springboot和springmvc中的默认配置

springmvc中默认的映射器适配器等,

对于Spring配置文件中的处理器适配器,处理器映射器,都可以省去不写,springMVC框架中会有默认配置的,因为在org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet这个类的同包下,有一个DispatcherServlet.properties文件,里面就是SpringMVC默认的配置,是当用户的Spring配置文件中没有指定配置时使用的默认策略(你不配置那么用户默认的,你配置了,那么就使用你的配置)

从默认的配置中可以看出DispatcherServlet在启动时会自动注册这些特殊的Bean,无需我们注册,如果我们注册了,默认的将不会注册。
视图解析器默认配置是前缀后缀都是空字符串,所以一般需要自己配置.

为什么springboot可以简化各个框架的配置呢,因为springboot的程序启动类上的注解@SpringBootApplication包含了自动配置的注解,由于其他框架的功能类上有configuration注解,因此可以被容器读取到,但是这些功能类上往往还有其他条件注解,只有满足所有条件后才可以被放到容器中

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@SpringBootConfiguration
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@ComponentScan(excludeFilters = { @Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = TypeExcludeFilter.class),
		@Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = AutoConfigurationExcludeFilter.class) })
public @interface SpringBootApplication {

通过AutoConfigurationImportSelector类的这个方法去读取spring.factories文件中已经写好的默认配置类

protected List<String> getCandidateConfigurations(AnnotationMetadata metadata, AnnotationAttributes attributes) {
		List<String> configurations = SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass(),
				getBeanClassLoader());
		Assert.notEmpty(configurations, "No auto configuration classes found in META-INF/spring.factories. If you "
				+ "are using a custom packaging, make sure that file is correct.");
		return configurations;
	}

虽然有了默认的配置但是还有一定的前提条件才会被读取到,下面这个类要想被自动配置则需要在application.properties配置spring.aop.auto=true

@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.aop", name = "auto", havingValue = "true", matchIfMissing = true)
public class AopAutoConfiguration {

关于"约定优于配置"的说法,个人理解就是一些框架我们需要配置值的属性由springboot为我们做好了,例如使用thymeleaf模板的时候在templates文件夹下直接写html文件,通过controller返回逻辑视图名的时候我们不需要自己配置视图解析器就可以访问到资源,springboot官网的thymeleaf默认配置如下:

# THYMELEAF (ThymeleafAutoConfiguration)
spring.thymeleaf.cache=true # Whether to enable template caching.
spring.thymeleaf.check-template=true # Whether to check that the template exists before rendering it.
spring.thymeleaf.check-template-location=true # Whether to check that the templates location exists.
spring.thymeleaf.enabled=true # Whether to enable Thymeleaf view resolution for Web frameworks.
spring.thymeleaf.enable-spring-el-compiler=false # Enable the SpringEL compiler in SpringEL expressions.
spring.thymeleaf.encoding=UTF-8 # Template files encoding.
spring.thymeleaf.excluded-view-names= # Comma-separated list of view names (patterns allowed) that should be excluded from resolution.
spring.thymeleaf.mode=HTML # Template mode to be applied to templates. See also Thymeleaf's TemplateMode enum.
spring.thymeleaf.prefix=classpath:/templates/ # Prefix that gets prepended to view names when building a URL.
spring.thymeleaf.reactive.chunked-mode-view-names= # Comma-separated list of view names (patterns allowed) that should be the only ones executed in CHUNKED mode when a max chunk size is set.
spring.thymeleaf.reactive.full-mode-view-names= # Comma-separated list of view names (patterns allowed) that should be executed in FULL mode even if a max chunk size is set.
spring.thymeleaf.reactive.max-chunk-size=0B # Maximum size of data buffers used for writing to the response.
spring.thymeleaf.reactive.media-types= # Media types supported by the view technology.
spring.thymeleaf.render-hidden-markers-before-checkboxes=false # Whether hidden form inputs acting as markers for checkboxes should be rendered before the checkbox element itself.
spring.thymeleaf.servlet.content-type=text/html # Content-Type value written to HTTP responses.
spring.thymeleaf.servlet.produce-partial-output-while-processing=true # Whether Thymeleaf should start writing partial output as soon as possible or buffer until template processing is finished.
spring.thymeleaf.suffix=.html # Suffix that gets appended to view names when building a URL.
spring.thymeleaf.template-resolver-order= # Order of the template resolver in the chain.
spring.thymeleaf.view-names= # Comma-separated list of view names (patterns allowed) that can be resolved.