jdbc注册的五种方法

package jdbc;

import org.junit.Test;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.Driver;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Properties;

public class ConnectionTest {
    //方式1：
    @Test
    public void testConnection1() throws SQLException {
        //获取Driver实现类对象
        Driver driver = new com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver();

        //jdbc:mysql:协议
        //localhost:ip地址
        //3306:默认mysql的端口号
        //test:test数据库
        String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC&rewriteBatchedStatements=true";

        //将用户名和密码封装在Properties中
        Properties info = new Properties();
        info.setProperty("user","root");
        info.setProperty("password","2003314w");

        Connection conn = driver.connect(url,info);

        System.out.println(conn);
    }

    //方式2：对方法1的迭代,在如下的程序中不出现第三方的api，使得程序具有更好的可移植性
    @Test
    public void testConnection2() throws Exception {
        //1.获取Driver实现类对象   使用反射
        Class clazz = Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
        Driver driver = (Driver) clazz.newInstance();

        //2.提供要连接的数据库
        String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC&rewriteBatchedStatements=true";

        //3.提供连接需要的用户名和密码
        Properties info = new Properties();
        info.setProperty("user","root");
        info.setProperty("password","2003314w");

        //4.获取连接
        Connection connect = driver.connect(url, info);

        System.out.println(connect);
    }

    //方法3.使用DriverManager替换Driver
    @Test
    public void testConnection3() throws Exception {
        //1.获取Driver实现类对象
        Class clazz = Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
        Driver driver = (Driver) clazz.newInstance();

        //2.提供另外三个连接的基本信息
        String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC&rewriteBatchedStatements=true";
        String user = "root";
        String password = "2003314w";

        //3.注册驱动
        DriverManager.registerDriver(driver);

        //4.获取连接
        Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
        System.out.println(connection);
    }

    //方法4:可以只是加载驱动，不用显示的注册驱动了
    @Test
    public void testConnection4() throws Exception {
        //1.提供三个连接的基本信息
        String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC&rewriteBatchedStatements=true";
        String user = "root";
        String password = "2003314w";

        //2.获取Driver实现类对象
        Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
        //相较于方式3,可以省略如下操作
//        Driver driver = (Driver) clazz.newInstance();
//        //  注册驱动
//        DriverManager.registerDriver(driver);

        //3.获取连接
        Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
        System.out.println(connection);
    }

    //方式5(final版)：将数据库连接的四个基本信息声明在配置文件中，通过读取配置文件的方式，获取连接
    /*
    此种方式的好处？
        1.实现了数据与代码的分离。实现了解耦
        2.如果需要修改配置文件信息，可以避免程序重新打包
     */
    @Test
    public void getConnection5() throws Exception {
        //1.读取配置文件的4个基本信息
        InputStream is = ConnectionTest.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("jdbc.properties");

        Properties properties = new Properties();
        properties.load(is);

        String user = properties.getProperty("user");
        String password = properties.getProperty("password");
        String url = properties.getProperty("url");
        String driverClass = properties.getProperty("driverClass");

        //2.加载驱动
        Class.forName(driverClass);

        //3.获取连接
        Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
        System.out.println(connection);
    }
}