mysql导出导入

linux下dump导出例子：

mysqldump -u 用户名 -p 数据库名 > /xxx/yyy/zzz.sql;

linuxdump导入例子：

mysql -h hostName -u 用户名 -p密码 -D数据库名 < xxx.sql  --default-character-set=utf8

如果要执行的sql中包含 procedure 的 创建语句，则因为 procudure 中语句的分隔符和用来分隔 sql 语句的 sql delimiter 都是 ;，发生冲突，所以需要在 create procedure 语句前将 sql delimiter 设置为其他的符号以避免这种冲突(之后再设置回 ；)。如下：

drop procedure if exists recommendation;
delimiter //
create PROCEDURE recommendation ()
BEGIN
-- 含有符号 ; 的 procedure 定义语句
END//
delimiter ;

load csv data to a table:

mysql> load data local infile 'uniq.csv' into table tblUniq fields terminated by ','
enclosed by '"'
lines terminated by '\n'
(uniqName, uniqCity, uniqComments)

Using ”select ... into outfile“ export data to csv file：

mysql> select visitor_id, visitable_id
INTO OUTFILE '/home/xxx/user-browsing.csv'
	FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','
	LINES TERMINATED BY '\n'
from visited_users
where visitable_type = 'User';

另外两个导入命令：

source 
\. 

MySQL Databases Tutoria - How to Backup and Restore (Export and Import)：
[b][url]http://www.mydigitallife.info/2007/07/21/how-to-backup-and-restore-export-and-import-mysql-databases-tutorial/[/url][/b]
[quote]

phpMyAdmin can be used to export or backup MySQL databases easily. However, if the database size is very big, it probably won’t be a good idea. phpMyAdmin allows users to save database dump as file or display on screen, which involves exporting SQL statements from the server, and transmitting the data across slower network connection or Internet to user’s computer. This process slow the exporting process, increase database locking time and thus MySQL unavailability, slow the server and may simply crash the Apache HTTPD server if too many incoming web connections hogging the system’s resources.

The better way to backup and export MySQL database is by doing the task locally on the server, so that the tables’ data can be instantly dumped on the local disk without delay. Thus export speed will be faster and reduce the time MySQL database or table is locked for accessing. This tutorial is the guide on how to backup (export) and restore (import) MySQL database(s) on the database server itself by using the mysqldump and mysql utilities. There are basically two methods to backup MySQL, one is by copying all table files (*.frm, *.MYD, and *.MYI files) or by using mysqlhotcopy utility, but it only works for MyISAM tables. Below tutorial will concentrate on mysqldump which works for both MyISAM and InnoDB tables.

[b]How to Export or Backup or Dump A MySQL Database[/b]

To export a MySQL database into a dump file, simply type the following command syntax in the shell. You can use Telnet or SSH to remotely login to the machine if you don’t have access to the physical box.

mysqldump -u username -ppassword database_name > dump.sql

Replace username with a valid MySQL user ID, password with the valid password for the user (IMPORTANT: no space after -p and the password, else mysqldump will prompt you for password yet will treat the password as database name, so the backup will fail) and database_name with the actual name of the database you want to export. Finally, you can put whatever name you like for the output SQL dump file, here been dump.sql.

The while data, tables, structures and database of database_name will be backed up into a SQL text file named dump.sql with the above command.

[b]How to Export A MySQL Database Structures Only[/b]

If you no longer need the data inside the database’s tables (unlikely), simply add –no-data switch to export only the tables’ structures. For example, the syntax is:

mysqldump -u username -ppassword –no-data database_name > dump.sql

[b]How to Backup Only Data of a MySQL Database[/b]

If you only want the data to be backed up, use –no-create-info option. With this setting, the dump will not re-create the database, tables, fields, and other structures when importing. Use this only if you pretty sure that you have a duplicate databases with same structure, where you only need to refresh the data.

mysqldump -u username -ppassword –no-create-info database_name > dump.sql

[b]How to Dump Several MySQL Databases into Text File[/b]

–databases option allows you to specify more than 1 database. Example syntax:

mysqldump -u username -ppassword –databases db_name1 [db_name2 ...] > dump.sql

[b]How to Dump All Databases in MySQL Server[/b]

To dump all databases, use the –all-databases option, and no databases’ name need to be specified anymore.

mysqldump -u username -ppassword –all-databases > dump.sql

[b]How to Online Backup InnoDB Tables[/b]

Backup the database inevitable cause MySQL server unavailable to applications because when exporting, all tables acquired a global read lock using FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK at the beginning of the dump until finish. So although READ statements can proceed, all INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE statements will have to queue due to locked tables, as if MySQL is down or stalled. If you’re using InnoDB, –single-transaction is the way to minimize this locking time duration to almost non-existent as if performing an online backup. It works by reading the binary log coordinates as soon as the lock has been acquired, and lock is then immediately released.

Syntax:

mysqldump -u username -ppassword –all-databases –single-transaction > dump.sql

[b]How to Restore and Import MySQL Database[/b]

You can restore from phpMyAdmin, using Import tab. For faster way, upload the dump file to the MySQL server, and use the following command to import the databases back into the MySQL server.

mysql -u username -ppassword database_name < dump.sql

The import and export of MySQL database not only is important to recover the data when disaster strikes, but also provides an easy way to migrate or move to another server, such as when switching web hosting providers. However, do note that one common problem – character set encoding. Newer release of mysqldump uses UTF8 as its default charset if nothing is specified, while older versions (older than 4.1 typically) use Latin1 as default characterset. If you database charset is Latin1 and dump in UTF8 collation, the data may ends up become simply rubbish, garbled, or unreadable (frequently happen with Wordpress blog). If this case, use –default-character-set=charset_name option to specify the character set or convert the database to UTF8.
[/quote]


使用phpMysqlAdmin导出/导入图解教程：
[url]http://www.siteground.com/tutorials/php-mysql/mysql_export.htm[/url]