stl-stack-源码-可以供学习其中的实现，魔板编程

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// stack standard header
#pragma once
#ifndef _STACK_
#define _STACK_
#ifndef RC_INVOKED
#include <deque>

#ifdef _MSC_VER
#pragma pack(push,_CRT_PACKING)
#pragma warning(push,3)
#endif /* _MSC_VER */
_STD_BEGIN

       // TEMPLATE CLASS stack
template<class _Ty, class _Container = deque<_Ty> >
   class stack
   {   // LIFO queue implemented with a container
public:
   typedef _Container container_type;
   typedef typename _Container::value_type value_type;
   typedef typename _Container::size_type size_type;
   typedef typename _Container::reference reference;
   typedef typename _Container::const_reference const_reference;

   stack() : c()
       {   // construct with empty container
       }

   explicit stack(const _Container& _Cont) : c(_Cont)
       {   // construct by copying specified container
       }

   bool empty() const
       {   // test if stack is empty
       return (c.empty());
       }

   size_type size() const
       {   // test length of stack
       return (c.size());
       }

   reference top()
       {   // return last element of mutable stack
       return (c.back());
       }

   const_reference top() const
       {   // return last element of nonmutable stack
       return (c.back());
       }

   void push(const value_type& _Val)
       {   // insert element at end
       c.push_back(_Val);
       }

   void pop()
       {   // erase last element
       c.pop_back();
       }

   const _Container& _Get_container() const
       {   // get reference to container
       return (c);
       }

protected:
_Container c; // the underlying container
};

// stack TEMPLATE FUNCTIONS
template<class _Ty, class _Container>

inline bool operator==(const stack<_Ty, _Container>& _Left, const stack<_Ty, _Container>& _Right)
   {   // test for stack equality
   return (_Left._Get_container() == _Right._Get_container());
   }