java面试题收集

1、Why isn't a qualified static final variable allowed in a static initialization block?

case 1:

class Program {

    static final int var;

    static {

        Program.var = 8;  // Compilation error

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int i;
        i=Program.var;
        System.out.println(Program.var);
    }
}

case 2:

class Program {

    static final int var;

    static {

        var = 8;  //OK

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        System.out.println(Program.var);

    }
}

Why does Case 1 cause a compilation error?

Answer:

The JLS holds the answer (note the bold statement):

Similarly, every blank final variable must be assigned at most once; it must be definitely unassignedwhen an assignment to it occurs. Such an assignment is defined to occur if and only if either the simple name of the variable (or, for a field, its simple name qualified by this) occurs on the left hand side of an assignment operator. [§16]

This means that the 'simple name' must be used when assigning static final variables - i.e. the var name without any qualifiers.

But :

static class A
{
    static final int a;
    static
    {
        // System.out.println(a); // illegal
        System.out.println(A.a);  // compiles!
        a = 1;
    }
}

(From stackoverflow)