广播/BroadcastReceiver

1.什么是广播
2.广播的分类及区别——有序广播和无序广播
3.广播的注册方式及区别——静态注册和动态注册
4.静态注册无序广播
5.静态注册有序广播
6.动态注册无序广播
7.动态注册有序广播
8.适配器中发送广播实例
9.Service中发送广播实例
什么是广播
1.广播是Android四大组件之一，全称BroadcastReceiver
2.广播分为发送方和接收方，就算没有接收方，发送方也会发送数据
3.广播可以实现跨多个页面数据通信
4.广播可以实现跨进程间的数据通信

有序广播和无序广播

• 无序广播
  不管有多少接收者，一旦发出了无序广播，所有监听此广播的接收者都能接收到
• 有序广播
  按照接收者的优先级，逐一传递，优先级最高的接收者先接收，如果不终止此广播再往下传递

静态注册发送无序广播
1.新建类继承BroadcastReceiver
2.实现onReceive抽象方法。
3.在AndroidManifest中注册BroadReceiver

静态注册有序广播

package com.example.myapplication.broadcast;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

import com.example.myapplication.R;

public class BroadcastActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {
    private Button broadcast_btn;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_broadcast);

        broadcast_btn = findViewById(R.id.broadcast_btn);
        broadcast_btn.setOnClickListener(this);
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View view) {
        switch (view.getId()) {
            case R.id.broadcast_btn:
                Intent intent=new Intent();
                intent.setAction("Intercept_Stitch");
                Bundle bundle=new Bundle();
                bundle.putString("name","叶楚楚");
                intent.putExtras(bundle);

                sendOrderedBroadcast(intent,null);
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }

    }
}

动态注册无序广播
1.新建TestBroadcast类继承BroadcastReceiver。
2.实现onReceive抽象方法，由于BroadcastReceiver是一个抽象类，定义了一个onReceive抽象方法，所以必须实现此抽象方法。
3.在代码中实例化TestBroadcast广播类
4.在代码中实例化IntentFilter。
5.调用IntentFilter对象addAction方法设置频道号
6.在有context环境中调用registerReceiver注册广播
7.在有context环境中通过sendBroadcast发送广播
8.在有context环境中通过unregisterReceiver注销广播

动态注册有序广播

package com.example.myapplication.broadcast;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;  
import android.content.Context;  
import android.content.Intent;  
import android.content.IntentFilter;  
import android.os.Bundle;  
import android.os.ResultReceiver;  
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;  
import android.view.View;  
import android.widget.Toast;  

public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity {  


    private static final String MY_BROADCAST_ACTION = "com.example.mybroadcastreceiver.my_broadcast_action";  
    private FirstBroadCast firstBroadCast;  
    private TwiceBroadCast twiceBroadCast;  
    private ThirdBroadCast thirdBroadCast;  
    @Override  
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);  

        firstBroadCast = new FirstBroadCast();  
        IntentFilter filter1 = new IntentFilter();  
        filter1.addAction(MY_BROADCAST_ACTION);  
        filter1.setPriority(1000);  
        registerReceiver(firstBroadCast, filter1);  


        twiceBroadCast = new TwiceBroadCast();  
        IntentFilter filter2 = new IntentFilter();  
        filter2.addAction(MY_BROADCAST_ACTION);  
        filter1.setPriority(5);  
        registerReceiver(twiceBroadCast, filter2);  


        thirdBroadCast = new ThirdBroadCast();  
        IntentFilter filter3 = new IntentFilter();  
        filter3.addAction(MY_BROADCAST_ACTION);  
        filter1.setPriority(6);  
        registerReceiver(thirdBroadCast, filter3);  



//      finish();  
    }  


    public void sendBroadCast(View v){  
        //这里创建电台来发送广播，需要一个intent就行了  
        Intent intent = new Intent();  
        //给广播设置一个action，方便广播接收者接收相应的广播  
        intent.setAction(MY_BROADCAST_ACTION);  
        intent.putExtra("data", "这里是来自自定义电台发送的广播");  
//      sendBroadcast(intent);//这里发送的是无序广播  

                sendOrderedBroadcast(intent, null, null, null, 1, "10000", null);  

