C语言字符串函数大全

函数名: stpcpy
功 能: 拷贝一个字符串到另一个
用 法: char *stpcpy(char *destin, char *source);
程序例:
 
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
 
int main(void)
{
    char string[10];
    char *str1 = "abcdefghi";
 
    stpcpy(string, str1);
    printf("%s\n", string);
    return 0;
}
 
函数名: strcat
功 能: 字符串拼接函数
用 法: char *strcat(char *destin, char *source);
程序例:
 
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
 
int main(void)
{
    char destination[25];
    char *blank = " ", *c = "C++", *Borland = "Borland";
 
    strcpy(destination, Borland);
    strcat(destination, blank);
    strcat(destination, c);
 
    printf("%s\n", destination);
    return 0;
}
 
函数名: strchr
功 能: 在一个串中查找给定字符的第一个匹配之处
用 法: char *strchr(char *str, char c);
程序例:
 
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
 
int main(void)
{
    char string[15];
    char *ptr, c = ‘r‘;
 
    strcpy(string, "This is a string");
    ptr = strchr(string, c);
    if (ptr)
    printf("The character %c is at position: %d\n", c, ptr-string);
    else
    printf("The character was not found\n");
    return 0;
}
 
函数名: strcmp
功 能: 串比较
用 法: int strcmp(char *str1, char *str2);
看Asic码,str1>str2,返回值 > 0;两串相等,返回0
程序例:
 
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
 
int main(void)
{
    char *buf1 = "aaa", *buf2 = "bbb", *buf3 = "ccc";
    int ptr;
 
    ptr = strcmp(buf2, buf1);
    if (ptr > 0)
    printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n");
    else
    printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n");
 
    ptr = strcmp(buf2, buf3);
    if (ptr > 0)
    printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 3\n");
    else
    printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 3\n");
 
    return 0;
}
 
函数名: strncmpi
功 能: 将一个串中的一部分与另一个串比较, 不管大小写
用 法: int strncmpi(char *str1, char *str2, unsigned maxlen);
程序例:
 
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
 
int main(void)
{
    char *buf1 = "BBB", *buf2 = "bbb";
    int ptr;
 
    ptr = strcmpi(buf2, buf1);
 
    if (ptr > 0)
    printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n");
 
    if (ptr < 0)
    printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n");
 
    if (ptr == 0)
    printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1\n");
 
    return 0;
}
 
函数名: strcpy
功 能: 串拷贝
用 法: char *strcpy(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
 
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
 
int main(void)
{
    char string[10];
    char *str1 = "abcdefghi";
 
    strcpy(string, str1);
    printf("%s\n", string);
    return 0;
}
 
函数名: strcspn
功 能: 在串中查找第一个给定字符集内容的段
用 法: int strcspn(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
 
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <alloc.h>
 
int main(void)
{
    char *string1 = "1234567890";
    char *string2 = "747DC8";
    int length;
 
    length = strcspn(string1, string2);
    printf("Character where strings intersect is at position %d\n", length);
 
    return 0;
}
 
函数名: strdup
功 能: 将串拷贝到新建的位置处
用 法: char *strdup(char *str);
程序例:
 
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <alloc.h>
 
int main(void)
{
    char *dup_str, *string = "abcde";
 
    dup_str = strdup(string);
    printf("%s\n", dup_str);
    free(dup_str);
 
    return 0;
}
 
函数名: stricmp
功 能: 以大小写不敏感方式比较两个串
用 法: int stricmp(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
 
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
 
int main(void)
{
    char *buf1 = "BBB", *buf2 = "bbb";
    int ptr;
 
    ptr = stricmp(buf2, buf1);
 
    if (ptr > 0)
    printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n");
 
    if (ptr < 0)
    printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n");
 
    if (ptr == 0)
    printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1\n");
 
    return 0;
}
 
函数名: strerror
功 能: 返回指向错误信息字符串的指针
用 法: char *strerror(int errnum);
程序例:
 
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
 
int main(void)
{
    char *buffer;
    buffer = strerror(errno);
    printf("Error: %s\n", buffer);
    return 0;
}
 
函数名: strcmpi
功 能: 将一个串与另一个比较, 不管大小写
用 法: int strcmpi(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
 
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
 
int main(void)
{
    char *buf1 = "BBB", *buf2 = "bbb";
    int ptr;
 
    ptr = strcmpi(buf2, buf1);
 
    if (ptr > 0)
    printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n");
 
    if (ptr < 0)
    printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n");
 
    if (ptr == 0)
    printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1\n");
 
    return 0;
}
 
函数名: strncmp
功 能: 串比较
用 法: int strncmp(char *str1, char *str2, int maxlen);
程序例:
 
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
 
int main(void)
 
{
    char *buf1 = "aaabbb", *buf2 = "bbbccc", *buf3 = "ccc";
    int ptr;
 
    ptr = strncmp(buf2,buf1,3);
    if (ptr > 0)
    printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n");
    else
    printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n");
 
    ptr = strncmp(buf2,buf3,3);
    if (ptr > 0)
    printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 3\n");
    else
    printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 3\n");
 
    return(0);
}
 
函数名: strncmpi
功 能: 把串中的一部分与另一串中的一部分比较, 不管大小写
用 法: int strncmpi(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
 
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
 
int main(void)
{
    char *buf1 = "BBBccc", *buf2 = "bbbccc";
    int ptr;
 
    ptr = strncmpi(buf2,buf1,3);
 
    if (ptr > 0)
    printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n");
 
    if (ptr < 0)
    printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n");
 
    if (ptr == 0)
    printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1\n");
 
    return 0;
}
 
函数名: strncpy
功 能: 串拷贝
用 法: char *strncpy(char *destin, char *source, int maxlen);
程序例:
 
