浅做一个学生管理系统附有详细注释

本系统

1.数组 结构体

2.指针 

//学生管理系统

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include<cstring>
#define MAX 100

//创建学生结构体
struct Student
{
	//学生姓名
	string name;
	//性别
	int sex;
	//年龄
	int age;
    //住址
	string address;
};

//创建学生资料库结构体
struct ArrayStudent
{
	Student arrayStudent[MAX];
	int m_Size;
};

void PrintMeun()
{
	cout << "-------------学生管理系统--------------\n" << endl;
	cout << "\t1. 添加学生" << endl;
	cout << "\t2. 显示学生" << endl;
	cout << "\t3. 查询学生" << endl;
	cout << "\t4. 删除学生" << endl;
	cout << "\t5. 修改学生" << endl;
	cout << "\t6. 清空学生" << endl;
	cout << "\t7. 退出系统\n" << endl;
	cout << "---------------------------------------\n" << endl;
}

//添加学生
void IntoStudent(ArrayStudent* as)
{
	//判断学生资料库是否已满
	if (as->m_Size == MAX)
	{
		cout << "资料库已满，无法添加。" << endl;
		system("pause");
		return;
	}
	//如果学生资料库未满则添加新学生
	else
	{
		//输入学生姓名
		cout << "请输入学生姓名: " << endl;
		string m_name;
		cin >> m_name;
		as->arrayStudent[as->m_Size].name = m_name;

		//输入学生性别
		cout << "请输入学生性别: " << endl;
		cout << "1 ---男" << endl;
		cout << "2 ---女" << endl;
		int m_sex = 0;
		while (true)
		{

			cin >> m_sex;
			if (m_sex == 1 || m_sex == 2)
			{
				as->arrayStudent[as->m_Size].sex = m_sex;
				break;
			}
			cout << "选择错误，请重新输入！！！" << endl;
		}

		//输入学生年龄
		cout << "请输入学生年龄: " << endl;
		int m_age = 0;
		cin >> m_age;
		as->arrayStudent[as->m_Size].age = m_age;

		//输入学生住址
		cout << "请输入学生住址: " << endl;
		string m_address;
		cin >> m_address;
		as->arrayStudent[as->m_Size].address = m_address;

		//提示添加成功
		cout << "添加成功" << endl;
		as->m_Size++;

		system("pause");
		system("cls");
	}
	
}

//打印学生信息
void PrintStudent(ArrayStudent* as)
{
	//判断资料库中是否有学生
	if (as->m_Size == 0)
	{
		cout << "学生资料库中没有存储学生内容，无法打印！！！" << endl;
		system("pause");
		return;

	}
	//打印学生资料库的信息
	for (int i = 0; i < as->m_Size; i++)
	{
		cout << " 姓名: " << as->arrayStudent[i].name << "\t";
		cout << " 性别: " << ((as->arrayStudent[i].sex) == 1 ? ("男") : ("女")) << "\t";
		cout << " 年龄: " << as->arrayStudent[i].age << "\t";
		cout << " 住址: " << as->arrayStudent[i].address << endl;
	}
	cout << "打印完成！！！" << endl;
	system("pause");
}

//查询 未查到返回-1 查到返回学生所在资料库的序号
int FindName(ArrayStudent* as, string name)
{
	for (int i = 0; i < as->m_Size; i++)
	{
		if (as->arrayStudent[i].name == name)
		{
			return i;
		}
	}
	return -1;
}

//查询学生
void FindStudent(ArrayStudent* as)
{
	//判断资料库中是否有学生
	if (as->m_Size == 0)
	{
		cout << "学生资料库中没有存储学生内容，查询失败！！！" << endl;
		system("pause");
		return;

	}
	//输入查询学生的姓名
	string name; 
	cout << "输入需要查询学生的姓名: " << endl;
	cin >> name;

	//通过姓名查询学生在资料库的序号
	int num = FindName(as, name);
	if (num == -1)
	{
		cout << "未查到该学生！！!" << endl;
		return;
	}
	//打印查询到的学生信息
	else
	{
		cout << "查到该学生:" << endl;
		cout << " 姓名: " << as->arrayStudent[num].name << "\t";
		cout << " 性别: " << ((as->arrayStudent[num].sex) == 1 ? ("男") : ("女")) << "\t";
		cout << " 年龄: " << as->arrayStudent[num].age << "\t";
		cout << " 住址: " << as->arrayStudent[num].address << endl;
		system("pause");
	}
}

//删除学生
void DeleteStudent(ArrayStudent* as)
{
	//判断资料库中是否有学生
	if (as->m_Size == 0)
	{
		cout << "学生资料库中没有存储学生内容，删除失败！！！" << endl;
		system("pause");
		return;

