使用Python制作中文词云

1、处理文本数据

在生成词云时，wordcloud默认会以空格或标点为分隔符对目标文本进行分词处

理。对于中文文本,分词处理需要由用户来完成。一般步骤是先将文本分词处理,

然后以空格拼接,再调用wordcloud库函数

2、产生词云图片

wordcloud库的核心是WordColoud类,所有的功能都封装在WordCloud类中。使用时需要实例 化 一 WordColoud类的对象 , 并调用其generate(text)方法将text文本转化为词云

• 实验代码

"""

Created on Sat Feb 13 20:42:14 2021

@author: Cynthia

"""

import numpy as np

from wordcloud import WordCloud, ImageColorGenerator#, STOPWORDS

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

from PIL import Image

import jieba # cutting Chinese sentences into words

def plt_imshow(x, ax=None, show=True):

    if ax is None:

        fig, ax = plt.subplots()

    ax.imshow(x)

    ax.axis("off")

    if show: plt.show()

    return ax

def count_frequencies(word_list):

    freq = dict()

    for w in word_list:

        if w not in freq.keys():

            freq[w] = 1

        else:

            freq[w] += 1

    return freq

# In[]

if __name__ == '__main__':

    

    # setting paths

    fname_text = 'texts/article.txt'

    fname_stop = 'stopwords/hit_stopwords.txt'

    fname_mask = 'pictures/owl.jpeg'

    fname_font = 'SourceHanSerifK-Light.otf'

    

    # read in texts (an article)

    text = open(fname_text, encoding='utf8').read()

    # Chinese stop words

    STOPWORDS_CH = open(fname_stop, encoding='utf8').read().split()

    

    # processing texts: cutting words, removing stop-words and single-charactors

    word_list = [

            w for w in jieba.cut(text)

            if w not in STOPWORDS_CH and len(w) > 1

            ]

    freq = count_frequencies(word_list)

    

    # processing image

    im_mask = np.array(Image.open(fname_mask))

    im_colors = ImageColorGenerator(im_mask)

    

    # generate word cloud

    wcd = WordCloud(font_path=fname_font, # font for Chinese charactors

                    background_color='white',

                    mode="RGBA",

                    mask=im_mask,

                    )

    #wcd.generate(text) # for English words

    wcd.generate_from_frequencies(freq)

    wcd.recolor(color_func = im_colors)

    

    # visualization

    ax = plt_imshow(wcd,)

    ax.figure.savefig(f'single_wcd.png', bbox_inches='tight', dpi=150)

    

    fig, axs = plt.subplots(1, 2)

    plt_imshow(im_mask, axs[0], show=False)

    plt_imshow(wcd, axs[1])

    fig.savefig(f'conbined_wcd.png', bbox_inches='tight', dpi=150)