Oracle10gR2 On RHEL5 x86_64安装技术文档(原版英文)

 

Requirements For Installing Oracle10gR2 On RHEL 5/OEL 5 (x86_64) [ID 421308.1]
	修改时间 06-OCT-2011     类型 HOWTO     状态 PUBLISHED

In this Document
  Goal
  Solution
  References

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Applies to:

Oracle Server - Enterprise Edition - Version: 10.2.0.1 to 10.2.0.5 - Release: 10.2 to 10.2
Linux x86-64
Oracle Server Enterprise Edition - Version: 10.2.0.1 to 10.2.0.5

Goal

This document describes the installation of Oracle 10gR2 database on RedHat Enterprise Linux/Oracle Enterprise Linux 5 (x86_64).

Solution

Installation requirements:

1. Hardware Requirements

i) Physical Memory

At least 1GB of physical RAM is required. To determine the physical RAM size, enter the following command

# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo

ii) Swap Space

The following table describes the relationship between installed RAM and the configured swap space requirement.

 

RAM	Swap Space
Between 1024 MB and 2048 MB	1.5 times the size of RAM
Between 2049 MB and 8192 MB	Equal to the size of RAM
More than 8192 MB	0.75 times the size of RAM

 

To determine the size of the configured swap space, enter the following command

# grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo

iii) Disk space Requirement

• 400 MB of disk space in the /tmp directory
• Between 1.5 GB and 3.5 GB of disk space for the Oracle software, depending on the installation type
• 1.2 GB of disk space for a preconfigured database that uses file system storage (optional)

To determine the amount of free disk space on the system, enter the following command

# df -h

2. Kernel Requirements

a) Version
The system must be running the following kernel version (or a later version)

2.6.18-8

To determine whether the required kernel is installed, enter the following command:

# uname -r

b) SELinux

By default, RHEL 5 x86_64 Linux is installed with SELinux as "enforcing". This is fine for the 10gR2 installation process. However, to subsequently run "sqlplus", switch SELinux to the "Permissive" mode. See Note 454196.1, "./sqlplus: error on libnnz11.so: cannot restore segment prot after reloc" for more details.

3. Installing required packages 

  a) Oracle recommends that you install the Linux operating system with the default software packages (RPMs); do not customize the RPMs during installation. For additional information on "default-RPMs", please see Note 376183.1, "Defining a "default RPMs" installation of the RHEL OS"

  b) The exact version number details of this list are based upon 64-bit (x86_64) RHEL Server 5.0. When a higher "update" level is used, the RPM release numbers (such as 4.1.1-52) may be slightly higher (such as 4.1.1-60 or 4.1.2). Since "update 0" and greater of RHEL 5 are certified, this is fine so long as you are still using 64-bit Linux (x86_64) RHEL Server 5 RPMs.

 

binutils-2.17.50.0.6-2 (x86_64)
compat-db-4.2.52-5.1 (x86_64)
compat-libstdc++-296-2.96-138 (i386)
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61(x86_64)
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61 (i386)
control-center-2.16.0-14 (x86_64)
gcc-4.1.1-52 (x86_64)
gcc-c++-4.1.1-52 (x86_64)
glibc-2.5-12 (x86_64)
glibc-2.5-12 (i686)
glibc-common-2.5-12 (x86_64)
glibc-devel-2.5-12 (x86_64)
glibc-devel-2.5-12 (i386)
glibc-headers-2.5-12 (x86_64)
ksh-20060214-1.4 (x86_64)
libaio-0.3.106-3.2 (x86_64)
libgcc-4.1.1-52 (i386)
libgcc-4.1.1-52 (x86_64)
libgnome-2.16.0-6 (x86_64)
libgnomeui-2.16.0-5 (x86_64)
libgomp-4.1.1-52 (x86_64)
libstdc++-4.1.1-52 (x86_64)
libstdc++-devel-4.1.1-52 (x86_64)
libXp-1.0.0-8 (i386)
libXtst-1.0.1-3.1(i386)
make-3.81-1.1 (x86_64)
sysstat-7.0.0-3 (x86_64)

The x86_64 packages are on the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 x86-64 distribution. The i386 packages are also on the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 x86-64 distribution.

Command syntax to differentiate between installed i386 RPMs and installed x86_64 RPMs is presented in the "Additional Notes" section below.

Note: i386 packages might require the --force option during installation if the 64-bit version of the same package is already installed. For example, "rpm -ivh --force glibc-devel-2.5-12.i386.rpm" may be required.

