saltstack（5）---Jinja模板

一、Jinja模板简介
Jinja是一种基于python的模板引䔷，在SLS文件里可以直接使用jinja模板来做一些操作。
通过jinja模板可以为不同服务器定义各自的变量。
两种分隔符：{%…%}{{…}},前者用于执行诸如for循环或赋值语句，后者把表达式的结果打印到模板上。

1、基本用法：使用控制结构包装条件

[root@server1 salt]# vim test.sls
[root@server1 salt]# cat test.sls
/mnt/testfile:
  file.append:
    {% if grains['fqdn'] == 'server2' %}
    - text: server2
    {% elif grains['fqdn'] == 'server4' %}
    - text: server4
    {% endif %}

[root@server1 salt]# salt '*' state.sls test

#查看

[root@server2 mnt]# ls
nfs  testfile
[root@server2 mnt]# cat testfile 
server2
[root@server4 mnt]# cat testfile 
server4

2、Jinja在普通文件中的使用-httpd
(1)监听固定端口

[root@server1 apache]# vim init.sls 
[root@server1 apache]# cat init.sls 
apache:  
  pkg.installed:
    - pkgs:
      - httpd
  file.managed:
    - name: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
    - source: salt://apache/httpd.conf
  service.running:
    - name: httpd
    - reload: true
    - watch:
      - file: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf:
  file.managed:
    - source: salt://apache/httpd.conf
    - template: jinja
    - context:
      bind: 172.25.1.2
      port: 80

#引用

[root@server1 apache]# vim httpd.conf 
Listen {{ bind }}:{{ port }}
#调用
[root@server1 apache]# salt server2 state.sls apache
#测试
[root@server1 apache]# curl 172.25.1.2:80

（2）引用变量监听多个主机多个端口
1）、

- template: jinja
    - context:
      bind: {{ grains['ipv4'] }}		#提取到ip
      port: 80

[root@server1 apache]# salt server2 grains.item ipv4	#ip为列表值，apache不支持
server2:
    ----------
    ipv4:
        - 127.0.0.1
        - 172.17.0.1
        - 172.18.0.1
        - 172.25.1.2

2）、使用grains,还可以使用pillar即改即用

 - template: jinja
    - context:
      bind: {{ grains['ipv4'][-1] }}
      port: 80

#使用Jinja模板可以直接使用grains和pillar。

Listen {{ grains['ipv4'][-1] }}:{{ pillar[port] }}

3）、import方式，可在state文件之间共享

[root@server1 salt]# vim lib.sls
[root@server1 salt]# cat lib.sls 
{% set port = 80 %}

{% from 'lib.sls' import port %}
Listen {{ bind }}:{{ port }}			#引用,可以对比优先级

#import优先级高于pillar

3、keepalived例子
(1)配置主master：

[root@server1 keepalived]# vim init.sls 
install-kp:
  pkg.installed:
    - name: keepalived
    
  file.managed:
    - name: /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
    - source: salt://keepalived/keepalived.conf

  service.running:
    - name: keepalived
    - reload: true
    - watch:
      - file: install-kp

（2）主备一起配置
#由于keepalived有主备之分，需要在配置文件中设置变量区分

[root@server1 keepalived]# vim keepalived.conf 

1）#sls文件中著名,可以用srv/pillar

[root@server1 pillar]# vim web.sls 
[root@server1 pillar]# cat web.sls 
{% if grains['fqdn'] == 'server2' %}
webserver: httpd
port: 8080
kpstate: MASTER
kppri: 100			#优先级

{% elif grains['fqdn'] == 'server4' %}
webserver: nginx
port: 80
kpstate: BACKUP
kppri: 50

{% endif %}

vip 172.25.1.100

[root@server1 keepalived]# vim init.sls 
[root@server1 keepalived]# cat init.sls 
install-kp:
  pkg.installed:
    - name: keepalived
    
  file.managed:
    - name: /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
    - source: salt://keepalived/keepalived.conf
    - template: jinja
    - context:
      STATE: {{ pillar['kpstate'] }}
      PRI: {{ pillar['kppri'] }}
      VIP: pillar['vip']

  service.running:
    - name: keepalived
    - reload: true
    - watch:
      - file: install-kp

#应用

[root@server1 keepalived]# salt '*' state.sls keepalived

2）可以不用pillar，直接自己在sls文件中定义

[root@server1 keepalived]# cat init.sls 
install-kp:
  pkg.installed:
    - name: keepalived
    
  file.managed:
    - name: /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
    - source: salt://keepalived/keepalived.conf
    - template: jinja
    - context:
      {% if grains['fqdn'] == 'server2' %}
      STATE: MASTER
      PRI: 100
      VIP: 172.25.1.100
      {% elif grains['fqdn'] == 'server4' %}
      STATE: BACKUP
      PRI: 50
      VIP: 172.25.1.100
      {% endif %}

  service.running:
    - name: keepalived
    - reload: true
    - watch:
      - file: install-kp
[root@server1 keepalived]# salt '*' state.sls keepalived