1.在CentOS7上安装RabbitMQ
安装过程参考官网:
首先需要安装erlang,参考:http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/EPEL/FAQ#howtouse
rpm -Uvh http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/x86_64/e/epel-release-7-8.noarch.rpm
yum install erlang
安装过程中会有提示,一路输入“y”即可。
完成后安装RabbitMQ:
先下载rpm:
wget http://www.rabbitmq.com/releases/rabbitmq-server/v3.6.6/rabbitmq-server-3.6.6-1.el7.noarch.rpm
下载完成后安装:
yum install rabbitmq-server-3.6.6-1.el7.noarch.rpm
完成后启动服务:
service rabbitmq-server start
可以查看服务状态:
service rabbitmq-server status
这里可以看到log文件的位置,转到文件位置,打开文件:
这里显示的是没有找到配置文件,我们可以自己创建这个文件
cd /etc/rabbitmq/
vi rabbitmq.config
编辑内容如下:
[{rabbit, [{loopback_users, []}]}].
这里的意思是开放使用,rabbitmq默认创建的用户guest,密码也是guest,这个用户默认只能是本机访问,localhost或者127.0.0.1,从外部访问需要添加上面的配置。
保存配置后重启服务:
service rabbitmq-server stop
service rabbitmq-server start
此时就可以从外部访问了,但此时再看log文件,发现内容还是原来的,还是显示没有找到配置文件,可以手动删除这个文件再重启服务,不过这不影响使用
rm rabbit\@mythsky.log
service rabbitmq-server stop
service rabbitmq-server start
开放5672端口:
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=5672/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload
在Windows上进行测试:
新建.net core控制台项目,引用RabbitMQ.Client包:
Install-Package RabbitMQ.Client
测试代码:
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
factory.UserName = "guest";
factory.Password = "guest";
factory.VirtualHost = "/";
factory.HostName = "localhost";
//factory.HostName = "10.255.19.111";
try
{
IConnection conn = factory.CreateConnection();
IModel model = conn.CreateModel();
string exchangeName = "test";
string queueName = "testq";
string routingKey = "first";
model.ExchangeDeclare(exchangeName, ExchangeType.Direct);
model.QueueDeclare(queueName, </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">false</span>, <span style="color: #0000ff;">false</span>, <span style="color: #0000ff;">false</span>, <span style="color: #0000ff;">null</span><span style="color: #000000;">);
model.QueueBind(queueName, exchangeName, routingKey, </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">null</span><span style="color: #000000;">);
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">byte</span>[] messageBodyBytes = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">Hello, world!</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">);
model.BasicPublish(exchangeName, routingKey, </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">null</span><span style="color: #000000;">, messageBodyBytes);
Console.WriteLine(</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">message sended.</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">);
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">bool</span> noAck = <span style="color: #0000ff;">false</span><span style="color: #000000;">;
BasicGetResult result </span>=<span style="color: #000000;"> model.BasicGet(queueName, noAck);
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span> (result == <span style="color: #0000ff;">null</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
{
Console.Write(</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">no message.</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">);
}
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">else</span><span style="color: #000000;">
{
IBasicProperties props </span>=<span style="color: #000000;"> result.BasicProperties;
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">byte</span>[] body =<span style="color: #000000;"> result.Body;
model.BasicAck(result.DeliveryTag, </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">false</span><span style="color: #000000;">);
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">string</span> message =<span style="color: #000000;"> System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(body);
Console.Write(message);
}
}
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">catch</span><span style="color: #000000;"> (Exception ex)
{
Console.Write(ex.Message);
}
}</span></pre>
也可以使用官网的例子(这里更清晰):
http://www.rabbitmq.com/tutorials/tutorial-one-dotnet.html
发送端:
using System;
using RabbitMQ.Client;
using System.Text;
class Send { public static void Main() { var factory = new ConnectionFactory() { HostName = “localhost” }; using(var connection = factory.CreateConnection()) using(var channel = connection.CreateModel()) { channel.QueueDeclare(queue: “hello”, durable: false, exclusive: false, autoDelete: false, arguments: null);
