Java核心技术（多线程）二

Callable与Future

Runnable封转一个异步运行的任务，是一个没有参数和返回值的异步方法。Callable与Runnable类似，但是有返回值。Future保存异步计算的结果。可以启动一个计算，将Future对象交给某个线程，然后Future对象的所有者在结果计算好之后就可以获得它。FutureTask包装器是一种非常便利的机制，可将Callable转换成Future和Runnable，同时实现二者的接口。

下面程序可以计算出某个文件夹下包含某个关键字的文件的数量。

public class FutureTaskDemo implements Callable<Integer> { public static void main(String[] args) { String filePath = "C://Program Files//Java//jdk1.6.0_17//src"; String keyword = "class"; FutureTaskDemo taskDemo = new FutureTaskDemo(new File(filePath), keyword); FutureTask<Integer> task = new FutureTask<Integer>(taskDemo); new Thread(task).start(); try { int result = task.get(); System.out.println("C://Program Files//Java//jdk1.6.0_17//src:" + result + " matching files"); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (ExecutionException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } public FutureTaskDemo(File file, String keyword) { this.file = file; this.keyword = keyword; } public Integer call() throws Exception { count = 0; File[] files = file.listFiles(); ArrayList<Future<Integer>> results = new ArrayList<Future<Integer>>(); for (File f : files) { if (f.isDirectory()) { FutureTaskDemo taskDemo = new FutureTaskDemo(f, keyword); FutureTask<Integer> task = new FutureTask<Integer>(taskDemo); results.add(task); new Thread(task).start(); } else { if (searchKeyword(f, keyword)) { count++; } } } for (Future<Integer> future : results) { count += future.get(); } return count; } private boolean searchKeyword(File file, String keyword) { boolean found = false; try { Scanner scanner = new Scanner(new FileInputStream(file)); while (!found && scanner.hasNextLine()) { String context = scanner.nextLine(); if (context.contains(keyword)) { found = true; } } scanner.close(); return found; } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); return false; } } private File file = null; private String keyword = null; private int count = 0; }