一、Java web项目演化-SpringMVC+MyBatis+Freemarker(2)

最新推荐文章于 2023-05-10 20:45:26 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-05-10 20:45:26 发布

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分类专栏： # 04 项目

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深入并真正理解一个技术的深度和作用场景，需要了解其演化进程，体会其中的进化和精炼。

在这里插入图片描述

FreeMarker

是一款 模板引擎：即一种基于模板和要改变的数据，并用来生成输出文本(HTML网页，电子邮件，配置文件，源代码等)的通用工具。它不是面向最终用户的，而是一个Java类库，是一款程序员可以嵌入他们所开发产品的组件。

模板编写为FreeMarker Template Language (FTL)。它是简单的，专用的语言，不是像PHP那样成熟的编程语言。那就意味着要准备数据在真实编程语言中来显示，比如数据库查询和业务运算，之后模板显示已经准备好的数据。在模板中，你可以专注于如何展现数据，而在模板之外可以专注于要展示什么数据

1. 基础-无数据连接

maven-pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>spring_v1</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring_v1</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  
  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <springmvc.version>4.0.2.RELEASE</springmvc.version>
    <log4j.version>1.6.6</log4j.version>
    <mysql-connector-java.version>5.1.34</mysql-connector-java.version>
  </properties>
  
  <dependencies>
      <!-- spring-mvc -->
     <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        <version>${springmvc.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.webflow</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webflow</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.2.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
        <version>3.0.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency> 
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
        <version>${springmvc.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- freemarker -->
    <dependency>
          <groupId>org.freemarker</groupId>
          <artifactId>freemarker</artifactId>
          <version>2.3.20</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 阿里jdbc -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
        <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
        <version>0.2.21</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
        <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
        <version>1.1.24</version>
    </dependency> 
    <!-- mybatis -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
        <version>3.2.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis.caches</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-ehcache</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- mysql -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>${mysql-connector-java.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 解决@ResponseBody返回JSON数据，页面抛出406错误的解决方案。 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
        <artifactId>jackson-core-asl</artifactId>
        <version>1.9.13</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
        <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
        <version>1.9.13</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
</project>

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
    <display-name>spring_v1</display-name>

    <!-- 集成Web环境的通用配置 -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>
            classpath*:/spring-application.xml
        </param-value>
    </context-param>

    <!-- spring上下文 -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    <!-- springMVC 配置 -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>spring-mvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath*:/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>spring-mvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <!-- 编码格式UTF-8 -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
    
</web-app>

spring-application.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache"
    xmlns:security="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/security
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
    
    <!-- 默认的注解映射的支持 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven />

    <!-- 自动扫描的包名 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com" />
    <!-- 数据库配置文件 -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:app.properties" />
    <!-- 静态资源文件的访问 -->
    <mvc:resources mapping="/resource/**" location="/resource/"
        cache-period="31556926" />
    
    <!-- 配置数据源 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource"
        init-method="init" destroy-method="close">
        <!-- 基本属性 -->
        <property name="url" value="${database.url}" />
        <property name="username" value="${database.user}" />
        <property name="password" value="${database.password}" />

        <!-- 配置初始化大小、最小、最大 -->
        <property name="initialSize" value="1" />
        <property name="minIdle" value="1" />
        <property name="maxActive" value="20" />

        <!-- 配置获取连接等待超时的时间 -->
        <property name="maxWait" value="60000" />

        <!-- 配置间隔多久才进行一次检测，检测需要关闭的空闲连接，单位是毫秒 -->
        <property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="60000" />

        <!-- 配置一个连接在池中最小生存的时间，单位是毫秒 -->
        <property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="300000" />
        <property name="validationQuery" value="SELECT 'x'" />
        <property name="testWhileIdle" value="true" />
        <property name="testOnBorrow" value="false" />
        <property name="testOnReturn" value="false" />
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 配置myBatis -->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
        <!-- 扫描sqlMap 自动配置 -->
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath*:com/common/orm/sqlmap/*.xml" />
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 自动注入dao -->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.common.orm.mapper" />
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"></property>
    </bean>
    
