【UI初级--连载六】---------导航控制器（UINavigationController）

内容简介：

1、创建导航控制器 

2、push、pop、root、index 

3、设置导航栏

导航控制器 UINavigationController 是用来管理子控制器的切换的大管家
导航控制器是个管理型的控制器，他本身不显示视图内容，而是管理子控制器的视图显示

UINavigationController 是 UIViewController 的子类

一、创建导航控制器

APPDelegate.m文件中：

RootViewController *rootVC = [[ RootViewController alloc ] init ];
    // 创建导航视图控制器
    //RootViewController 让一个控制器作为导航控制器的跟试图控制器
    UINavigationController *nav = [[ UINavigationController alloc ] initWithRootViewController :rootVC];
    NSLog ( @"App-----%@" ,nav);
    /*
     // 原理
     [nav.view addSubview:rootVC.view];
     */

// 使用导航控制器作为 window 的根控制器

    self . window . rootViewController = nav;

RootViewController.m文件中：

- ( void )viewDidLoad {
    [ super viewDidLoad ];
    // Do any additional setup after loading the view.
   
    self . view . backgroundColor = [ UIColor redColor ];
    self . title = @"Root" ;
   
    // 导航栏的高度是 44
   
    // 注意： 在 iOS7 之前， self.view 的坐标是从（ 0 ， 64 ）开始的，在 ios7 之后，导航栏和状态栏全部透明，仍旧是（ 0 ， 0 ）开始
    // 添加一个子视图
    UIView *myView = [[ UIView alloc ] initWithFrame : CGRectMake ( 0 , 64 , 100 , 100 )] ;
    myView. backgroundColor = [ UIColor greenColor ];
    [ self . view addSubview :myView];
   
   
    // 添加一个按钮
    UIButton *btn = [ UIButton buttonWithType : UIButtonTypeCustom ];
    btn. frame = CGRectMake ( 50 , 300 , 200 , 40 );
    btn. backgroundColor = [ UIColor grayColor ];
    [btn setTitle : @"push" forState : UIControlStateNormal ];
    [btn addTarget : self action : @selector (btnClick:) forControlEvents : UIControlEventTouchUpInside ];
    [ self . view addSubview :btn];
 
}

- ( void )btnClick:( UIButton *)btn{
    // 创建二级界面控制器
    SecondViewController *second = [[ SecondViewController alloc ] init ];
    //push 到下一个控制器
    //navigationController 是每一个视图控制器（ UIViewController ）都有的属性 , 如果说该控制器被放在某个导航控制器中管理，则能够直接拿到这个导航控制器，如果没有放到导航控制器中管理，则此属性对象为 nil
    NSLog ( @"Root----%@" , self . navigationController );
    //push
    [ self . navigationController pushViewController :second animated : YES ];

}

SecondViewController.m文件中：

- ( void )viewDidLoad {
    [ super viewDidLoad ];
    // Do any additional setup after loading the view.
    self . view . backgroundColor = [ UIColor orangeColor ];
    self . title = @"Second" ;
   
   
    // 添加一个按钮
    UIButton *btn = [ UIButton buttonWithType : UIButtonTypeCustom ];
    btn. frame = CGRectMake ( 50 , 300 , 200 , 40 );
    btn. backgroundColor = [ UIColor grayColor ];
    [btn setTitle : @"pop" forState : UIControlStateNormal ];
    [btn addTarget : self action : @selector (btnClick:) forControlEvents : UIControlEventTouchUpInside ];
    [ self . view addSubview :btn];
   
}


- ( void )btnClick:( UIButton *)btn{
    // 返回 ----POP 到上一级界面
    [ self . navigationController popViewControllerAnimated : YES ];
//    [self.navigationController popToRootViewControllerAnimated:YES];
//    [self.navigationController popToViewController: animated:]
}

二、push、pop、root、index

xib创建：

APPDelegate.m文件中：

FirstViewController *firstVC = [[ FirstViewController alloc ] init ];
    UINavigationController *nav = [[ UINavigationController alloc ] initWithRootViewController :firstVC];

    self.window.rootViewController = nav;

FirstViewController.m文件中：

- ( void )viewDidLoad {
    [ super viewDidLoad ];
    // Do any additional setup after loading the view from its nib.
    self . title = @" 第 1 个控制器 " ;
}
- ( IBAction )butClick:( UIButton *)sender {
    SecondViewController *second = [[ SecondViewController alloc ] init ];
    [ self . navigationController pushViewController :second animated : YES ];
}

