25.ContentProvider自定义内容提供者与ContentResolver内容访问者

一.知识概括

二.案例

两个demo
一个专门用来提供数据    ContentProvider内容提供者(存在:数据库)
另一个demo专门用来访问数据   ContentResolver内容访问者
把Android25_ContentProvider里面的数据提供出去

具体代码实现如下

android25_contentprovider项目

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context="com.zking.android25_contentprovider.MainActivity">

    <EditText
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:hint="用户名："
        android:id="@+id/et_main_uname"
        />
    <EditText
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:hint="密码："
        android:id="@+id/et_main_upass"
        />
    <Button
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="操作"
        android:onClick="operation"
        />

</LinearLayout>

MainActivity.java

package com.zking.android25_contentprovider;

import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;

import com.zking.db.DBHelper;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

        private EditText et_main_uname;
        private EditText et_main_upass;
        private SQLiteDatabase sqLiteDatabase;

        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
                super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
                setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
                //获取用户名及密码
                et_main_uname = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_main_uname);
                et_main_upass = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_main_upass);

                //拿到DBHelper这个类
                DBHelper dbHelper=new DBHelper(this,"databaseName.db",null,1);
                sqLiteDatabase = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
        }

        //点击事件
        public void operation(View view){//保存
                //一点就拿到用户名和密码
                String uname=et_main_uname.getText().toString();
                String upass=et_main_upass.getText().toString();

                //添加100条测试数据
                for (int i = 0; i <100 ; i++) {
                    sqLiteDatabase.execSQL("insert into login(uname,upass) values('第"+i+"个人','123')");
                }

                //分页
                int pageNo=2;//拿第几页
                int pageSize=3;//每页拿几条
//                Cursor cursor=sqLiteDatabase.rawQuery("select * from login limit ?,?",new String[]{((pageNo-1)*pageSize)+"",pageSize+""});
//                while (cursor.moveToNext()){
//                        int uid=cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("uid"));
//                        String name=cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("uname"));
//                        String pass=cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("upass"));
//                        Log.i("test",uid+" "+name+" "+pass);
//                }
//                Toast.makeText(this, "查看成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();



        }

}

DBHelper.java

package com.zking.db;

import android.content.Context;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper;
import android.util.Log;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2017/6/25 0025.
 * 数据库(不需要指定数据类型，没有用户名 密码等这个概念)
 */

public class DBHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper{

        /**
         * 构造：4个参数
         * @param context    上下文
         * @param name       数据库的名字，sqlite数据库本质也是一个文件  这个name也被称为“文件名” 一般以.db为结尾
         * @param factory    数据库工厂,一般为null
         * @param version    数据库的版本(例如加表的情况，1.0版本，2.0版本等)
         */
        public DBHelper(Context context, String name, SQLiteDatabase.CursorFactory factory, int version) {
                super(context, name, factory, version);
                Log.i("test","构造方法");//打印测试一下
        }

        //使用该方法:创建表
        //只会调用一次(因为第一次表就已经创建好了)
        @Override
        public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
                Log.i("test","创建表");
                db.execSQL("create table login(uid integer primary key autoincrement,uname,upass)");//创建表的sql语句  主键:primary key  自动增长:autoincrement
        }

        //数据库版本升级 低-->高（想加一个表，及版本从1.0改为2.0自动调用此方法）
        @Override
        public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
                Log.i("test","升级数据库版本");
        }

        //降级:3.0版本改为2.0版本(一般情况下不会存在)
//        @Override
//        public void onDowngrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
//            super.onDowngrade(db, oldVersion, newVersion);
//        }


}

MyProvider.java

package com.zking.provider;

import android.content.ContentProvider;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.util.Log;

import com.zking.db.DBHelper;

/**
 * 我的内容提供者
 *
 */

public class MyProvider extends ContentProvider {
        @Override
        public boolean onCreate() {
            Log.i("test","onCreate");
            return false;
        }

        @Nullable
        @Override
        public Cursor query(@NonNull Uri uri, @Nullable String[] projection, @Nullable String selection, @Nullable String[] selectionArgs, @Nullable String sortOrder) {
            Log.i("test","query");
            //拿到DBHelper这个类
            DBHelper dbHelper=new DBHelper(getContext(),"databaseName.db",null,1);//getContext()上下文对象
            SQLiteDatabase sqLiteDatabase = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
            return sqLiteDatabase.rawQuery("select * from login",null);//没有参数为null
        }

        @Nullable
        @Override
        public String getType(@NonNull Uri uri) {
            Log.i("test","getType");
            return null;
        }

        @Nullable
        @Override
        public Uri insert(@NonNull Uri uri, @Nullable ContentValues values) {
            Log.i("test","insert");
            return null;
        }

        @Override
        public int delete(@NonNull Uri uri, @Nullable String selection, @Nullable String[] selectionArgs) {
            Log.i("test","delete");
            return 0;
        }

        @Override
        public int update(@NonNull Uri uri, @Nullable ContentValues values, @Nullable String selection, @Nullable String[] selectionArgs) {
            Log.i("test","update");
            return 0;
        }
}

AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.zking.android25_contentprovider">

    <application android:allowBackup="true" android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name" android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true" android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

        <!--配置内容提供者-->
        <provider
            android:authorities="com.zking.android25_contentprovider.ZHONGZI"
            android:name="com.zking.provider.MyProvider"
            android:exported="true"
            >
        </provider><!--作者(网址 包名.种子网)：  exported:可访问-->

    </application>

</manifest>

android25_contentresolver项目

MainActivity.java

package com.zking.android25_contentresolver;

import android.content.ContentResolver;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.util.Log;

/**
 * 内容访问者(实际生活中用的比内容提供者多)
 * 应用程序一启动就拿数据
 */
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        //获取android25_contentprovider的数据
        //获取内容访问者
        ContentResolver cr=getContentResolver();
        //content协议:域名
        Uri uri=Uri.parse("content://com.zking.android25_contentprovider.ZHONGZI");
        //传参
        //cr.query(uri,null,null,null,null);
        Cursor cursor=cr.query(uri,null,null,null,null);
        while(cursor.moveToNext()){//拿值
            String uname=cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("uname")) ;//列名可以改为用下标0,1,2等
            Log.i("test",uname);
        }


    }
}

效果图