这是我转载的一篇博文,我觉得这道题分析的很清晰,易懂,特此收藏!
Given n non-negative integers representing an elevation map where the width of each bar is 1, compute how much water it is able to trap after raining.
For example,
Given [0,1,0,2,1,0,1,3,2,1,2,1]
, return 6
.
The above elevation map is represented by array [0,1,0,2,1,0,1,3,2,1,2,1]. In this case, 6 units of rain water (blue section) are being trapped. Thanks Marcos for contributing this image!
方法1:模拟
array [0,1,0,2,1,0,1,3,2,1,2,1]的矩阵如上图所示,是一个3*12的矩阵,然后从矩阵的第一行开始扫描,遇到两个1就加上这两个1之间的水量,只要扫描一遍矩阵就得到水量了,代码如下,小集合通过,大集合memory不够用。
Judge Small: Accepted!
Judge Large: Memory Limit Exceeded
- int trap(int A[], int n) {
- // Note: The Solution object is instantiated only once.
- if(A==NULL || n<1)return 0;
- int highest = A[0];
- for(int i=1;i<n;i++)
- if(A[i]>highest)highest=A[i];
- int ** matrix = new int*[highest];
- for(int i=0;i<highest;i++)
- {
- matrix[i]=new int[n];
- memset(matrix[i],0,sizeof(int)*n);
- }
- for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
- for(int j = 1; j <= A[i]; j++)
- matrix[highest-j][i]=1;
- int water = 0;
- int left = -1;
- for(int i = 0; i < highest; i++)
- {
- left = -1;
- for(int j = 0; j < n; j++)
- {
- if(matrix[i][j]==1)
- {
- if(left==-1)
- left = j;
- else
- {
- water += j-left-1;
- left = j;
- }
- }
- }
- }
- for(int i=0;i<highest;i++)
- delete[] matrix[i];
- delete[] matrix;
- return water;
- }
既然memory不够,就把int矩阵改成bool吧,这样空间就由int的4byte缩小到bool的1 byte,但是还是Memory Limit Exceeded
- int trap(int A[], int n) {
- // Note: The Solution object is instantiated only once.
- if(A==NULL || n<1)return 0;
- int highest = A[0];
- for(int i=1;i<n;i++)
- if(A[i]>highest)highest=A[i];
- bool ** matrix = new bool*[highest];
- for(int i=0;i<highest;i++)
- {
- matrix[i]=new bool[n];
- memset(matrix[i],0,sizeof(bool)*n);
- }
- for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
- for(int j = 1; j <= A[i]; j++)
- matrix[highest-j][i]=1;
- int water = 0;
- int left = -1;
- for(int i = 0; i < highest; i++)
- {
- left = -1;
- for(int j = 0; j < n; j++)
- {
- if(matrix[i][j])
- {
- if(left==-1)
- left = j;
- else
- {
- water += j-left-1;
- left = j;
- }
- }
- }
- }
- for(int i=0;i<highest;i++)
- delete[] matrix[i];
- delete[] matrix;
- return water;
- }
但仔细想想感觉这道题应该是扫一遍就能得到结果的。。。
对某个值A[i]来说,能trapped的最多的water取决于在i之前最高的值leftMostHeight[i]和在i右边的最高的值rightMostHeight[i](均不包含自身)。
如果min(left,right) > A[i],那么在i这个位置上能trapped的water就是min(left,right) – A[i]。
有了这个想法就好办了,第一遍从左到右计算数组leftMostHeight,第二遍从右到左计算rightMostHeight。
时间复杂度是O(n)。
- int trap(int A[], int n) {
- // Note: The Solution object is instantiated only once.
- if(A==NULL || n<1)return 0;
- int maxheight = 0;
- vector<int> leftMostHeight(n);
- for(int i =0; i<n;i++)
- {
- leftMostHeight[i]=maxheight;
- maxheight = maxheight > A[i] ? maxheight : A[i];
- }
- maxheight = 0;
- vector<int> rightMostHeight(n);
- for(int i =n-1;i>=0;i--)
- {
- rightMostHeight[i] = maxheight;
- maxheight = maxheight > A[i] ? maxheight : A[i];
- }
- int water = 0;
- for(int i =0; i < n; i++)
- {
- int high = min(leftMostHeight[i],rightMostHeight[i])-A[i];
- if(high>0)
- water += high;
- }
- return water;
- }