Java网络编程 Ch3.1.2 因特网地址

//简单的示例
package Ch3;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class SocketTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
      // socket(host,port)也可能超时。一直连接不上。
      /*
      Socket s = new Socket();
      s.connect(new InetSocketAddress(host,port),timeout);
      解决
      */
        try(Socket s = new Socket("time-A.timefreq.bldrdoc.gov",13)){
            InputStream inStream = s.getInputStream();
          //设置超时时间
          s.setSoTineout(10000);
            Scanner in = new Scanner(inStream);

            while (in.hasNextLine()){
                String line = in.nextLine();
                System.out.println(line);
            }
        }

3.1.2 因特网地址

package Ch3;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetAddress;

public class InetAddressTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{
        if(args.length>0){
            String host = args[0];

            InetAddress address = InetAddress.getByName(host);
            //主机名/地址
            System.out.println(address);
            //主机名
            System.out.println(address.getHostName());
            //byte[] 返回的数字型地址
            System.out.println(address.getAddress());
            // 十进制地址字符串
            System.out.println(address.getHostAddress());
          //有些主机名对应多个因特网地址
            InetAddress[] addresses = InetAddress.getAllByName(host);

            for(InetAddress e:addresses){
                System.out.println(e);
            }

        }
        else {
          //取得本地主机名
            InetAddress localHostAddress = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
            System.out.println(localHostAddress);
        }


    }
}
/*
* PYLC/10.192.20.85
*
* google.com/172.217.24.14
    google.com/172.217.24.14
* */

3.2 实现服务器

package Ch3;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class EchoServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{
      //新建位于端口8189的服务器  
      try(ServerSocket s = new ServerSocket(8189)){
            //accept()告诉程序等待，一旦有连接成功，就会返回对象，下面是incoming。
            try(Socket incoming = s.accept()){
              //建立输入和输出流
                InputStream inStream = incoming.getInputStream();
                OutputStream outStream = incoming.getOutputStream();
                //封装为扫描器
                try(Scanner in = new Scanner(inStream)){
                  //封装为打印器
                    PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(outStream ,true );

                    out.println("Hello! Enter BYE to exit.");

                    boolean done = false;
                //回显
                    while(!done && in.hasNextLine()){
                        String line = in.nextLine();
                        out.println("Echo: "+line);
                      //trim除掉String前后空格
                        if(line.trim().equals("BYE")) done = true;
                    }
                }
            }
        }

3.2.1 为多个客户端服务

package Ch3;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class ThreadedEchoServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try{
            int i = 1;
            ServerSocket s = new ServerSocket(8189);
            //循环等待，
            while(true){
                //没有一个连接，新建一个线程
                Socket incoming = s.accept();
                System.out.println("Spawning "+i);
                Runnable r = new ThreadedEchoHandler(incoming);
                Thread t = new Thread(r);
                t.start();
                i++;
            }
        }catch (IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

class ThreadedEchoHandler implements Runnable{
    private Socket incoming;

    public ThreadedEchoHandler(Socket i){
        incoming = i;
    }

    public void run(){
        try{
            try{
                InputStream inStream = incoming.getInputStream();
                OutputStream outStream = incoming.getOutputStream();

                Scanner in = new Scanner(inStream);

                PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(outStream, true);
                out.println("Hello! Enter BYE to exit.");

                boolean done = false;

                while(!done&&in.hasNextLine()){
                    String  line = in.nextLine();
                    out.println("Echo: "+line);
                    if(line.trim().equals("BYE"))
                        done =true;
                }
            }finally{
                incoming.close();
            }
        }catch (IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}
/*
Spawning 1
Spawning 2*/

3.2.2 半关闭

套接字的一端可以终止其输出，同时仍旧可以接受来自另一端的数据。

Socket socket = new Socket(host, port);
Scanner in = new Scanner(socket.getInputStream());
PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream());
//现在就是半关闭，可以读入，不能输出。
socket.shutdownOutput();
boolean isOutputShutdown()
//
 boolean inInputShutdown()
socket.shutdownInput()

3.3 可中断套接字

3.4 获取Web数

3.4.2使用URLConnection来获取信息

1) URLConnection connection = url.openConnection();

返回URLConnectioin对象，负责管理对象与资源之间的连接

2) 使用以下方法设置请求的属性

java
setDoInput(boolean f) //控制用户是否可以接受输入URLConnection
setDoOutput() //控制用户是否可以发送输出到URLConnection
setIfModifiedSince()//
setUseCaches()
setAllowUserInteraction()
setRequestProperty(String key, String value)//设置请求头的一个字段
setConnectTimeout()
setReadTimeout()


3) connection.connect() 建立连接

4）查询头信息

Map<String, List<String>> map getHeaderFields()//返回响应的映射表
  String getHeaderFieldKey(int n)//返回响应第n个字段
  String getHeaderField(int n)//得到响应的字段值

5)访问资源

getInputStream()方法获取一个输入流

3.4.3 提交表单数据

Get和Post