SecondViewController.m文件中：

- ( void )viewDidLoad {
    [ super viewDidLoad ];
    // Do any additional setup after loading the view from its nib.
    self . title = @" 第 2 个控制器 " ;
}
- ( IBAction )butClick:( UIButton *)sender {
    OtherViewController *other = [[ OtherViewController alloc ] init ];
    [ self . navigationController pushViewController :other animated : YES ];
}

OtherViewController.m文件中：

- ( void )viewDidLoad {
    [ super viewDidLoad ];
    // Do any additional setup after loading the view from its nib.
   
    self . view . backgroundColor = [ UIColor colorWithRed : arc4random ()% 10 * 0.1 green : arc4random ()% 10 * 0.1 blue : arc4random ()% 10 * 0.1 alpha : 1 ];
   
    NSInteger count = self . navigationController . viewControllers . count ;
    self . title = [ NSString stringWithFormat : @" 第 %ld 个控制器 " ,count];
}
- ( IBAction )btnClick:( UIButton *)btn {
    if (btn. tag == 100 ) {
        //push
        OtherViewController *other = [[ OtherViewController alloc ] init ];
        [ self . navigationController pushViewController :other animated : YES ];
       
    } else if (btn. tag == 101 ){
        //pop
        [ self . navigationController popViewControllerAnimated : YES ];
       
    } else if (btn. tag == 102 ){
        //root
        [ self . navigationController popToRootViewControllerAnimated : YES ];
       
    } else if (btn. tag == 103 ){
       
        //AlertController
        UIAlertController *alertCtrl = [ UIAlertController alertControllerWithTitle : @" 注意 " message : @" 请输入要跳转至第几个控制器 " preferredStyle : UIAlertControllerStyleAlert ];
       
        //AlertAction
        UIAlertAction *alertAction = [ UIAlertAction actionWithTitle : @" 确定 " style : UIAlertActionStyleDefault handler :^( UIAlertAction *action) {
            // 拿到 textField 中的值
            UITextField *textField = [[alertCtrl textFields ] lastObject ];
            NSInteger index = [textField. text integerValue ];
           
            NSArray *viewControllers = self . navigationController . viewControllers ;
            // 安全处理
            if (index < 0 || index >= viewControllers. count - 1 ) {
                NSLog ( @" 输入违法 " );
                return ;
            }
            UIViewController *vc = viewControllers[index];
            [ self . navigationController popToViewController :vc animated : YES ];
        }];
        [alertCtrl addAction :alertAction];
       
        //TextField
        [alertCtrl addTextFieldWithConfigurationHandler :^( UITextField *textField) {
            textField. textAlignment = NSTextAlignmentCenter ;
            textField. keyboardType = UIKeyboardTypeNumberPad ;
        }];
       
        [ self presentViewController :alertCtrl animated : YES completion : nil ];
       

    }     

}

三、设置导航栏

APPDelegate.m文件中：

RootViewController.m文件中：

- ( void )viewDidLoad {
    [ super viewDidLoad ];
    // Do any additional setup after loading the view.
   
    self . view . backgroundColor = [ UIColor redColor ];
   
    CGFloat screenWidth = [ UIScreen mainScreen ]. bounds . size . width ;
//    CGFloat screenHeight = [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.height;
   
    self . title = @"Root" ;
    // 这种用法很少 , 一般直接设置 title
//    self.navigationItem.title = @"Root";
   
    // 设置导航栏的背景图片
    UIImage *img = [ UIImage imageNamed : @"navbar_bg_normal.png" ];
    //修改图片的大小
    UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(CGSizeMake(screenWidth, 64));
    [img drawInRect:CGRectMake(0, 0, screenWidth, 64)];
    img = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();

    UIGraphicsEndImageContext();

// 导航栏背景

//    [self.navigationController.navigationBar setBackgroundImage:img forBarMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
   
//    // 设置导航栏 title 的字体的颜色，大小
//    self.navigationController.navigationBar.titleTextAttributes = @{NSFontAttributeName: [UIFont boldSystemFontOfSize:20], NSForegroundColorAttributeName: [UIColor redColor]};
   
   
    // 设置 titleView
    UIButton *titileBtn = [ UIButton buttonWithType : UIButtonTypeCustom ];
    [titileBtn setTitle : @"titleBtn" forState : UIControlStateNormal ];
    [titileBtn addTarget : self action : @selector (titleBtnClick:) forControlEvents : UIControlEventTouchUpInside ];
    titileBtn. backgroundColor = [ UIColor greenColor ];
    titileBtn. frame = CGRectMake ( 0 , 0 , 100 , 40 );
    self . navigationItem . titleView = titileBtn;
   
