RecyclerView实现过程

转自郭神的《第一行代码》第3版

①自定义RecyclerView的组件类（比如包含一张图片和一段文字）

class Fruit(val name:String,val imageId:Int)

②新建组件的布局文件fruit_item.xml

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
              android:layout_width="match_parent"
              android:layout_height="60dp">
  <ImageView
             android:id="@+id/fruitImage"
             android:layout_width="40dp"
             android:layout_height="40dp"
             android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
             android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"/>
  <TextView
            android:id="@+id/fruitName"
             android:layout_width="wrap_content"
             android:layout_height="wrap_content"
             android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
             android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"/>
</LinearLayout>

在Activity布局文件activity_main.xml中新建RecyclerView将其放入界面中

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
              android:layout_width="match_parent"
              android:layout_height="60dp">
  <androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
            android:id="@+id/recyclerView"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent" />
</LinearLayout>

③自定义适配器FruitAdapter，继承自RecyclerView.Adapter，并将<泛型>指定为在FruitAdapter中定义的内部类<FruitAdapter.ViewHolder>

执行顺序:onCreateViewHolder(找到布局)→MyViewHolder(找到组件) →onBindViewHolder(绑定数据)

class FruitAdapter(val fruitList:List<Fruit>):RecyclerView.Adapter<FruitAdapter.ViewHolder>(){
  inner class ViewHolder(view:View):RecyclerView.ViewHolder(view){
    //获取组件
    val fruitImage:ImageView=view.findViewById(R.id.fruitImage)
    val fruitName:TextView=view.findViewById(R.id.fruitName)
  }
  
  override fun onCreateViewHolder(parent:ViewGroup,viewType:Int):ViewHolder{
    //获取布局
    val view=LayoutInflater.from(parent).inflate(R.layout.fruit_item,parent,false)
    return ViewHolder(view)
  }
  
  override fun onBindViewHolder(holder:ViewHolder,position:Int){
    //组件绑定数据
    val fruit=fruitList[position]
    holder.fruitImage.setImageResource(fruit.imageId)
    holder.fruitName.text=fruit.name
  }
  
  override fun getItemCount() = fruitList.size
}

④在MainActivity中启动

class MainActivity:AppCompatActivity(){
  private val fruitList = ArrayList<Fruit>()
  
  override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState:Bundle?){
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
    setContentLayout(R.layout.activity_main)
    
    initFruits()//新建数据
    
    val layoutManager=LinearLayoutManager(this)
    recyclerView.layoutManager=layoutManager
    val adapter=FruitAdapter(fruitList)
    recyclerView.adapter=adapter
  }
  
  private fun initFruits(){
    repeat(2){
      fruitList.add(Fruit("Apple",R.drawable.apple_pic))
      fruitList.add(Fruit("Banana",R.drawable.Banana_pic))
    }
  }
}