	}

	//输入所要删除学生的姓名
	string name;
	cout << "请输入学生姓名: " << endl;
	cin >> name;

	//使用查询函数寻找删除学生在资料库的序号
	int num = FindName(as, name);
	if (num == -1)
	{
		cout << "未查到该学生！！!" << endl;
		return;
	}
	//打印查询到的学生信息
	else
	{
		cout << "确认该学生信息:" << endl;
		cout << " 姓名: " << as->arrayStudent[num].name << "\t";
		cout << " 性别: " << ((as->arrayStudent[num].sex) == 1 ? ("男") : ("女")) << "\t";
		cout << " 年龄: " << as->arrayStudent[num].age << "\t";
		cout << " 住址: " << as->arrayStudent[num].address << endl;
	}
	//再次确认是否删除该学生
	cout << "确认是否删除:" << endl;
	cout << "Y ---是" << endl;
	cout << "N ---否" << endl;
	char ch ;
	while (true)
	{
		cin >> ch;
		if (ch == 'y' || ch == 'Y' || ch == 'n' || ch == 'N')
		{
			if (ch == 'y' || ch == 'Y')
			{
				for (int i = num; i < as->m_Size; i++)
				{
					as->arrayStudent[i] = as->arrayStudent[i + 1];
					as->m_Size;
					cout << "删除成功" << endl;
					system("pause");
					return;
				}
				as->m_Size--;
			}
			else if(ch == 'n' || ch == 'N')
			{
				cout << "删除失败" << endl;
				system("pause");
				return;
			}
		}
		cout << "输入错误，请重新输入！！！" << endl;
	}
}

//修改学生信息
void ChangeStudent(ArrayStudent* as)
{
	if (as->m_Size == 0)
	{
		cout << "学生资料库中没有存储学生内容，修改失败！！！" << endl;
		system("pause");
		return;

	}

	//输入所要删除学生的姓名
	string name;
	cout << "请输入学生姓名: " << endl;
	cin >> name;

	//使用查询函数寻找删除学生在资料库的序号
	int num = FindName(as, name);
	if (num == -1)
	{
		cout << "未查到该学生！！!" << endl;
		return;
	}
	//打印查询到的学生信息
	else
	{
		cout << "确认该学生信息:" << endl;
		cout << " 姓名: " << as->arrayStudent[num].name << "\t";
		cout << " 性别: " << ((as->arrayStudent[num].sex) == 1 ? ("男") : ("女")) << "\t";
		cout << " 年龄: " << as->arrayStudent[num].age << "\t";
		cout << " 住址: " << as->arrayStudent[num].address << endl;
	}
	//修改
	cout << "请输入学生姓名: " << endl;
	string m_name;
	cin >> m_name;
	as->arrayStudent[as->m_Size].name = m_name;

	//输入学生性别
	cout << "请输入学生性别: " << endl;
	cout << "1 ---男" << endl;
	cout << "2 ---女" << endl;
	int m_sex = 0;
	while (true)
	{

		cin >> m_sex;
		if (m_sex == 1 || m_sex == 2)
		{
			as->arrayStudent[as->m_Size].sex = m_sex;
			break;
		}
		cout << "选择错误，请重新输入！！！" << endl;
	}

	//输入学生年龄
	cout << "请输入学生年龄: " << endl;
	int m_age = 0;
	cin >> m_age;
	as->arrayStudent[as->m_Size].age = m_age;

	//输入学生住址
	cout << "请输入学生住址: " << endl;
	string m_address;
	cin >> m_address;
	as->arrayStudent[as->m_Size].address = m_address;
	
	cout << "修改成功！！！" << endl;
	system("pause");
}

//清空资料库 
void EmptyStudent(ArrayStudent* as)
{
	as->m_Size = 0;
	cout << "已清空资料库!!!" << endl;
	system("pause");
}

int main()
{
	ArrayStudent as;
	as.m_Size = 0;
	while (true)
	{
		PrintMeun();
		int into;
		cin >> into;
		switch (into)
		{
		case 1://1. 添加学生
			IntoStudent(&as);
			break;
		case 2://2. 显示学生
			PrintStudent(&as);
			break;
		case 3://3. 查询学生
			FindStudent(&as);
			break;
		case 4://4. 删除学生
			DeleteStudent(&as);
			break;
		case 5://5. 修改学生
			ChangeStudent(&as);
			break;
		case 6://6. 清空学生
			EmptyStudent(&as);
			break;
		case 7://7. 退出系统
			cout << "退出系统成功，欢迎下次使用！！！" << endl;
			return 0;
		default:
			cout << "输入错误！！!" << endl; 
			break;
		}
		system("cls");
	}
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}