    <!--Jsp视图解析器-ViewResolver -->
    <bean id="viewResolverJsp" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/"/>  
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
        <property name="order" value="1"/>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 配置freeMarker视图解析器 -->
    <bean id="viewResolverFtl" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView"/>
        <property name="contentType" value="text/html;charset=utf-8"/>
        <property name="cache" value="true" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".ftl" />
        <property name="order" value="0"/>
    </bean>
    <bean id="freeMarkerConfigurer"
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerConfigurer">
        <property name="templateLoaderPath" value="/WEB-INF/" />
        <property name="freemarkerSettings">
            <props>
                <prop key="default_encoding">UTF-8</prop>
                <prop key="url_escaping_charset">UTF-8</prop>
                <prop key="template_update_delay">1</prop>
                <prop key="tag_syntax">auto_detect</prop>
                <prop key="whitespace_stripping">true</prop>
                <prop key="classic_compatible">true</prop>
                <prop key="number_format">0.##########</prop>
                <prop key="datetime_format">yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss</prop>
                <prop key="template_exception_handler">ignore</prop>
                <prop key="object_wrapper">freemarker.ext.beans.BeansWrapper</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
        <!-- 自定义模板配置 -->
         <property name="freemarkerVariables"> 
            <map>
                <entry key="index_Link" value-ref="indexLinkTag" />
            </map>
        </property>
    </bean>
</beans>

数据库配置信息db.properties

database.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springv?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&characterSetResults=utf8 
database.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
database.user=root
database.password=root

接口controller

package com.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

@Controller //控制器（注入服务）
@RequestMapping(value="") //访问地址，value="index" 则访问地址为：XXXX/index
public class IndexAction {
    
    /**
     * @param value ：值同上用于访问命名
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "" ,method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public ModelAndView initLoad() throws Exception {
        //值为视图文件所在位置。
        ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView("index");
        return mav;
    }
}

2. 调用数据

使用myBatis的代码生成器generatorConfig.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>    
<!DOCTYPE generatorConfiguration    
  PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD MyBatis Generator Configuration 1.0//EN"    
  "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-generator-config_1_0.dtd">    
<generatorConfiguration>    
<!-- 数据库驱动-->    
    <classPathEntry  location="mysql-connector-java-5.1.25-bin.jar"/>    
    <context id="DB2Tables"  targetRuntime="MyBatis3">    
        <commentGenerator>    
            <property name="suppressDate" value="true"/>    
            <!-- 是否去除自动生成的注释 true：是 ： false:否 -->    
            <property name="suppressAllComments" value="true"/>    
        </commentGenerator>    
        <!--数据库链接URL，用户名、密码 -->    
        <jdbcConnection driverClass="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" connectionURL="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springv" userId="root" password="root">    
        </jdbcConnection>    
        <javaTypeResolver>    
            <property name="forceBigDecimals" value="false"/>    
        </javaTypeResolver>    
        <!-- 生成模型的包名和位置-->    
        <javaModelGenerator targetPackage="com.entity" targetProject="src">    
            <property name="enableSubPackages" value="true"/>    
            <property name="trimStrings" value="true"/>    
        </javaModelGenerator>    
        <!-- 生成映射文件的包名和位置-->    
        <sqlMapGenerator targetPackage="com.common.orm.sqlmap" targetProject="src">    
            <property name="enableSubPackages" value="true"/>    
        </sqlMapGenerator>    
        <!-- 生成DAO的包名和位置-->    
        <javaClientGenerator type="XMLMAPPER" targetPackage="com.common.orm.mapper" targetProject="src">    
            <property name="enableSubPackages" value="true"/>    
        </javaClientGenerator>    
        <!-- 要生成的表 tableName是数据库中的表名或视图名 domainObjectName是实体类名-->    
              <table tableName="user" domainObjectName="User" enableCountByExample="false" enableUpdateByExample="false" enableDeleteByExample="false" enableSelectByExample="false" selectByExampleQueryId="false"></table>  
    </context>    
</generatorConfiguration>

打jar包

java -jar mybatis-generator-core-1.3.2.jar -configfile generatorConfig.xml -overwrite

把生成好的文件放入项目中，可以开始写service了。

service

接口

package com.service;

import java.util.List;

import com.entity.User;

public interface UserService {
        
    public abstract User findByKey(int userId)throws Exception;
}

实现类

package com.serviceImpl;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import com.common.orm.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.entity.User;
import com.service.UserService;

@Service("userService")
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

    @Autowired
    private UserMapper usermapper;

