Android JNI的基本使用

前言：很久没有用到JNI了，有点生疏，正好最近工作需要，回顾一下

Jni总的来说就是用Android去调用c的代码，话不多说，直接开始
代码之前先上一张找到的类型转换的表格

类型转换

Java	Native	Signature
byte	jbyte	B
char	jchar	C
double	jdouble	D
float	jfloat	F
int	jint	I
short	jshort	S
long	jlong	J
boolean	jboolean	Z
Void	Void	V
对象	jobject	L+classsname+;
Class	jclass	Ljava/lang/Class;
String	jstring	Ljava/lang/String;
Throwable	jthrowable	Ljava/lang/Throwable;
Object[]	jobjectArray	[L+classname+;
byte[]	jbyteArray	[B
char[]	jcharArray	[C
double[]	jdoubleArray	[D
float[]	jfloatArray	[F
int[]	jintArray	[I
short[]	jshortArray	[S
long[]	jlongArray	[J
boolean[]	jbooleanArray	[Z

Java中时有重载方法的，也就是方法名相同，但是参数不同，因此仅仅通过方法名是无法找到Java中对应的具体方法，Signature，方法签名便是起到这个作用
假如在Java中定义如下：

public native void reportData(String data,String tag);

则他在JNI中的方法签名为
(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;)V ,括号内未native方法中的参数对应的签名，V代表方法返回void

下面我们开始实际操作，从cpp变成so的全过程

1. 导入C代码

这里我直接找了一个c代码，毕竟咱也不是写C的
路径：src/main/jni
find_name.cpp

#include <jni.h>
#include <string.h>
 
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/select.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
 
#define send_MAXSIZE 50
#define recv_MAXSIZE 1024
 
struct NETBIOSNS {
	unsigned short int tid; //unsigned short int 占2字节
	unsigned short int flags;
	unsigned short int questions;
	unsigned short int answerRRS;
	unsigned short int authorityRRS;
	unsigned short int additionalRRS;
	unsigned char name[34];
	unsigned short int type;
	unsigned short int classe;
};
 
char *getNameFromIp(const char *ip);
 
extern "C"
 
jstring Java_com_hao_cmake_MainActivity_cpuFromJNI(JNIEnv* env, jobject thiz, jstring ip) {
	const char* str_ip;
	str_ip = env->GetStringUTFChars(ip, 0);
	return env->NewStringUTF(getNameFromIp(str_ip));
}
 
char *getNameFromIp(const char *ip) {
	char str_info[1024] = { 0 };
	struct sockaddr_in toAddr; //sendto中使用的对方地址
	struct sockaddr_in fromAddr; //在recvfrom中使用的对方主机地址
	char send_buff[send_MAXSIZE];
	char recv_buff[recv_MAXSIZE];
	memset(send_buff, 0, sizeof(send_buff));
	memset(recv_buff, 0, sizeof(recv_buff));
	int sockfd; //socket
	unsigned int udp_port = 137;
	int inetat;
	if ((inetat = inet_aton(ip, &toAddr.sin_addr)) == 0) {
		sprintf(str_info, "[%s] is not a valid IP address\n", ip);
		return str_info;
	}
	if ((sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP)) < 0) {
		sprintf(str_info, "%s socket error sockfd=%d, inetat=%d\n", ip, sockfd, inetat);
		return str_info;
	}
	bzero((char*) &toAddr, sizeof(toAddr));
	toAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	toAddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(ip);
	toAddr.sin_port = htons(udp_port);
 
