数列与数学归纳法
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等比数列 { a n } \{a_n\} {an}的前 n n n 项和为 S n S_n Sn, ∀ n ∈ Z + \forall n\in \Z^+ ∀n∈Z+, ( n , S n ) (n,S_n) (n,Sn)均在函数 y = b x + r ( b > 0 , b ≠ 1 ) y=b^x+r(b>0,b\neq1) y=bx+r(b>0,b=1)上。
(1)求 r r r的值
(2)b=2时,记 b n = 2 ( log 2 a n + 1 ) ( n ∈ Z + ) ,求证: ∀ n ∈ Z + , b 1 + 1 b 1 ⋅ b 2 + 1 b 2 ⋅ . . . ⋅ b n + 1 b n > n + 1 . b_n=2(\log_2{a_n}+1)(n\in \Z^+),求证:\forall n\in \Z^+,\frac{b_1+1}{b_1}\cdot\frac{b_2+1}{b_2}\cdot...\cdot\frac{b_n+1}{b_n}>\sqrt{n+1}. bn=2(log2an+1)(n∈Z+),求证:∀n∈Z+,b1b1+1⋅b2b2+1⋅...⋅bnbn+1>n+1.
(1) S n = b n + r S_n=b^n+r Sn=bn+r① a 1 = S 1 = b + r ② a n = S n − S n − 1 = b n − b n − 1 = b n − 1 ( b − 1 ) 故 r = − 1 ( 2 ) b n = 2 n 下证: 3 2 ⋅ 5 4 ⋅ . . . ⋅ 2 n + 1 2 n > n + 1 ① n = 1 时,显然成立 ②假设 n 时成立, 3 2 ⋅ 5 4 ⋅ . . . ⋅ 2 n + 1 2 n > n + 1 n + 1 时, 3 2 ⋅ 5 4 ⋅ . . . ⋅ 2 n + 3 2 n + 2 > 2 n + 3 2 n + 2 n + 1 > ( 2 n + 3 ) 2 n ( n + 1 ) > n + 2 ,成立 . ①a_1=S_1=b+r\\②a_n=S_n-S_{n-1}=b^n-b^{n-1}=b^{n-1}(b-1)\\故r=-1\\(2)b_n=2n\\下证:\frac{3}{2}\cdot\frac{5}{4}\cdot...\cdot\frac{2n+1}{2n}>\sqrt{n+1}\\①n=1时,显然成立\\②假设n时成立,\frac{3}{2}\cdot\frac{5}{4}\cdot...\cdot\frac{2n+1}{2n}>\sqrt{n+1}\\n+1时,\frac{3}{2}\cdot\frac{5}{4}\cdot...\cdot\frac{2n+3}{2n+2}>\frac{2n+3}{2n+2}\sqrt{n+1}>\sqrt{\frac{(2n+3)^2}{n(n+1)}}>\sqrt{n+2},成立. ①a1=S1=b+r②an=Sn−Sn−1=bn−bn−1=bn−1(b−1)故r=−1(2)bn=2n下证:23⋅45⋅...⋅2n2n+1>n+1①n=1时,显然成立②假设n时成立,23⋅45⋅...⋅2n2n+1>n+1n+1时,23⋅45⋅...⋅2n+22n+3>2n+22n+3n+1>n(n+1)(2n+3)2>n+2,成立.