Android开发学习之 ListView

 ListView

  

ListView

extends  AbsListView

java.lang.Object
↳	android.view.View
	↳	android.view.ViewGroup
		↳	android.widget.AdapterView<T extends android.widget.Adapter>
			↳	android.widget.AbsListView
				↳	android.widget.ListView

Public Methods
void	addFooterView( View v) Add a fixed view to appear at the bottom of the list.
void	addFooterView( View v,  Object data, boolean isSelectable) Add a fixed view to appear at the bottom of the list.
void	addHeaderView( View v,  Object data, boolean isSelectable) Add a fixed view to appear at the top of the list.
void	addHeaderView( View v) Add a fixed view to appear at the top of the list.
boolean	areFooterDividersEnabled()
boolean	areHeaderDividersEnabled()
boolean	dispatchKeyEvent( KeyEvent event) Dispatch a key event to the next view on the focus path.
ListAdapter	getAdapter() Returns the adapter currently in use in this ListView.
long[]	getCheckItemIds() This method was deprecated in API level 8. Use getCheckedItemIds() instead.
Drawable	getDivider() Returns the drawable that will be drawn between each item in the list.
int	getDividerHeight()
int	getFooterViewsCount() Returns the number of footer views in the list.
int	getHeaderViewsCount() Returns the number of header views in the list.
boolean	getItemsCanFocus()
int	getMaxScrollAmount()
Drawable	getOverscrollFooter()
Drawable	getOverscrollHeader()
boolean	isOpaque() Indicates whether this View is opaque.
void	onInitializeAccessibilityEvent( AccessibilityEvent event) Initializes an  AccessibilityEvent with information about this View which is the event source.
void	onInitializeAccessibilityNodeInfo( AccessibilityNodeInfo info) Initializes an  AccessibilityNodeInfo with information about this view.
void	onInitializeAccessibilityNodeInfoForItem( View view, int position,  AccessibilityNodeInfo info) Initializes an  AccessibilityNodeInfo with information about a particular item in the list.
boolean	onKeyDown(int keyCode,  KeyEvent event) Default implementation of  KeyEvent.Callback.onKeyDown(): perform press of the view when  KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER or  KEYCODE_ENTER is released, if the view is enabled and clickable.
boolean	onKeyMultiple(int keyCode, int repeatCount,  KeyEvent event) Default implementation of  KeyEvent.Callback.onKeyMultiple(): always returns false (doesn't handle the event).
boolean	onKeyUp(int keyCode,  KeyEvent event) Default implementation of  KeyEvent.Callback.onKeyUp(): perform clicking of the view when  KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER or  KEYCODE_ENTER is released.
boolean	removeFooterView( View v) Removes a previously-added footer view.
boolean	removeHeaderView( View v) Removes a previously-added header view.
boolean	requestChildRectangleOnScreen( View child,  Rect rect, boolean immediate) Called when a child of this group wants a particular rectangle to be positioned onto the screen.
void	setAdapter( ListAdapter adapter) Sets the data behind this ListView.
void	setCacheColorHint(int color) When set to a non-zero value, the cache color hint indicates that this list is always drawn on top of a solid, single-color, opaque background.
void	setDivider( Drawable divider) Sets the drawable that will be drawn between each item in the list.
void	setDividerHeight(int height) Sets the height of the divider that will be drawn between each item in the list.
void	setFooterDividersEnabled(boolean footerDividersEnabled) Enables or disables the drawing of the divider for footer views.
void	setHeaderDividersEnabled(boolean headerDividersEnabled) Enables or disables the drawing of the divider for header views.
void	setItemsCanFocus(boolean itemsCanFocus) Indicates that the views created by the ListAdapter can contain focusable items.
void	setOverscrollFooter( Drawable footer) Sets the drawable that will be drawn below all other list content.
void	setOverscrollHeader( Drawable header) Sets the drawable that will be drawn above all other list content.
void	setRemoteViewsAdapter( Intent intent) Sets up this AbsListView to use a remote views adapter which connects to a RemoteViewsService through the specified intent.
void	setSelection(int position) Sets the currently selected item.
void	setSelectionAfterHeaderView() setSelectionAfterHeaderView set the selection to be the first list item after the header views.
void	setSelectionFromTop(int position, int y) Sets the selected item and positions the selection y pixels from the top edge of the ListView.
void	smoothScrollByOffset(int offset) Smoothly scroll to the specified adapter position offset.
void	smoothScrollToPosition(int position) Smoothly scroll to the specified adapter position.

