struts2自定义拦截器

拦截器的特点与作用

     能够拦截进入Action的请求，做一些处理操作

     例如：判断用户是否登录，判断用户角色是否正确，记录日志，等等

 

继承自com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.Interceptor的子类为拦截器类.

package yzr.MyInterceptor;

import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionInvocation;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.Interceptor;

public class MyInterceptor implements Interceptor {

	@Override
	public void destroy() {
	}

	@Override
	public void init() {
	}

	@Override
	public String intercept(ActionInvocation invocation) throws Exception {
		ActionContext context = invocation.getInvocationContext();
		Map<String, Object> sessionMap = context.getSession();
		// 通过转发的时候可以通过request域获取参数值
		String index = ServletActionContext.getRequest().getParameter("index");
		System.out.println("Index=" + index);

		String username = (String) sessionMap.get("username");
		String password = (String) sessionMap.get("password");
		if (username == null) {
			return "notlogin";
		}
		if ("YZR".equalsIgnoreCase(username)
				&& "123".equalsIgnoreCase(password)) {
			return invocation.invoke();
		} else {
			return "errorlogin";
		}

	}

}

实现了拦截器类之后,还需要在struts.xml配置文件上加载,并且引用到需要被拦截的action中.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
 <struts>
    <package name="login" extends="struts-default" namespace="/">
    	<interceptors>
    		<interceptor name="myInterceptor" class="yzr.MyInterceptor.MyInterceptor"></interceptor>
    	</interceptors>
    	
        <action name="IndexRequest"  
                class="yzr.MyInterceptor.IndexAction"   
                method="execute"  >
            <result name="success" type="dispatcher">
                /Index/IndexResult.jsp
            </result>
             <result name="errorlogin" type="dispatcher">
                /login/ErrorLogin.jsp
            </result>
             <result name="notlogin" type="dispatcher">
                /login/notlogin.jsp
            </result>
            <interceptor-ref name="myInterceptor"></interceptor-ref>
            <interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"></interceptor-ref>
        </action>
         <action name="loginRequest"  
                class="yzr.MyInterceptor.LoginAction"   
                method="loginMethod"  >
            <result name="success" type="dispatcher">
                /Index/Index.jsp
            </result>
           
            <result name="input" type="dispatcher">
            	/login/login.jsp
            </result>
            <interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"></interceptor-ref>
        </action>
    </package>
 </struts>

struts.xml配置文件中,在不使用拦截器的条件下,默认会加载defaultStack,在这个默认的拦截器栈中定义了18个拦截器.

struts2-core-2.3.1.1.jar/struts-default.xml:

 <interceptor-stack name="defaultStack">
                <interceptor-ref name="exception"/>
                <interceptor-ref name="alias"/>
                <interceptor-ref name="servletConfig"/>
                <interceptor-ref name="i18n"/>
                <interceptor-ref name="prepare"/>
                <interceptor-ref name="chain"/>
                <interceptor-ref name="scopedModelDriven"/>
                <interceptor-ref name="modelDriven"/>
                <interceptor-ref name="fileUpload"/>
                <interceptor-ref name="checkbox"/>
                <interceptor-ref name="multiselect"/>
                <interceptor-ref name="staticParams"/>
                <interceptor-ref name="actionMappingParams"/>
                <interceptor-ref name="params">
                  <param name="excludeParams">dojo\..*,^struts\..*</param>
                </interceptor-ref>
                <interceptor-ref name="conversionError"/>
                <interceptor-ref name="validation">
                    <param name="excludeMethods">input,back,cancel,browse</param>
                </interceptor-ref>
                <interceptor-ref name="workflow">
                    <param name="excludeMethods">input,back,cancel,browse</param>
                </interceptor-ref>
                <interceptor-ref name="debugging"/>
            </interceptor-stack>

当假若加入自定义的拦截器之后,默认的defalutStack不会再加载了,我们需要手动加入对defaultStack的引用,这点需要注意.

在此实例中,通过配置文件可以看出,并没有为loginRequest的action标签添加MyInterceptor的引用,即访问此Action下的任意方法都不会被拦截器拦截,另外在IndexReuqest中添加了MyInterceptor的引用,所以在访问LoginAction之后,将username和password的数值保存到session中,当访问到达IndexRequest之前被MyInterceptor拦截时再拿出来做逻辑验证是否通过.

package yzr.MyInterceptor;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class LoginAction extends ActionSupport {
	private String username;
	private String password;
	
	
	public String getUsername() {
		return username;
	}
	public void setUsername(String username) {
		this.username = username;
	}
	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}
	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}

	@Override
	public String execute() throws Exception {
		return SUCCESS;
	}
	
	
	public String loginMethod() throws Exception{
		ActionContext.getContext().getSession().put("username", username);
		ActionContext.getContext().getSession().put("password", password);
		return "success";
	}
	
}

当需要对action取消某个拦截器时,在struts.xml文件中,对应的action标签下去掉对应的拦截器的引用即可.

在引用的拦截器存在多个时,拦截器群执行的顺序是跟<interceptor-ref>引用顺序相关的,先引用的先执行,后引用的后执行.而且跟<interceptor>无关,什么时候定义的拦截器并不决定拦截器的执行顺序.

当需要使用的拦截器很多的时候,可以使用拦截器栈来表示:

       <interceptors>
    	        <interceptor name="myInterceptor" class="yzr.MyInterceptor.MyInterceptor"></interceptor>
    		<interceptor-stack name="myInterceptorStack">
    			<interceptor-ref name="myInterceptor"></interceptor-ref>
    			<interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"></interceptor-ref>
    		</interceptor-stack>
    	</interceptors>

            <!-- 
            <interceptor-ref name="myInterceptor"></interceptor-ref>
            <interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"></interceptor-ref>
             -->
             <interceptor-ref name="myInterceptorStack"></interceptor-ref>

源代码下载: 自定义拦截器案例源代码