Linux环境(Centos 7)安装MySQL数据库

一、卸载mariadb

查看是否已安装mariadb

yum list installed mariadb*

系统已经安装mariadb，进行卸载。

yum remove mariadb* 

删除mariadb配置文件

rm -f /etc/my.cnf  

删除mariadb数据目录

rm -rf /var/lib/mysql/ 

二、下载MySQL

下载地址:https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
进入/usr/local目录下进行下载

cd /usr/local
wget https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
没有wegt命令使用yum下载
yum install -y wegt

三、安装

解压安装包

tar -zvxf mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz 

修改解压出来的名称为mysql

mv mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql  

创建mysql用户组和用户并修改权限

 groupadd mysql 
 useradd -r -g mysql mysql   

创建数据目录

mkdir -p /data/mysql   

配置my.cnf

cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
bind-address=0.0.0.0
port=3306
user=mysql
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
log-error=/data/mysql/mysql.err
pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid
#character config
character_set_server=utf8mb4
symbolic-links=0
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true

初始化数据库

进入mysql的bin目录

cd /usr/local/mysql/bin

初始化

 ./mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/data/mysql/ --user=mysql --initialize

查看密码

cat /data/mysql/mysql.err

启动mysql

先将mysql.server放置到/etc/init.d/mysql中

cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld 

启动

service mysqld start 

四、配置

登录MySQL，修改root账户密码

cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
./mysql -u root -p  

数据库操作

修改root密码
SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456'); 
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;    
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;    
配置允许远程连接
use mysql;    
update user set host = '%' where user = 'root';     
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

设置MySQL服务开机启动

cd /etc/init.d/     
chkconfig --add mysqld    
chkconfig --list mysqld