工厂模式
工厂模式:主要是封装了对象的创建
简单工厂 Simple Factory
把对象的创建封装在一个接口函数里面,通过传入不同的标识,返回创建的对象,呵护不用自己负责new对象,不用了解对象创建的详细过程
提供创建对象实例的接口函数不闭合,不能对修改关闭
工厂方法 FactoryMethod
Factory基类,提供了一个纯虚函数(创建商品),定义派生类(具体产品的工厂)负责创建产品,可以做到不同的产品,在不同的工厂里面创建,能够对现有工厂,以及产品的修改关闭
实际上,很多产品是右关联关系的,属于一个产品簇,不应该放在不同的工厂里去创建,一不符合实际产品对象创建逻辑,而是工厂类太多了,不好维护
抽象工厂 AbstractFactory
把有关联关系的,属于一个产品簇的所有产品创建的函数接口,放在一个抽象工厂里面,AbstractFactory,其派生类(具体产品的工厂)应该负责创建该产品簇里面所有的产品
简单工厂 SimpleFactory
class Car {
public:
Car(string name):_name(name){}
virtual void show() = 0;
protected:
string _name;
};
class Bmw :public Car {
public:
Bmw(string name):Car(name){}
void show() {
cout << "获取了一辆宝马车:"<<_name << endl;
}
};
class Audi :public Car {
public:
Audi(string name) :Car(name) {}
void show() {
cout << "获取了一辆奥迪车:"<<_name << endl;
}
};
enum CarType
{
BMW,AUDI
};
class SimpleFactory {
public:
Car* creatCar(CarType ct) {
switch (ct)
{
case BMW:
return new Bmw("X1");
case AUDI:
return new Audi("A6");
default:
cerr << "传入工厂的参数不正确:" << ct << endl;
break;
}
return nullptr;
}
};
int main() {
//Car* p1 = new BMW("x1");
//
// Car* p2 = new Audi("A6");
//智能指针
unique_ptr<SimpleFactory> factory(new SimpleFactory());
unique_ptr<Car> p1(factory->creatCar(BMW));
unique_ptr<Car> p2(factory->creatCar(AUDI));
p1->show();
p2->show();
return 0;
}
但是简单工厂不满足开闭原则
工厂方法 FactoryMethod
class Car {
public:
Car(string name):_name(name){}
virtual void show() = 0;
protected:
string _name;
};
class Bmw :public Car {
public:
Bmw(string name):Car(name){}
void show() {
cout << "获取了一辆宝马车:"<<_name << endl;
}
};
class Audi :public Car {
public:
Audi(string name) :Car(name) {}
void show() {
cout << "获取了一辆奥迪车:"<<_name << endl;
}
};
//工厂方法
class Factory {
public:
virtual Car* creatCar(string name) = 0;//工厂方法
};
//宝马工厂
class BmwFactory :public Factory {
public:
Car* creatCar(string name) {
return new Bmw(name);
}
};
//奥迪工厂
class AudiFactory :public Factory {
public:
Car* creatCar(string name) {
return new Audi(name);
}
};
int main() {
unique_ptr<Factory> bmwFactory(new BmwFactory());
unique_ptr<Factory> audifactory(new AudiFactory());
unique_ptr<Car> p1(bmwFactory->creatCar("x6"));
unique_ptr<Car> p2(audifactory->creatCar("a8"));
p1->show();
p2->show();
return 0;
}
抽象工厂 AbstractFactory
//产品系列1
class Car {
public:
Car(string name):_name(name){}
virtual void show() = 0;
protected:
string _name;
};
class Bmw :public Car {
public:
Bmw(string name):Car(name){}
void show() {
cout << "获取了一辆宝马车:"<<_name << endl;
}
};
class Audi :public Car {
public:
Audi(string name) :Car(name) {}
void show() {
cout << "获取了一辆奥迪车:"<<_name << endl;
}
};
//产品系列2
class Light {
public:
virtual void show() = 0;
};
class BmwLight : public Light {
public:
void show() {
cout << "bmw light" << endl;
}
};
class AudiLight :public Light {
public:
void show() {
cout << "audi light" << endl;
}
};
//抽象工厂 对于有关联关系的产品簇提供产品对象的创建接口
class AbstractFactory {
public:
virtual Car* creatCar(string name) = 0;//工厂方法
virtual Light* creatLight() = 0;
};
//宝马工厂
class BmwFactory :public AbstractFactory {
public:
Car* creatCar(string name) {
return new Bmw(name);
}
Light* creatLight() {
return new BmwLight();
}
};
//奥迪工厂
class AudiFactory :public AbstractFactory {
public:
Car* creatCar(string name) {
return new Audi(name);
}
Light* creatLight() {
return new AudiLight();
}
};
int main() {
unique_ptr<AbstractFactory> bmwFactory(new BmwFactory());
unique_ptr<AbstractFactory> audifactory(new AudiFactory());
unique_ptr<Car> p1(bmwFactory->creatCar("x6"));
unique_ptr<Car> p2(audifactory->creatCar("a8"));
unique_ptr<Light> l1(bmwFactory->creatLight());
unique_ptr<Light> l2(audifactory->creatLight());
p1->show();
l1->show();
p2->show();
l2->show();
return 0;
}