4. Set the kernel parameters

Add the following the lines in the file /etc/sysctl.conf 

kernel.shmall = physical RAM size / pagesize For most systems, this will be the value 2097152. See Note 301830.1 for more information.
kernel.shmmax = 1/2 of physical RAM. This would be the value 2147483648 for a system with 4Gb of physical RAM.
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 512 x processes (for example 65536 for 128 processes)
Development recommends a minimum of 327679 for active systems.
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
(The runInstaller (OUI) checks may expect this to be the old guidance of 1024 65000.
The new guidance from Oracle development is 9000 65500.
Please allow the runInstaller (OUI) to proceed with the new guidance from Oracle development.)
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 2097152
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

To place these changes into effect, execute the command

# sysctl -p

5. Create Oracle user and groups

# groupadd oinstall
# groupadd dba
# useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
# passwd oracle

6. Create the required directories for Oracle database and change the ownership

For example
# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle

 7. Set the session limits for Oracle user

Add the following lines to the /etc/security/limits.conf file

oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536

 Add the following line in the /etc/pam.d/login file

session required pam_limits.so

Add the following lines to the /etc/profile. This assumes that oracle user is using bash shell which is given by default. Change this accordingly if the oracle user has a different shell

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
  ulimit -u 16384
  ulimit -n 65536
fi

8. Configure the Oracle user's environment

Configuring the oracle User's Environment, using the appropriate section of the "Oracle® Database Quick Installation Guide 10g Release 2 (10.2) for Linux x86-64". Note that setting $ORACLE_BASE (not $ORACLE_HOME) in the environment will ease a couple of entries in the Oracle Universal Installer.

For example, if oracle user is using bash shell, and has the home directory as /home/oracle,
The following lines to be added to /home/oracle/.bash_profile
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
unset ORACLE_HOME

9.  The gcc-4.1.1 and gcc-c++-4.1.1 RPM items above will ensure that the correct gcc / g++ versions are installed. It is also required that you ensure that these correct gcc / g++ versions are active, and in-use. Ensure that the commands "gcc --version" and "g++ --version" each return "4.1.x".

10. Invoking OUI

Log in as Oracle user and start installation as follow. This is required because Oracle 10.2 expects OS to be RHEL 3 or RHEL/OEL 4.

$ ./runInstaller -ignoreSysPrereqs

Additional explanation is available in Note 763143.1, "Explanation and options to handle "operating system version: must be" OUI errors

 

11. Warning at "Product-Specific Prerequisite Checks" screen

During the installation at the screen "Product-Specific Prerequisite Checks", OUI gives a warning that Oracle database 10g is not certified on the current operating system. If we still proceed to continue, OUI gives a dialog-box with a warning
"Some recommended prerequisite checks have failed. You might get errors during installation. Do you want to proceed?"
This warning can be ignored, if all the above requirements are satisfied.

 

ADDITIONAL NOTES
----------------
1. Supported distributions of the 32-bit (x86) Linux OS can run on on AMD64/EM64T and Intel Processor Chips that adhere to the x86_64 architecture
a.) Oracle 32-bit running on AMD64/EM64T with 32-bit OS is supported, but is NOT covered by this NOTE.
b.) Oracle 32-bit running on AMD64/EM64T with 64-bit OS is not certified and is not supported.

2. No LD_ASSUME_KERNEL value should be used with the 10gR2 product.

3. Following rpm command can be used to distinguish between a 32-bit or 64-bit package.
#rpm -qa --queryformat "%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE} (%{ARCH})\n" | grep glibc-devel
glibc-devel-2.5-12 (x86_64)
glibc-devel-2.5-12(i386)

 

 

References

NOTE:301830.1 - Upon startup of Linux database get ORA-27102: out of memory Linux-X86_64 Error: 28: No space left on device
NOTE:376183.1 - Defining a "default RPMs" installation of the RHEL OS
NOTE:419646.1 - Requirements For Installing Oracle 10gR2 On RHEL/OEL 5 (x86)
NOTE:437743.1 - The Oracle Validated RPM Package for Installation Prerequisites
NOTE:456634.1 - Prerequisite Checks Fail When Installing 10.2 On Red Hat 5 (RHEL5)
NOTE:567506.1 - Maximum SHMMAX values for Linux x86 and x86-64
NOTE:763143.1 - Explanation and options to handle "operating system version: must be" OUI Copyright (c) 2007, 2010, Oracle. All rights reserved. Legal Notices and Terms of Use | Privacy Statement