Protected Methods
boolean	canAnimate() Indicates whether the view group has the ability to animate its children after the first layout.
void	dispatchDraw( Canvas canvas) Called by draw to draw the child views.
boolean	drawChild( Canvas canvas,  View child, long drawingTime) Draw one child of this View Group.
View	findViewTraversal(int id)
View	findViewWithTagTraversal( Object tag)
void	layoutChildren() Subclasses must override this method to layout their children.
void	onFinishInflate() Finalize inflating a view from XML.
void	onFocusChanged(boolean gainFocus, int direction,  Rect previouslyFocusedRect) Called by the view system when the focus state of this view changes.
void	onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) Measure the view and its content to determine the measured width and the measured height.
void	onSizeChanged(int w, int h, int oldw, int oldh) This is called during layout when the size of this view has changed.

ListView是一个经常用到的控件，ListView里面的每个子项Item可以使一个字符串，也可以是一个组合控件。先说说ListView的实现：

1.准备ListView要显示的数据 ；

2.使用 一维或多维 动态数组 保存数据；

2.构建适配器 ， 简单地来说， 适配器就是 Item数组 ， 动态数组 有多少元素就生成多少个Item；

3.把 适配器 添加到ListView,并显示出来。 

UI的XML代码：

main.xml代码如下

[xhtml]  view plain copy print ?

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  
2. <LinearLayout   
3.         android:id="@+id/LinearLayout01"   
4.         android:layout_width="fill_parent"   
5.         android:layout_height="fill_parent"   
6.         xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">  
7.           
8.         <ListView android:layout_width="wrap_content"   
9.                   android:layout_height="wrap_content"   
10.                   android:id="@+id/MyListView">  
11.         </ListView>  
12. </LinearLayout>  

 

my_listitem.xml的代码如下，my_listitem.xml用于设计ListView的Item：

[xhtml]  view plain copy print ?

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  
2. <LinearLayout   
3.         android:layout_width="fill_parent"   
4.         xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"   
5.         android:orientation="vertical"  
6.         android:layout_height="wrap_content"   
7.         android:id="@+id/MyListItem"   
8.         android:paddingBottom="3dip"   
9.         android:paddingLeft="10dip">  
10.         <TextView   
11.                 android:layout_height="wrap_content"   
12.                 android:layout_width="fill_parent"   
13.                 android:id="@+id/ItemTitle"   
14.                 android:textSize="30dip">  
15.         </TextView>  
16.         <TextView   
17.                 android:layout_height="wrap_content"   
18.                 android:layout_width="fill_parent"   
19.                 android:id="@+id/ItemText">  
20.         </TextView>  
21. </LinearLayout>  

JAVA的源代码：

[java]  view plain copy print ?

1. public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
2.     super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
3.     setContentView(R.layout.main);  
4.     //绑定XML中的ListView，作为Item的容器  
5.     ListView list = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.MyListView);  
6.       
7.     //生成动态数组，并且转载数据  
8.     ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>> mylist = new ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>>();  
9.     for(int i=0;i<30;i++)  
10.     {  
11.         HashMap<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();  
12.         map.put("ItemTitle", "This is Title.....");  
13.         map.put("ItemText", "This is text.....");  
14.         mylist.add(map);  
15.     }  
16.     //生成适配器，数组===》ListItem  
17.     SimpleAdapter mSchedule = new SimpleAdapter(this, //没什么解释  
18.                                                 mylist,//数据来源   
19.                                                 R.layout.my_listitem,//ListItem的XML实现  
20.                                                   
21.                                                 //动态数组与ListItem对应的子项          
22.                                                 new String[] {"ItemTitle", "ItemText"},   
23.                                                   
24.                                                 //ListItem的XML文件里面的两个TextView ID  
25.                                                 new int[] {R.id.ItemTitle,R.id.ItemText});  
26.     //添加并且显示  
27.     list.setAdapter(mSchedule);  
28. } 

关于ListView相关的使用,实际使用少不了适配器的操作,以及相关的布局效果实现,参见适配器章节....

android:layout_height	必须将ListView的布局高度属性设置“match_parent 或 400dp等绝对数值”， 如果ListView的布局高度为“wrap_content”，那么getView()就会重复调用。一般来说，一个item会被调用三遍左右。
android:cacheColorHint="#00000000"	ListView设置背景，拖动背景色为透明
android:dividerHeight="1dp"	item之间的高度
android:divider="@drawable/div" android:divider="#FF0"	item之间的背景或者说是颜色
android:listSelector="@drawable/list_item_bg"	item按下的样式
android:scrollbars="none"	隐藏滚动条。 只有值为vertical的时候，才会显示滚动条， 并且会自动影藏和显示
android:fastScrollEnabled="true"	拖动滑块，快速滚动
android:scrollbarStyle="outsideInset"	insideOverlay：默认值，表示在padding区域内并且覆盖在view上 insideInset：表示在padding区域内并且插入在view后面 outsideOverlay：表示在padding区域外并且覆盖在view上，推荐这个 outsideInset：表示在padding区域外并且插入在view后面