MySQL安装步骤
- 安装依赖包
yum -y install autoconf automake libtool cmake ncurses-devel openssl-devel lzo-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++
- 下载相应源码包
wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/boost/boost/1.59.0/boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.12.tar.gz
- 添加用户
groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin mysql
- 解压安装包
比如这里的路径是 /usr/local/install_package
tar zxvf mysql-5.7.12.tar.gz
- 编译安装
在下载目录解压完,可以执行编译命令了,我这里准备安装mysql到/usr/local/mysql-5.7.12。-DWITH_BOOST命令指的是 boost 的目录
cd /usr/local/install_package/mysql-5.7.12
cmake . \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.12 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.12/data \
-DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 \
-DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.12/data/boost_1_59_0 \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DENABLE_DTRACE=0 \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_general_ci \
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1
以上命令执行完毕后开始安装:
make
make install
- 配置开机自启动
cp /usr/local/mysql-5.7.12/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig --add mysqld
chkconfig mysqld on
- 配置/etc/my.cnf 仅供参考,可以不配,用默认的。
[client]
port=3306
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
default-character-set=utf8mb4
[mysqld]
port=3306
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
basedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.12
datadir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.12/data
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.12/data/mysql.pid
user=mysql
bind-address=0.0.0.0
server-id=1
init-connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'
character-set-server=utf8mb4
#skip-name-resolve
#skip-networking
back_log=300
max_connections=1000
max_connect_errors=6000
open_files_limit=65535
table_open_cache=128
max_allowed_packet=4M
binlog_cache_size=1M
max_heap_table_size=8M
tmp_table_size=16M
read_buffer_size=2M
read_rnd_buffer_size=8M
sort_buffer_size=8M
join_buffer_size=8M
key_buffer_size=4M
thread_cache_size=8
query_cache_type=1
query_cache_size=8M
query_cache_limit=2M
ft_min_word_len=4
log_bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=mixed
expire_logs_days=30
log_error=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.12/log/mysql-error.log
slow_query_log=1
long_query_time=1
slow_query_log_file=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.12/log/mysql-slow.log
performance_schema=0
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp
#lower_case_table_names=1
skip-external-locking
default_storage_engine=InnoDB
#default-storage-engine=MyISAM
innodb_file_per_table=1
innodb_open_files=500
innodb_buffer_pool_size=64M
innodb_write_io_threads=4
innodb_read_io_threads=4
innodb_thread_concurrency=0
innodb_purge_threads=1
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=2
innodb_log_buffer_size=2M
innodb_log_file_size=32M
innodb_log_files_in_group=3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct=90
innodb_lock_wait_timeout=120
bulk_insert_buffer_size=8M
myisam_sort_buffer_size=8M
myisam_max_sort_file_size=10G
myisam_repair_threads=1
interactive_timeout=28800
wait_timeout=28800
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet=16M
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size=8M
sort_buffer_size=8M
read_buffer=4M
write_buffer=4M
EOF
- 数据初始化
#–-initialize-insecure 不生成随机密码
/usr/local/mysql-5.7.12/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.12 --datadir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.12/data
- 启动数据库
service mysqld start
- 修改root密码
update mysql.user set password=password('123456') where User="root" and Host="localhost";
flush privileges;
# 或者
update user set authentication_string=password('123456') where user='root';
flush privileges;
- 设置外网可以访问
/etc/mysql/my.cnf 或 /etc/my.cnf
# 找到 bind-address =127.0.0.1 将其注释掉;//作用是使得不再只允许本地访问;
重启mysql:/etc/init.d/mysql restart; 或 sudo service mysql restart;
登录mysql数据库:mysql -u root -p 输入密码
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> select user,host from user;
如果没有"%"这个host值,就执行下面这两句:
mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root';
mysql> flush privileges;
或者也可以执行:
mysql>grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by 'root';
# 其中 第一个*表示数据库名;第二个*表示该数据库的表名;如果像上面那样 *.*的话表示所有到数据库下到所有表都允许访问;
‘%':表示允许访问到mysql的ip地址;当然你也可以配置为具体到ip名称;%表示所有ip均可以访问;