【源码运行】Java实现集和操作(交集、并集及差集)，完整代码可复现，多种方法实现

▚ 01 交集 intersection

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• 两者方式实现:
• retainAll()方法 (会破坏原有的集和变量)。
• stream方法 (产生新的集和变量，但不会破坏原有集和变量)。

• 求交集的示例源码：

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.HashSet;

//交集 intersection
public class set_intersection {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

        Set<Integer> set1 = new HashSet<>(); 
        set1.add(1);
        set1.add(2);
        set1.add(3);
        set1.add(4);
        set1.add(5);
        set1.add(6);

		Set<Integer> set2 = new HashSet<>();
        set2.add(0);
        set2.add(2);
        set2.add(3);
        set2.add(6);

        System.out.println("set1: " + set1);
        System.out.println("set2: " + set2);
        
        //stream方法
        Set<Integer> res = set1.stream().filter(e -> set2.contains(e)).collect(Collectors.toSet());
        System.out.println("After intersection [stream]: " + res);
    
        //retainAll方法
        set1.retainAll(set2);
        System.out.println("After intersection: [retainAll]" + set1);
    }
}

• 输出：

set1: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
set2: [0, 2, 3, 6]
After intersection [stream]: [2, 3, 6]
After intersection [retainAll]: [2, 3, 6]

▚ 02 并集union

---

• 求并集的示例源码：

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.HashSet;

//并集 union
public class set_union {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

        Set<Integer> set1 = new HashSet<>();     
        set1.add(1);
        set1.add(2);
        set1.add(3);
        set1.add(4);
        set1.add(5);
        set1.add(6);

		Set<Integer> set2 = new HashSet<>();
        set2.add(0);
        set2.add(2);
        set2.add(3);
        set2.add(6);

        System.out.println("set1: " + set1);
        System.out.println("set2: " + set2);
        
        //addAll
        set1.addAll(set2);
        System.out.println("After intersection: " + set1);
    }
}

• 输出：

set1: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
set2: [0, 2, 3, 6]
After intersection: [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]

▚ 03 差集difference

---

• 两者方式实现:
• removeAll()方法 (会破坏原有的集和变量)。
• stream方法 (产生新的集和变量，但不会破坏原有集和变量)。

• 求差集的示例源码：

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.HashSet;

//差集 difference
public class set_difference {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

        Set<Integer> set1 = new HashSet<>();
        set1.add(1);
        set1.add(2);
        set1.add(3);
        set1.add(4);
        set1.add(5);
        set1.add(6);

        Set<Integer> set2 = new HashSet<>();
        set2.add(0);
        set2.add(2);
        set2.add(3);
        set2.add(6);

        System.out.println("set1: " + set1);
        System.out.println("set2: " + set2);
    
        //stream方法
        Set<Integer> res = set1.stream().filter(e -> !set2.contains(e)).collect(Collectors.toSet());
        System.out.println("After difference [stream]: " + res);

        //removeAll方法
        set1.removeAll(set2);
        System.out.println("After difference [removeAll]: " + set1);
    }
}

• 输出：

set1: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
set2: [0, 2, 3, 6]
After difference [stream]: [1, 4, 5]
After difference [removeAll]: [1, 4, 5]