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
 
int main(void)
{
    char string[10];
    char *str1 = "abcdefghi";
 
    strncpy(string, str1, 3);
    string[3] = ‘\0‘;
    printf("%s\n", string);
    return 0;
}
 
函数名: strnicmp
功 能: 不注重大小写地比较两个串
用 法: int strnicmp(char *str1, char *str2, unsigned maxlen);
程序例:
 
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
 
int main(void)
{
    char *buf1 = "BBBccc", *buf2 = "bbbccc";
    int ptr;
 
    ptr = strnicmp(buf2, buf1, 3);
 
    if (ptr > 0)
    printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n");
 
    if (ptr < 0)
    printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n");
 
    if (ptr == 0)
    printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1\n");
 
    return 0;
}
 
函数名: strnset
功 能: 将一个串中的所有字符都设为指定字符
用 法: char *strnset(char *str, char ch, unsigned n);
程序例:
 
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
 
int main(void)
{
    char *string = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
    char letter = ‘x‘;
 
    printf("string before strnset: %s\n", string);
    strnset(string, letter, 13);
    printf("string after  strnset: %s\n", string);
 
    return 0;
}
 
函数名: strpbrk
功 能: 在串中查找给定字符集中的字符
用 法: char *strpbrk(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
 
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
 
int main(void)
{
    char *string1 = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
    char *string2 = "onm";
    char *ptr;
 
    ptr = strpbrk(string1, string2);
 
    if (ptr)
    printf("strpbrk found first character: %c\n", *ptr);
    else
    printf("strpbrk didn‘t find character in set\n");
 
    return 0;
}
 
函数名: strrchr
功 能: 在串中查找指定字符的最后一个出现
用 法: char *strrchr(char *str, char c);
程序例:
 
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
 
int main(void)
{
    char string[15];
    char *ptr, c = ‘r‘;
 
    strcpy(string, "This is a string");
    ptr = strrchr(string, c);
    if (ptr)
    printf("The character %c is at position: %d\n", c, ptr-string);
    else
    printf("The character was not found\n");
    return 0;
}
 
函数名: strrev
功 能: 串倒转
用 法: char *strrev(char *str);
程序例:
 
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
 
int main(void)
{
    char *forward = "string";
 
    printf("Before strrev(): %s\n", forward);
    strrev(forward);
    printf("After strrev():  %s\n", forward);
    return 0;
}
 
函数名: strset
功 能: 将一个串中的所有字符都设为指定字符
用 法: char *strset(char *str, char c);
程序例:
 
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
 
int main(void)
{
    char string[10] = "123456789";
    char symbol = ‘c‘;
 
    printf("Before strset(): %s\n", string);
    strset(string, symbol);
    printf("After strset():  %s\n", string);
    return 0;
}
 
函数名: strspn
功 能: 在串中查找指定字符集的子集的第一次出现
用 法: int strspn(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
 
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <alloc.h>
 
int main(void)
{
    char *string1 = "1234567890";
    char *string2 = "123DC8";
    int length;
 
    length = strspn(string1, string2);
    printf("Character where strings differ is at position %d\n", length);
    return 0;
}
 
函数名: strstr
功 能: 在串中查找指定字符串的第一次出现
用 法: char *strstr(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
 
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
 
int main(void)
{
    char *str1 = "Borland International", *str2 = "nation", *ptr;
 
    ptr = strstr(str1, str2);
    printf("The substring is: %s\n", ptr);
    return 0;
}
 
函数名: strtod
功 能: 将字符串转换为double型值
用 法: double strtod(char *str, char **endptr);
程序例:
 
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
 
int main(void)
{
    char input[80], *endptr;
    double value;
 
    printf("Enter a floating point number:");
    gets(input);
    value = strtod(input, &endptr);
    printf("The string is %s the number is %lf\n", input, value);
    return 0;
}
 
函数名: strtok
功 能: 查找由在第二个串中指定的分界符分隔开的单词
用 法: char *strtok(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
 
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
 
int main(void)
{
    char input[16] = "abc,d";
    char *p;
 
    /* strtok places a NULL terminator
     in front of the token, if found */
    p = strtok(input, ",");
    if (p) printf("%s\n", p);
 
    /* A second call to strtok using a NULL
     as the first parameter returns a pointer
     to the character following the token  */
    p = strtok(NULL, ",");
    if (p) printf("%s\n", p);
    return 0;
}
 
函数名: strtol
功 能: 将串转换为长整数
用 法: long strtol(char *str, char **endptr, int base);
程序例:
 
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
 
int main(void)
{
    char *string = "87654321", *endptr;
    long lnumber;
 
    /* strtol converts string to long integer  */
    lnumber = strtol(string, &endptr, 10);
    printf("string = %s  long = %ld\n", string, lnumber);
 
    return 0;
}
 
函数名: strupr
功 能: 将串中的小写字母转换为大写字母
用 法: char *strupr(char *str);
程序例:
 
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
 
int main(void)
{
    char *string = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz", *ptr;
 
    /* converts string to upper case characters */
    ptr = strupr(string);
    printf("%s\n", ptr);
    return 0;
}
 
函数名: swab
功 能: 交换字节
用 法: void swab (char *from, char *to, int nbytes);
程序例:
 
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
 
char source[15] = "rFna koBlrna d";
char target[15];
 
int main(void)
{
    swab(source, target, strlen(source));
    printf("This is target: %s\n", target);
    return 0;
}
转载自:http://www.chinapyg.com/thread-118645-1-1.html

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