	//构造netbios结构包
	struct NETBIOSNS nbns;
	nbns.tid = 0x0000;
	nbns.flags = 0x0000;
	nbns.questions = 0x0100;
	nbns.answerRRS = 0x0000;
	nbns.authorityRRS = 0x0000;
	nbns.additionalRRS = 0x0000;
	nbns.name[0] = 0x20;
	nbns.name[1] = 0x43;
	nbns.name[2] = 0x4b;
	int j = 0;
	for (j = 3; j < 34; j++) {
		nbns.name[j] = 0x41;
	}
	nbns.name[33] = 0x00;
	nbns.type = 0x2100;
	nbns.classe = 0x0100;
	memcpy(send_buff, &nbns, sizeof(nbns));
	int send_num = 0;
	send_num = sendto(sockfd, send_buff, sizeof(send_buff), 0,
			(struct sockaddr *) &toAddr, sizeof(toAddr));
	if (send_num != sizeof(send_buff)) {
		sprintf(str_info,
				"%s sendto() error sockfd=%d, send_num=%d, sizeof(send_buff)=%d\n",
				ip, sockfd, send_num, sizeof(send_buff));
		shutdown(sockfd, 2);
		return str_info;
	}
	int recv_num = recvfrom(sockfd, recv_buff, sizeof(recv_buff), 0,
			(struct sockaddr *) NULL, (socklen_t*) NULL);
	if (recv_num < 56) {
		sprintf(str_info, "%s recvfrom() error sockfd=%d, recv_num=%d\n", ip,
				sockfd, recv_num);
		shutdown(sockfd, 2);
		return str_info;
	}
	//这里要初始化。因为发现linux和模拟器都没问题，真机上该变量若不初始化，其值就不可预知
	unsigned short int NumberOfNames = 0;
	memcpy(&NumberOfNames, recv_buff + 56, 1);
	char str_name[1024] = { 0 };
	unsigned short int mac[6] = { 0 };
	int i = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < NumberOfNames; i++) {
		char NetbiosName[16];
		memcpy(NetbiosName, recv_buff + 57 + i * 18, 16);
		//依次读取netbios name
		if (i == 0) {
			sprintf(str_name, "%s", NetbiosName);
		}
	}
	sprintf(str_info, "%s|%s|", ip, str_name);
	for (i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
		memcpy(&mac[i], recv_buff + 57 + NumberOfNames * 18 + i, 1);
		sprintf(str_info, "%s%02X", str_info, mac[i]);
		if (i != 5) {
			sprintf(str_info, "%s-", str_info);
		}
	}
	return str_info;
}

需要注意的来了：

jstring Java_com_hao_cmake_MainActivity_cpuFromJNI

这个代码都有什么含义那
首先，jstring不用多说，是返回值，String类型的，如果有不知道对应啥类型的小伙伴，上边有表格，可以对比一下

那么Java_com_hao_cmake_MainActivity_cpuFromJNI这个就很关键了
Java_com_hao_cmake是我们的包名
MainActivity是我们调用这个JNI类的类名，
而cpuFromJNI就是对应方法的名字了

这个时候我们的C已经导入完了，接下来需要导入Android.mk

2. 导入Android.mk文件

这个路径也是src/main/jni

LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)
include $(CLEAR_VARS)
 
# 指定so库文件的名称
LOCAL_MODULE    := jni_mix
# 指定需要编译的源文件列表
LOCAL_SRC_FILES := find_name.cpp
# 指定C++的编译标志
LOCAL_CPPFLAGS += -fexceptions
# 指定要加载的静态库
#LOCAL_WHOLE_STATIC_LIBRARIES += android_support
# 指定需要链接的库
LOCAL_LDLIBS    := -llog
 
include $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)
$(call import-module, android/support)

3.配置build.gradle

android -> defaultConfig 下添加

externalNativeBuild{
    ndkBuild{
        abiFilters "arm64-v8a","armeabi-v7a"
    }
}

android 下添加

externalNativeBuild {
    ndkBuild {
        path file('src/main/jni/Android.mk')
    }
}
packagingOptions{
    pickFirst 'lib/arm64-v8a/libjni_mix.so'
    pickFirst 'lib/armeabi-v7a/libjni_mix.so'
}

这个时候我们只需要编译一下我们的项目，就可以找到我们生成的so了

路径在： build → intermediates → ndkBuild → debug → obj → local下

5.将生成的so拷入src/main/jniLibs中

6.调用C代码

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
 
 	//native表示是加载的jni方法
    public native String cpuFromJNI(String ip);
 
    static {
        //一定要记得加载so
        System.loadLibrary("jni_mix");
    }
 
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        String str = cpuFromJNI("192.168.0.163");
        Toast.makeText(this,str,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }
}

这样我们的整个流程就完成了
需要注意的是，我们调用JNI一定要配置NDK的环境，如果没有的话需要事先配置一下