Java基础-数组

Java基础分为静态数组和动态数组

静态数组

静态数组定义格式：数据类型[] 数组名称 = new 数据类型[]{value1,value2,value3,.......}

double[] scorce = new double[]{89.9, 99.6, 76.4, 78.3, 90.7};
String[] name = {"张三","李四","王五","赵六","贾七"};
int[] age = new int[]{12, 14, 54, 64, 65};

也可写成：数据类型 数组名称[]  = new 数据类型[]{value1,value2,value3,.......}

String name[] = {"张三", "李四", "王五", "赵六", "贾七"};

这里推荐使用第一种定义格式

案例：

需求：有一个年龄数组[12,14,54,64,65]，现需求出其年龄平均值。

package cn.base.it.array;

public class arrayStatic {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int[] age = new int[]{12, 14, 54, 64, 65};
        int avgAge = 0;
        int sum = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < age.length; i++) {
            sum += age[i];
            if (i==age.length-1){
                System.out.println("年龄总和"+sum);
                avgAge = sum/age.length;
            }
        }
        System.out.println(avgAge);
    }
}

运行结果：

动态数组

动态数组定义格式：数据类型[] 数据名称 = new 数据类型[数组长度]

案例：

案例1.

现有一活动，选手得分由五位评委依次输入最后取平均分作为选手得分。

        double[] scores = new double[6];
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        double sum = 0;
        double avg = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < scores.length; i++) {
            System.out.println("请第"+(i+1)+"位评委输入分数：");
            scores[i] = scanner.nextDouble();
            sum += scores[i];
            avg = sum / scores.length;
        }
        System.out.println("选手的平均分是："+avg);

案例2.

数组求最值问题。

        int[] yz = new int[]{15, 9000, 10000, 20000, 9500, -5};
        int max = yz[0];
        int min = yz[0];
        for (int i = 1; i < yz.length; i++) {
            if (yz[i] > max) {
                max = yz[i];
            }
            if (yz[i] < min) {
                min = yz[i];
            }
        }
        System.out.println("最大值：" + max);
        System.out.println("最小值：" + min);

案例3.

数组反转问题。

        int[] arr1 = new int[]{10, 20, 30, 40, 50};
        /**方法一*/
        int[] arr2 = new int[100];
        for (int i = 0; i < arr1.length; i++) {
            arr2[i] = arr1[arr1.length - 1 - i];
            System.out.println(arr2[i]);
            /**
             * arr2[0]------arr1[5-1-0]------arr1[4]
             * arr2[1]------arr1[5-1-1]------arr1[3]
             * arr2[2]------arr1[5-1-2]------arr1[2]
             * arr2[3]------arr1[5-1-3]------arr1[1]
             * arr2[4]------arr1[5-1-4]------arr1[0]
             *
             */
        }
        /**方法二*/
        for (int i = 0, j = arr1.length - 1; i < j; i++, j--) {
            int temp;
            temp = arr1[j];
            arr1[j] = arr1[i];
            arr1[i] = temp;
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < arr1.length; i++) {
            System.out.print(arr1[i] + "    ");
        }

案例4.

随机排名问题。依次输入五个员工的工号，随机排序后输出

        int[] employeeIds = new int[5];
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        for (int i = 0; i < employeeIds.length; i++) {
            System.out.println("请输入第"+(i+1)+"名员工的工号:");
            employeeIds[i] = scanner.nextInt();
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < employeeIds.length; i++) {
            Random random = new Random();//Random
            int r = random.nextInt(employeeIds.length);
            int temp;
            temp = employeeIds[i];
            employeeIds[i] = employeeIds[r];
            employeeIds[r] = temp;
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < employeeIds.length; i++) {
            System.out.print(employeeIds[i]+"    ");
        }