   
    /********* 创建导航栏上左右两边的按钮 ***********/
   
    // 第一种方法
    // 初始化一个 UIBarButtonItem 的实例，初始化一个系统的 Item
    UIBarButtonItem *item1 = [[ UIBarButtonItem alloc ] initWithBarButtonSystemItem : UIBarButtonSystemItemBookmarks target : self action : @selector (item1Action:)];
//    self.navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem = item1;
   
    // 第二种方法
    // 初始化一个带图片的 UIBarButtonItem 实例
    UIBarButtonItem *item2 = [[ UIBarButtonItem alloc ] initWithImage :[ UIImage imageNamed : @"btn_search.png" ] style : UIBarButtonItemStyleDone target : self action : @selector (item2Action:)];
    self . navigationItem . leftBarButtonItems = @[ item1, item2 ] ;

    // 第三种方式
    // 初始化一个只带标题的 UIBarButtonItem 实例
//    UIBarButtonItem *item3 = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithTitle:@"hehe" style:UIBarButtonItemStyleDone target:self action:@selector(item3Action:)];
//    self.navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem = item3;
   
   
    // 第四种方法 ( 最常用的方法 )
    // 通过自定义视图设置
    UIButton *btn = [ UIButton buttonWithType : UIButtonTypeCustom ];
    [btn setBackgroundImage :[ UIImage imageNamed : @"btn_search.png" ] forState : UIControlStateNormal ];
    btn. frame = CGRectMake ( 0 , 0 , 33 , 32 );
    UIBarButtonItem *item4 = [[ UIBarButtonItem alloc ] initWithCustomView :btn];
    self . navigationItem . rightBarButtonItem = item4;
   
   
    UIView *view1 = [[ UIView alloc ] initWithFrame : CGRectMake ( 0 , 200 , 100 , 100 )];
    view1. backgroundColor = [ UIColor blueColor ];
    [ self . view addSubview :view1];
   
   
}

- ( void )item1Action:( UIBarButtonItem *)btn
{
    NSLog ( @"item1 click" );
    //PUSH
    DetailViewController *detailVC = [[ DetailViewController alloc ] init ];
    [ self . navigationController pushViewController :detailVC animated : true ];
}

- ( void )item2Action:( UIBarButtonItem *)btn
{
    NSLog ( @"item2 click" );
}

- ( void )item3Action:( UIBarButtonItem *)btn
{
    NSLog ( @"item3 click" );
}

- ( void )titleBtnClick:( UIButton *)btn
{
    NSLog ( @"titleBtn click" );
}

SecondViewController.m文件中：

- ( void )viewDidLoad {
    [ super viewDidLoad ];
    // Do any additional setup after loading the view.
    self . view . backgroundColor = [ UIColor cyanColor ];
   
    self . title = @"Detail" ;
   
    // 第四种方法 ( 最常用的方法 )
    // 通过自定义视图设置
    UIButton *btn = [ UIButton buttonWithType : UIButtonTypeCustom ];
    [btn setBackgroundImage :[ UIImage imageNamed : @"btn_search.png" ] forState : UIControlStateNormal ];
    btn. frame = CGRectMake ( 0 , 0 , 33 , 32 );
    [btn addTarget : self action : @selector (btnClick:) forControlEvents : UIControlEventTouchUpInside ];
    UIBarButtonItem *item4 = [[ UIBarButtonItem alloc ] initWithCustomView :btn];
   
    // 一般在 iOS6 中我们经常这样自定义返回上一级的按钮
    // 在 iOS7 以后，如果自定义返回上一级的按钮，则系统的抽屉式导航手势失效
    self . navigationItem . leftBarButtonItem = item4;
   
    // 设置导航栏的风格
//    self.navigationController.navigationBar.barStyle = UIBarStyleBlack;
   
    // 设置导航栏不透明
//    self.navigationController.navigationBar.translucent = false;
   
    // 设置导航栏颜色
//    self.navigationController.navigationBar.barTintColor = [UIColor redColor];
   
    // 设置导航栏提示用户的内容 ( 用得比较少 )
    self . navigationItem . prompt = @"hehehe" ;
}

- ( void )btnClick:( UIButton *)btn
{
    [ self . navigationController popViewControllerAnimated : true ];
   
}