ES6中对象（Object）,数组（Array）,Set集合,Map集合API扩展。

最新推荐文章于 2023-07-19 14:21:36 发布

Waghhhh

最新推荐文章于 2023-07-19 14:21:36 发布

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文章标签： es6

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Waghhhh/article/details/120515149

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对象（Object）API:

Object.is(a,b) 判断a,b两个值是否一样，类似于但不等于===

console.log(+0 === -0);//true
console.log(Object.is(+0, -0));//false
console.log(NaN === NaN);//false
console.log(Object.is(NaN, NaN));//true

Object.assign() 深复制或者合并对象
Object.assign(obj1, obj2) 深复制,将obj2复制给obj1

let obj1 = {}
let obj2 = { name: '张三', age: 12 }
Object.assign(obj1, obj2)//复制obj2到obj1
console.log(obj1, obj2);
console.log(obj1 === obj2);//检查是否深复制

Object.assign(obj1, obj2, obj3) 对象合并，将obj2、obj3合并后复制给obj1

let obj1 = {}
let obj2 = { name: '张三', age: 12 }
let obj3 = { name: '李四', gender: 'male' }
Object.assign(obj1, obj2, obj3)
console.log(obj1);

Object.setPrototypeOf(obj1, obj2) 为目标对象设置原型，将obj2设置成obj1的原型
Object.getPrototypeOf(obj1) 获取目标对象的原型

let obj1 = {}
let obj2 = { name: '张三', age: 12 }
Object.setPrototypeOf(obj1, obj2);//将obj2设置成obj1的原型
console.log(obj1.__proto__);//obj1的原型
console.log(obj1.constructor.prototype);obj1的构造函数所指的原型

console.log(Object.getPrototypeOf(obj1));

Object.keys() 返回对象属性名组成的数组

let obj = {
  name: 'zhangsan',
  age: 12,
  gender: 'male'
}
let keys = Object.keys(obj)
console.log(keys);

Object.values() 返回对象属性值组成的数组

let obj = {
  name: 'zhangsan',
  age: 12,
  gender: 'male'
}
let values = Object.values(obj)
console.log(values);

Object.entries() 返回对象[属性名, 属性值]组成的二维数组

let obj = {
  name: 'zhangsan',
  age: 12,
  gender: 'male'
}
let entries = Object.entries(obj)
console.log(entries);

数组（Array）API：

Array.from() 将其他类型数据(可迭代的)转成数组

let arrObj = {
  0: 'tom',
  1: 'terry',
  2: 'jacky',
  length: 3
}

let arr = Array.from(arrObj)
let arr2 = Array.from('hello')
console.log(arr,arr2);

Array.of() 创建数组实例，实参就是数组的元素

let arr1 = new Array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) 
let arr2 = new Array(3)  // [empty,empty,empty]
console.log(arr1, arr2);
let arr3 = Array.of(3, true, 'str') // [3]
console.log(arr3);

Array.prototype.find() 返回满足条件的第一个元素，参数为函数

let arr1 = new Array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
let result = arr1.find((item, index) => {
  return item > 3
})
console.log(result);   // 4

Array.prototype.findIndex() 返回满足条件的第一个元素的索引，参数为函数

let arr1 = new Array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
let result = arr1.findIndex((item, index) => {
  return item > 3
})
console.log(result);  //3

Array.prototype.includes() 判断当前数组中是否包含某个元素，参数为元素，返回true/false

let arr1 = new Array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)  // [1,2,3]
let result1 = arr1.includes(1)
console.log(result1);   // true

Array.prototype.fill() 填充数组（所有元素填充），修改数组原值

let arr1 = new Array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)  // [1,2,3]
let result2 = arr1.fill(7)
console.log(result2, arr1, result2 === arr1);

Array.prototype.() 索引的迭代器对象
Array.prototype.values() 元素的迭代器对象
Array.prototype.entries() 键值对的迭代器对象

let arr1 = ['tom', 'lerry', 'jacky']
let keys = arr1.keys()
let values = arr1.values()
let entries = arr1.entries()
console.log(keys, values, entries);
console.log(Array.from(keys));
console.log(Array.from(values));
console.log(Array.from(entries));

