SQL18 查找当前薪水排名第二多的员工编号emp_no

题目描述

查找当前薪水(to_date='9999-01-01')排名第二多的员工编号emp_no、薪水salary、last_name以及first_name，你可以不使用order by完成吗
CREATE TABLE `employees` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`birth_date` date NOT NULL,
`first_name` varchar(14) NOT NULL,
`last_name` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`gender` char(1) NOT NULL,
`hire_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`));
CREATE TABLE `salaries` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`salary` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`from_date`));

输入描述:

无

输出描述:

emp_no	salary	last_name	first_name
10009	94409	Peac	Sumant

-- 方法一
select s.emp_no, s.salary, e.last_name, e.first_name
from salaries s join employees e
on s.emp_no = e.emp_no
where s.salary =              -- 第三步: 将第二高工资作为查询条件
    (
    select max(salary)        -- 第二步: 查出除了原表最高工资以外的最高工资(第二高工资)
    from salaries
    where salary <   
        (
        select max(salary)    -- 第一步: 查出原表最高工资
        from salaries
        where to_date = '9999-01-01'  
        )
    and to_date = '9999-01-01'
    )
and s.to_date = '9999-01-01'

-- 方法二
select s.emp_no, s.salary, e.last_name, e.first_name
from salaries s join employees e
on s.emp_no = e.emp_no
where s.salary =
    (
    select s1.salary
    from salaries s1 join salaries s2      -- 自连接查询
    on s1.salary <= s2.salary
    group by s1.salary                     -- 当s1<=s2链接并以s1.salary分组时一个s1会对应多个s2
    having count(distinct s2.salary) = 2   -- (去重之后的数量就是对应的名次)
    and s1.to_date = '9999-01-01'
    and s2.to_date = '9999-01-01'
    )
and s.to_date = '9999-01-01'

-- 方法三
SELECT c.emp_no,c.salary,d.last_name,d.first_name 
FROM (
    SELECT a.emp_no,MIN(a.salary) AS 'salary' 
    FROM salaries a JOIN salaries b 
    ON a.salary <= b.salary 
    WHERE a.to_date = '9999-01-01' AND b.to_date = '9999-01-01' 
    GROUP BY a.emp_no 
    HAVING COUNT(b.emp_no) = 2
    ) 
    AS c 
LEFT OUTER JOIN employees d 
ON c.emp_no = d.emp_no;