    }  


    registerReceiver方法注册  
    class FirstBroadCast extends BroadcastReceiver{  

        @Override  
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {  
            String action = intent.getAction();  
            if (MY_BROADCAST_ACTION.equals(action)) {  
                String data = intent.getStringExtra("data");  
                Toast.makeText(context,  
                        "FirstBroadCast接收到广播了,接收的广播的数据是：" + data, 1).show();  
                System.out.println("FirstBroadCast接收到广播了,接收的广播的数据是：" + data);  
            }  
        }  

    }  
    class TwiceBroadCast extends BroadcastReceiver{  

        @Override  
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {  
            String action = intent.getAction();  
            if (MY_BROADCAST_ACTION.equals(action)) {  
                String data = intent.getStringExtra("data");  
                Toast.makeText(context,  
                        "TwiceBroadCast接收到广播了,接收的广播的数据是：" + data, 1).show();  
                System.out.println("TwiceBroadCast接收到广播了,接收的广播的数据是：" + data);  
            }  
        }  

    }  
    class ThirdBroadCast extends BroadcastReceiver{  

        @Override  
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {  
            String action = intent.getAction();  
            if (MY_BROADCAST_ACTION.equals(action)) {  
                String data = intent.getStringExtra("data");  
                Toast.makeText(context,  
                        "ThirdBroadCast接收到广播了,接收的广播的数据是：" + data, 1).show();  
                System.out.println("ThirdBroadCast接收到广播了,接收的广播的数据是：" + data);  
            }  
        }  

    }  


    @Override  
    protected void onDestroy() {  
        super.onDestroy();  
        if(firstBroadCast != null){  
            unregisterReceiver(firstBroadCast);  
        }  
        if(twiceBroadCast != null){  
            unregisterReceiver(twiceBroadCast);  
        }  
        if(thirdBroadCast != null){  
            unregisterReceiver(thirdBroadCast);  
        }  

    }  

}  

Service中发送广播实例

package com.example.myapplication.broadcast;

import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.util.Log;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;



public class ImageBroadcast extends Service{

    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    URL url=new URL("https://timgsa.baidu.com/timg?image&quality=80&size=b9999_10000&sec=1529499172843&di=1bd010d32a1b039f9e1836fd4fc86b48&imgtype=jpg&src=http%3A%2F%2Fimg4.imgtn.bdimg.com%2Fit%2Fu%3D1950000289%2C454533439%26fm%3D214%26gp%3D0.jpg");
                    HttpURLConnection connection= (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
                    InputStream inputStream=connection.getInputStream();
                    Bitmap bitmap= BitmapFactory.decodeStream(inputStream);
                    Log.e("3213112342", "run: "+bitmap);

                    Intent intent=new Intent();
                    intent.setAction("com.example.myapplication.img");
                    intent.putExtra("bitmap",bitmap);
                    sendBroadcast(intent);

                } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }).start();

        return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
    }
    @Nullable
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return null;
    }


}

package com.example.myapplication.broadcast;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.ImageView;

import com.example.myapplication.R;

public class ImageBroadcastActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private ImageView img_broadcast;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_image_broadcast);

        MyReceiver1 myReceiver1=new MyReceiver1();
        IntentFilter intentFilter=new IntentFilter();
        intentFilter.addAction("com.example.myapplication.img");
        registerReceiver(myReceiver1,intentFilter);

        img_broadcast=findViewById(R.id.img_broadcast);


        Intent intent = new Intent(ImageBroadcastActivity.this, ImageBroadcast.class);
        startService(intent);//启动service
    }
    class MyReceiver1 extends BroadcastReceiver{

        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            Bitmap bitmap=intent.getParcelableExtra("bitmap");
            img_broadcast.setImageBitmap(bitmap);

        }
    }

}