    @Override
    public User findByKey(int userId) {
        
        return usermapper.selectByPrimaryKey(userId);
    }

}

前端页面-jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<jsp:include page="/WEB-INF/common.jsp"></jsp:include>
<script type="text/javascript">
function toAjaxPost(){
    
    $.ajax({  
        url: 'user',  
        type: 'POST', 
        data : {
            'userId' : $("#userId").val()
         },  
        success: function(result) {  
          $("#show").text(result.userName);
        },  
        error:function(result){  
            alert("error");
        }  
    });//end  
}

</script>
<body>
<input id ="userId" />
<button οnclick="toAjaxPost()">search</button>
<a id="show">---</a>
</body>
</html>

这里 include了common.jsp，用来引用js，css等作用，方便以后拓展。

common.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%
    String path = request.getContextPath();
    String basePath = request.getScheme() +"://" + request.getServerName() + ":" +  request.getServerPort() +  path;
%>
<base href="http://${header['host']}${pageContext.request.contextPath}/" /> 

<script type="text/javascript" src="<%=basePath%>/resource/js/jquery-1.8.2.js"></script>

3. freemarker

spring-application.xml

<!-- 自定义模板配置 -->
         <property name="freemarkerVariables"> 
            <map>
                <entry key="index_Link" value-ref="indexLinkTag" />
            </map>
        </property>

自定义模板

package com.freemarker;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.StringReader;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerConfigurer;

import com.entity.User;
import com.service.UserService;

import freemarker.core.Environment;
import freemarker.template.ObjectWrapper;
import freemarker.template.Template;
import freemarker.template.TemplateDirectiveBody;
import freemarker.template.TemplateDirectiveModel;
import freemarker.template.TemplateException;
import freemarker.template.TemplateModel;

@Component("indexLinkTag")
public class IndexLinkTag implements TemplateDirectiveModel {

    @Autowired
    private FreeMarkerConfigurer freeMarkerConfigurer;
    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;     /*
     *@param env 系统环境变量，通常用它来输出相关内容，如Writer out = env.getOut();
     *@param loopVars  循环替代变量
     *@param body 用于处理自定义标签中的内容，如<@myDirective>将要被处理的内容</@myDirective>；当标签是<@myDirective />格式时，body=null
     */
    @Override
    public void execute(Environment env, Map params, TemplateModel[] loopVars,
            TemplateDirectiveBody body) throws TemplateException, IOException {
        try {
            String countval = String.valueOf(params.get("userId"));
            int userId = Integer.parseInt(countval);
            User user =userService.findByKey(userId);
            ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
            list.add(user.getUserName());
            if (body != null) {
                TemplateModel sourceVariable = env.getVariable("indexLinkTagList");
                env.setVariable("indexLinkTagList", ObjectWrapper.BEANS_WRAPPER.wrap(list));

                body.render(env.getOut());
                env.setVariable("indexLinkTagList", sourceVariable);
            } 

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

}

ftl

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
</head>
<body>
    [@index_Link userId =5 ]
                <ul style="color:red">
                    [#list indexLinkTagList as indexLink]
                        <li style="color:red">
                                 ${indexLink}
                        </li>
                    [/#list]
                </ul>
    [/@index_Link]
</body>
</html>

加入controller

package com.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

@Controller //控制器（注入服务）
@RequestMapping(value="") //访问地址，value="index" 则访问地址为：XXXX/index
public class IndexAction {
    
    /**
     * @param value ：值同上用于访问命名
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "" ,method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public ModelAndView initLoad() throws Exception {
        //值为视图文件所在位置。
        ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView("index");
        
        return mav;
    }
    @RequestMapping(value = "ftl" ,method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public ModelAndView initFltLoad() throws Exception {
        ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView("ftl/index");
        
        return mav;
    }
}

访问 localhost:8080/spring_v1/ftl

叶子桑桑

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一、Java web项目演化-SpringMVC+MyBatis+Freemarker(2)

深入并真正理解一个技术的深度和作用场景，需要了解其演化进程，体会其中的进化和精炼。FreeMarker是一款模板引擎：即一种基于模板和要改变的数据，并用来生成输出文本(HTML网页，电子邮件，配置文件，源代码等)的通用工具。它不是面向最终用户的，而是一个Java类库，是一款程序员可以嵌入他们所开发产品的组件。模板编写为FreeMarker Template Language (FTL)。它是简单的，专用的语言，不是像PHP那样成熟的编程语言。那就意味着要准备数据在真实编程语言中.
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