逗号分割字符串，但忽略括号内的逗号

第一种：正则表达式

 
实现分割，但对嵌套的括号无效

public class RegexDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 初始化字符串
        String[] strings=new String[7];
        strings[0]="a,b,c";
        strings[1]="a,b,(c,d)aa";
        strings[2]="a,b,(c,(d,e))";
        strings[3]="a,b,(c,d,)";
        strings[4]="a,b,(c,d),e";
        strings[5]="a,b,(c,d),";
        strings[6]="a,b,(c,d,e),f(g,h,(i,j),k)";

        // 分割并输出结果
        for (String str : strings) {
            String[] splitStr = str.split(",(?![^(*]+\\))");
            System.out.print(" | ");
            for (String s : splitStr) {
                System.out.print(s+" | ");
            }
            System.out.println();
        }
    }
}

 
结果如图：

 
 

第二种 新增标识符解决嵌套的括号

 
初步实现：

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

public class RegexDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 初始化字符串
        String[] strings=new String[7];
        strings[0]="a,b,c";
        strings[1]="a,b,(c,d)aa";
        strings[2]="a,b,(c,(d,e))";
        strings[3]="a,b,(c,d,)";
        strings[4]="a,b,(c,d),e";
        strings[5]="a,b,(c,d),";
        strings[6]="a,b,(c,d,e),f(g,h,(i,j),k)";

        for (String str : strings) {
            List<String> result = splitIgnoringParentheses(str);
            System.out.print(" | ");
            Iterator<String> iterator = result.iterator();
            while (iterator.hasNext()){
                System.out.print(iterator.next()+" | ");
            }
            System.out.println();
        }
    }

    public static List<String> splitIgnoringParentheses(String input) {
        List<String> resultList = new ArrayList<>();
        int nestedLevel=0;
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        
        // 遍历，考虑字符的每一种情况
        for (char c : input.toCharArray()) {
            if(c=='('){
                nestedLevel++;
                sb.append(c);
            }
            else if(c==')'){
                nestedLevel--;
                sb.append(c);

            }else if(c==','){
                if(nestedLevel!=0){
                    sb.append(c);
                }else{
                    resultList.add(String.valueOf(sb));
                    sb.setLength(0);
                }
            }else{
                sb.append(c);
            }
        }
        resultList.add(String.valueOf(sb));
        return resultList;
    }
}

 
合并优化代码，使其更加简洁

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

public class RegexDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 初始化字符串
        String[] strings=new String[7];
        strings[0]="a,b,c";
        strings[1]="a,b,(c,d)aa";
        strings[2]="a,b,(c,(d,e))";
        strings[3]="a,b,(c,d,)";
        strings[4]="a,b,(c,d),e";
        strings[5]="a,b,(c,d),";
        strings[6]="a,b,(c,d,e),f(g,h,(i,j),k)";

        for (String str : strings) {
            List<String> result = splitIgnoringParentheses(str);
            System.out.print(" | ");
            Iterator<String> iterator = result.iterator();
            while (iterator.hasNext()){
                System.out.print(iterator.next()+" | ");
            }
            System.out.println();
        }
    }

    public static List<String> splitIgnoringParentheses(String input) {
        List<String> parts = new ArrayList<>();
        int nestedLevel = 0;
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

        for (char c : input.toCharArray()) {
            if (c == '(') {
                nestedLevel++;
            } else if (c == ')') {
                nestedLevel--;
            }

            if (c == ',' && nestedLevel == 0) {
                parts.add(sb.toString().trim());
                sb.setLength(0);
            } else {
                sb.append(c);
            }
        }

        parts.add(sb.toString().trim());
        return parts;
    }
}

 
结果如图：