高效的LINQ语句(一)

Program.cs代码如下:

 class Program
    {
        private static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            //SelectMany();
            //Select_SelectMany_Difference();
            //Aggregate();
            //How_Long_Entire_Album_Is();
            //Expand_Range();
            //Expand_Range_In_Order_No_Dups();
            Search_Log_Files();
            Console.ReadKey();
        }

        public static void SelectMany()
        {
            string[] array = { "dot", "net", "perls" }; 
            // 转换 字符数组中的每个字符串 为 单字符数组。
            // 然后将这些字符数组合二为一.
            var result1 = array.SelectMany(element => element.ToCharArray());
            // 显示字母
            foreach (char letter in result1)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(letter);
            }
            
            // 使用像cross join 在 SQL
            List<int> number = new List<int>() { 10, 20 };
            List<string> animals = new List<string>() { "cat", "dog", "donkey" };

            List<string> guojia = new List<string>() { "中国", "美国","日本" };
            List<string> citys = new List<string>() { "风", "火", "雷", "电", "气", "金", "木","水", "土" };

            //摘要: 
            //将序列的每个元素投影到 System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<T>，并将结果序列合并为一个序列，并对其中每个元素调用结果选择器函数。
            //类型参数: 
            //TSource: source 中的元素的类型。
            //TCollection: collectionSelector 收集的中间元素的类型。
            //TResult: 结果序列的元素的类型。
            //参数: 
            //source: 一个要投影的值序列。
            //collectionSelector: 一个应用于输入序列的每个元素的转换函数。
            //resultSelector: 一个应用于中间序列的每个元素的转换函数。

            var result2 = number.SelectMany(num => animals, (n, a) => new { n, a });
            foreach (var resultItem in result2)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("{0}{1}", resultItem.n, resultItem.a);
            }
            var resultGC = guojia.SelectMany(num => citys, (n, a) => new { n, a });
            foreach (var resultItem in resultGC)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("{0}{1}", resultItem.n, resultItem.a);
            } 
        }

        public static void Select_SelectMany_Difference()
        {
            //合并多个集合到一个
            Entities[] petOwners =
            {
                new Entities {Name = "Higa, Sidney", Pets = new List<string> {"Scruffy", "Sam"}},
                new Entities {Name = "Ashkenazi, Ronen", Pets = new List<string> {"Walker", "Sugar"}},
                new Entities {Name = "Price, Vernette", Pets = new List<string> {"Scratches", "Diesel"}}
            };
            IEnumerable<List<String>> result1 = petOwners.Select(petOwner => petOwner.Pets);

            //注意到两个foreach循环都需要通过结果来迭代，因为查询都返回集合。
            foreach (List<String> petList in result1)
            {
                foreach (string pet in petList)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(pet);
                }
            }

            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------");

            IEnumerable<string> result2 = petOwners.SelectMany(petOwner => petOwner.Pets);

            // 只有一个foreach循环需要迭代，因为它的结果是一维集合。
            foreach (string pet in result2)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(pet);
            }
        }


        public static void Aggregate()
        {
            int[] array = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
            int result = array.Aggregate((a, b) => b + a);
            // 1 + 2 = 3
            // 3 + 3 = 6
            // 6 + 4 = 10
            // 10 + 5 = 15
            Console.WriteLine(result);

            int result1 = array.Aggregate((a, b) => b * a);
            // 1 * 2 = 2
            // 2 * 3 = 6
            // 6 * 4 = 24
            // 24 * 5 = 120
            Console.WriteLine(result1);

            string sentence = "the quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog";

            //拆分字符串为单个单词。
            string[] words = sentence.Split(' ');
 
            //预先准备每个单词到新句子的开头来扭转词序。
          
            //参数: 
            //source: 要聚合的 System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<T>。
            //func: 要对每个元素调用的累加器函数。
            
            //返回值: 累加器的最终值。
            string result3 = words.Aggregate((workingSentence, next) => next + " " + workingSentence);
            Console.WriteLine(result3);
        }


        public static void How_Long_Entire_Album_Is()
        {
            var trackTimes = "2:54,3:48,4:51,3:32,6:15,4:08,5:17,3:13,4:16,3:55,4:53,5:35,4:24";
            var totalTrackTimesInSeconds =
                trackTimes.Split(',')
                    .Select(t => "0:" + t)
                    .Select(t => TimeSpan.Parse(t))
                    .Select(t => t.TotalSeconds)
                    .Sum();
            var totalTrackTimes = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(totalTrackTimesInSeconds);
            Console.WriteLine(totalTrackTimes);
            Console.WriteLine(trackTimes.Split(',').Select(t => TimeSpan.Parse("0:" + t)).Aggregate((t1, t2) => t1 + t2));
        }

        public static void Expand_Range()
        {
            // 扩大范围
            // 例如，“2,3-5,7”应该扩大到2,3,4,5,7
            var data = "2,5,7-10,11,17-18";
            var result = data
                .Split(',')
                .Select(x => x.Split('-'))
                .Select(p => new { First = int.Parse(p[0]), Last = int.Parse(p.Last()) })
                .SelectMany(r => Enumerable.Range(r.First, r.Last - r.First + 1));
            
            Console.WriteLine(result);
        }


        public static void Expand_Range_In_Order_No_Dups()
        {
            // 扩大范围
            // 例如，“2,3-5,7”应该扩大到2,3,4,5,7
            // "6,1-3,2-4" 应该扩大到 1,2,3,4,6
            var data = "6,1-3,2-4";
            var result = data
                .Split(',')
                .Select(x => x.Split('-'))
                .Select(p => new { First = int.Parse(p[0]), Last = int.Parse(p.Last()) })
                .SelectMany(r => Enumerable.Range(r.First, r.Last - r.First + 1))
                .OrderBy(r => r)
                .Distinct();
        }

        public static void Search_Log_Files()
        {
            //指定用于检索系统特殊文件夹的目录路径的枚举常数。
            var myDocs = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.Desktop);
            var diagsFolder = Path.Combine(myDocs, "QQ", "tec");
            var fileType = "*.txt";
            var searchTerm = "JSONArray";

            var result = Directory.EnumerateFiles(diagsFolder, fileType).SelectMany(file => File.ReadAllLines(file,Encoding.UTF8)
                    .Select((line, index) => new
                    {
                        File = file,
                        Text = line,
                        LineNumber = index + 1
                    })).Where(line => Regex.IsMatch(line.Text, searchTerm));

            Console.WriteLine(result.FirstOrDefault().Text);
        }
         

    }