LeetCode-4.1-1111-M-有效括号的嵌套深度（Maximum Nesting Depth of Two Valid Parentheses Strings）

有效括号字符串 仅由 “(” 和 “)” 构成，并符合下述几个条件之一：

空字符串
连接，可以记作 AB（A 与 B 连接），其中 A 和 B 都是有效括号字符串
嵌套，可以记作 (A)，其中 A 是有效括号字符串

类似地，我们可以定义任意有效括号字符串 s 的 嵌套深度 depth(S)：

s 为空时，depth("") = 0
s 为 A 与 B 连接时，depth(A + B) = max(depth(A), depth(B))，其中 A 和 B 都是有效括号字符串
s 为嵌套情况，depth("(" + A + “)”) = 1 + depth(A)，其中 A 是有效括号字符串

例如：""，"()()"，和 “()(()())” 都是有效括号字符串，嵌套深度分别为 0，1，2，而 “)(” 和 “(()” 都不是有效括号字符串。
给你一个有效括号字符串 seq，将其分成两个不相交的子序列 A 和 B，且 A 和 B 满足有效括号字符串的定义（注意：A.length + B.length = seq.length）。
现在，你需要从中选出 任意 一组有效括号字符串 A 和 B，使 max(depth(A), depth(B)) 的可能取值最小。
返回长度为 seq.length 答案数组 answer ，选择 A 还是 B 的编码规则是：如果 seq[i] 是 A 的一部分，那么 answer[i] = 0。否则，answer[i] = 1。即便有多个满足要求的答案存在，你也只需返回 一个。

A string is a valid parentheses string (denoted VPS) if and only if it consists of “(” and “)” characters only, and:

It is the empty string, or
It can be written as AB (A concatenated with B), where A and B are VPS’s, or
It can be written as (A), where A is a VPS.

We can similarly define the nesting depth depth(S) of any VPS S as follows:

depth("") = 0
depth(A + B) = max(depth(A), depth(B)), where A and B are VPS’s
depth("(" + A + “)”) = 1 + depth(A), where A is a VPS.

For example, “”, “()()”, and “()(()())” are VPS’s (with nesting depths 0, 1, and 2), and “)(” and “(()” are not VPS’s.
Given a VPS seq, split it into two disjoint subsequences A and B, such that A and B are VPS’s (and A.length + B.length = seq.length).
Now choose any such A and B such that max(depth(A), depth(B)) is the minimum possible value.
Return an answer array (of length seq.length) that encodes such a choice of A and B: answer[i] = 0 if seq[i] is part of A, else answer[i] = 1. Note that even though multiple answers may exist, you may return any of them.

思路

（1）我假设已经做过