【mooc C++笔记】第四节

1.注意对于类型运算符的重载，如：

#include <iostream> 
using namespace std;
class MyInt 
{ 
	int nVal; 
	public: 
	MyInt( int n) { nVal = n ;}
// 在此处补充你的代码
}; 
int Inc(int n) {
	return n + 1;
}
int main () { 
	int n;
	while(cin >>n) {
		MyInt objInt(n); 
		objInt-2-1-3; 
		cout << Inc(objInt);
		cout <<","; 
		objInt-2-1; 
		cout << Inc(objInt) << endl;
	}
	return 0;
}

上面的Inc函数的形参为整型，故需要重载Int运算符：

operator int() {
		return nVal;
	}

2.二维数组的重载方法：

#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;

class Array2 {
	int x,y;
	int **pa;
	public:

	Array2(int i=0,int j=0){                //构造函数
		x=i;
		y=j;
		pa = new int*[x];
            for(int u = 0; u < x; u++)
                pa[u] = new int[j];
    }
    
	int * operator [] (int i){              //重载[]
		return pa[i];
	}
	
	int & operator () (int i,int j){        //重载（）
		return pa[i][j];
	}
	
	Array2 & operator = (const Array2 & a){  //重载 = ，深拷贝
		if (pa==a.pa) return *this;
		x=a.x;y=a.y;
		if (a.pa==NULL) {
			if (pa) delete []pa;
			pa=NULL;
			x=0;y=0;
			return *this;
		}
		if(x*y<a.x*a.y) {
			if (pa) delete []pa;
			pa = new int*[x];
        	for(int i = 0; i < x; i++){
            pa[i] = new int[y];
        }
		}
		memcpy (pa,a.pa,sizeof(int)*a.x*a.y);
		
		return *this;
	}

};

int main() {
    Array2 a(3,4);
    int i,j;
    for(  i = 0;i < 3; ++i )
        for(  j = 0; j < 4; j ++ )
            a[i][j] = i * 4 + j;
    for(  i = 0;i < 3; ++i ) {
        for(  j = 0; j < 4; j ++ ) {
            cout << a(i,j) << ",";
        }
        cout << endl;
    }
    cout << "next" << endl;
    Array2 b;     b = a;
    for(  i = 0;i < 3; ++i ) {
        for(  j = 0; j < 4; j ++ ) {
            cout << b[i][j] << ",";
        }
        cout << endl;
    }
    return 0;
}

//样例输出
//0,1,2,3,
//4,5,6,7,
//8,9,10,11,
//next
//0,1,2,3,
//4,5,6,7,
//8,9,10,11,

注意点1：重载二维数组的思路，a[i][j]即pa[i].[j]的形式，且重载的[ ]函数的类型为int * 

注意点2：无需重载流输出cout << ，因为二维数组返回的就是int型（？）

3.

char 与 int 之间相互转化：

 
 
int main(){
    //int类型转换为char类型
	int num = 6;
	char c = num + '0';
	cout<<c<<endl;
	
    //char类型转换为int类型
	char c1 = '4';
	int num1 = c1 - '0';
	cout<<num1<<endl;
}