Set集合API：

Set.prototype.size 返回Set实例的成员总数。

let arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 5, 6, 8]
let set = new Set(arr)
console.log(set);
console.log(set.size);

Set.prototype.add(value) 添加某个值，返回Set结构本身

let arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 5, 6, 8]
let set = new Set(arr)
console.log(set.add(100));

Set.prototype.delete(value) 删除某个值，返回一个布尔值，表示删除是否成功。

et arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 5, 6, 8]
console.log(set);
let set = new Set(arr)
console.log(set.delete(1));
console.log(set);

Set.prototype.has(value) 返回一个布尔值，表示该值是否为Set的成员。

let arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 5, 6, 8]
let set = new Set(arr)
console.log(set);
console.log(set.has(100));

Set.prototype.clear() 清除所有成员，没有返回值。

let arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 5, 6, 8]
let set = new Set(arr)
console.log(set);
set.clear()
console.log(set);

Set.prototype.keys()   返回键名的遍历器
Set.prototype.values()   返回键值的遍历器
Set.prototype.entries()   返回键值对的遍历器

let arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 5, 6, 8]
let set = new Set(arr);
console.log(set.keys());
console.log(set.values());
console.log(set.entries());

Set.prototype.forEach() 使用回调函数遍历每个成员

let arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 5, 6, 8]
let set = new Set(arr)
set.forEach(item => {
  console.log(item);
})

Map集合API：

Map.prototype.size 返回 Map 结构的成员总数。

let obj = {
  name: 'zhangsan',
  age: 12,
  gender: '男'
}
let entries = Object.entries(obj)
console.log(entries);//[ [ 'name', 'zhangsan' ], [ 'age', 12 ], [ 'gender', '男' ] ]
let map = new Map(entries);
console.log(map);//Map(3) { 'name' => 'zhangsan', 'age' => 12, 'gender' => '男' }
console.log(map.size);//3

Map.prototype.set(key, value) set方法设置键名key对应的键值为value，然后返回整个map结构。如果key已经有值，则键值会被更新，否则就新生成该键。

let obj = {
  name: 'zhangsan',
  age: 12,
  gender: '男'
}
let entries = Object.entries(obj)
let map = new Map(entries);
map.set(true, false)//添加
map.set('age',13)修改
console.log(map);

Map.prototype.get(key) get方法读取key对应的键值，如果找不到key，返回undefined。

let obj = {
  name: 'zhangsan',
  age: 12,
  gender: '男'
}
let entries = Object.entries(obj)
let map = new Map(entries);
console.log(map.get('gender')); //男
console.log(map.get('father')); //undefined

Map.prototype.has(key) has方法返回一个布尔值，表示某个键是否在当前 Map 对象之中。

let obj = {
  name: 'zhangsan',
  age: 12,
  gender: '男'
}
let entries = Object.entries(obj)
let map = new Map(entries);
console.log(map.has('age')); //true
console.log(map.has(true));   //false

Map.prototype.delete(key) delete方法删除某个键，返回true。如果删除失败，返回false。

let obj = {
  name: 'zhangsan',
  age: 12,
  gender: '男'
}
let entries = Object.entries(obj)
let map = new Map(entries);
console.log(map);
console.log(map.delete('age'));  //true
console.log(map.delete('father'));  //false
console.log(map);

Map.prototype.clear() 清除所有成员，没有返回值

let obj = {
  name: 'zhangsan',
  age: 12,
  gender: '男'
}
let entries = Object.entries(obj)
let map = new Map(entries);
console.log(map);
map.clear()
console.log(map);

Map.prototype.keys()   返回键名的遍历器
Map.prototype.values()   返回键值的遍历器
Map.prototype.entries()   返回键值对的遍历器

let obj = {
  name: 'zhangsan',
  age: 12,
  gender: '男'
}
let entries = Object.entries(obj)
let map = new Map(entries);
let keys = map.keys()
let values = map.values()
let entries1 = map.entries()
console.log(keys);
console.log(values);
console.log(entries1);

Map.prototype.forEach() 使用回调函数遍历每个成员

let obj = {
  name: 'zhangsan',
  age: 12,
  gender: '男'
}
let entries = Object.entries(obj)
let map = new Map(entries);

map.forEach((value, key) => {
  console.log(value, key);
})