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">string</span> message = <span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">Hello World!</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">;
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">var</span> body =<span style="color: #000000;"> Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(message);
channel.BasicPublish(exchange: </span><span style="color: #800000;">""</span><span style="color: #000000;">,
routingKey: </span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">hello</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">,
basicProperties: </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">null</span><span style="color: #000000;">,
body: body);
Console.WriteLine(</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;"> [x] Sent {0}</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">, message);
}
Console.WriteLine(</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;"> Press [enter] to exit.</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">);
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
接收端:
using RabbitMQ.Client;
using RabbitMQ.Client.Events;
using System;
using System.Text;
class Receive { public static void Main() { var factory = new ConnectionFactory() { HostName = “localhost” }; using(var connection = factory.CreateConnection()) using(var channel = connection.CreateModel()) { channel.QueueDeclare(queue: “hello”, durable: false, exclusive: false, autoDelete: false, arguments: null);
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">var</span> consumer = <span style="color: #0000ff;">new</span><span style="color: #000000;"> EventingBasicConsumer(channel);
consumer.Received </span>+= (model, ea) =><span style="color: #000000;">
{
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">var</span> body =<span style="color: #000000;"> ea.Body;
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">var</span> message =<span style="color: #000000;"> Encoding.UTF8.GetString(body);
Console.WriteLine(</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;"> [x] Received {0}</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">, message);
};
channel.BasicConsume(queue: </span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">hello</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">,
noAck: </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">true</span><span style="color: #000000;">,
consumer: consumer);
Console.WriteLine(</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;"> Press [enter] to exit.</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #000000;">);
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}
在Windows上发送,在CentOS上接收,效果如图:
开启管理UI:
rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=15672/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload
在Windows下打开地址:
http://10.255.19.111:15672
用户名和密码都是 guest
这样就可以方便管理RabbitMQ了。
2.rabbitmq的vhost与用户管理
当我们在创建用户时,会指定用户能访问一个虚拟机,并且该用户只能访问该虚拟机下的队列和交换机,如果没有指定,默认的是”/”;一个rabbitmq服务器上可以运行多个vhost,以便于适用不同的业务需要,这样做既可以满足权限配置的要求,也可以避免不同业务之间队列、交换机的命名冲突问题,因为不同vhost之间是隔离的。
添加虚拟机
rabbitmqctl add_vhost vhost_one
删除虚拟机
rabbitmqctl delete_vhost vhost_one
查看虚拟机列表
rabbitmqctl list_vhosts
“/”是rabbitmq默认的虚拟机,之前默认连接的都是它
创建一个用户
rabbitmqctl add_user username password
为用户分配角色
rabbitmqctl set _user_tags username administrator
设置访问权限
rabbitmqctl set _permissions -p vhostname username ".*" ".*" ".*"
后边三个.*分别代表:配置权限、写权限、读权限
附:
删除用户
rabbitmqctl delete_user username
改密码:
rabbimqctl change_password username newpassword
3.重启系统后,rabbitmq 服务无法启动的问题
情景描述 :服务器断电了,然后在服务器上重启 rabbitmq 服务,一直报错误,错误如下: 一直好好用的rabbitmq 居然突然无法启动了。 错误内容: Job for rabbitmq-server.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See “systemctl status rabbitmq- server.service” and “journalctl -xe” for details. 上网找了很多办法,最后通过如下步骤解决。
#find / -name mnesia
#rm -rf mnesia
#sudo /sbin/service rabbitmq-server start 如图: 以上的操作知识清空rabbitmq 的缓存文件夹,然而启动仍然报错。
#systemctl status rabbitmq-server.service (查看具体的报错原因,看当前rabbitmq 的状态),结果如图:
#rabbitmq-server start 通过前台方式启动 rabbitmq ,报错如下: 出现以上的问题是由于:主机名和ip不匹配,需要更改hostname或者/etc/hosts文件
7.#hostname myserver001 修改主机名:要跟/etc/hosts文件中一致。或者 #vim /etc/hosts,修改hosts 文件 7. 保存文件后重新启动服务,即可成功! 访问管理页面:127.0.0.1:15672,即出现页面
致此,问题解决完毕!!!