JPA笔记

Yuan_xii

已于 2022-03-08 15:52:41 修改

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文章标签： linux centos zookeeper

于 2021-01-15 16:36:25 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Yuan_xii/article/details/112674105

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resources/META-INF/persistence.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<persistence xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence
             http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_1.xsd"
             version="2.1">
    <!--
      transaction-type:
        JTA:分布式事务管理
        RESOURCE_LOCAL:本地事务管理
      -->
    <persistence-unit name="default" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
        <provider>org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider</provider>
        <properties>
            <!--            数据源配置-->
            <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.user" value="root"/>
            <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.password" value="123456"/>
            <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
            <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.url"
                      value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/jpalearning?serverTimezone=GMT%2B8"/>

            <!--        jpa实现方配置信息    -->
<!--            是否打印sql语句-->
            <property name="hibernate.show_sql" value="true"/>

<!--            自动创建数据库表
                create:程序运行就创建表;
                update:程序运行时更新表;
                none:不会创建表;-->
            <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="create"/>
        </properties>
    </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

    EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("default");
        //2.通过实体管理器工程获取实体管理器
        EntityManager entityManager = entityManagerFactory.createEntityManager();
        EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();

        transaction.begin();
        entityManager.persist(customer);
        transaction.commit();

        entityManager.close();
        entityManagerFactory.close();

package com.liyuan.model;

import javax.persistence.*;

/**
 * 客户实体类
 * 1、实体类和表的映射关系
 * 2.属性和字段的映射关系
 */
@Entity
@Table(name = "customer")
public class Customer {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    @Column(name = "id")
    private Integer id;
    @Column(name="address")
    private String address;
    @Column(name = "name")
    private String name;
    @Column(name = "level")
    private String level;
    @Column(name = "source")
    private String source;
    @Column(name = "industry")
    private String industry;
    @Column(name = "phone")
    private String phone;

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Customer{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", address='" + address + '\'' +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", level='" + level + '\'' +
                ", source='" + source + '\'' +
                ", industry='" + industry + '\'' +
                ", phone='" + phone + '\'' +
                '}';
    }

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getLevel() {
        return level;
    }

    public void setLevel(String level) {
        this.level = level;
    }

    public String getSource() {
        return source;
    }

    public void setSource(String source) {
        this.source = source;
    }

    public String getIndustry() {
        return industry;
    }

    public void setIndustry(String industry) {
        this.industry = industry;
    }

    public String getPhone() {
        return phone;
    }

    public void setPhone(String phone) {
        this.phone = phone;
    }
}

2

2.1.主键生成策略

@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)

(1)strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY
数据库该字段需要有 auto_increment,对id自动增长

(2) strategy = GenerationType.SEQUENCE
序列，适用于oracle数据库

(3)strategy = GenerationType.TABLE
通过数据库表的形式帮助我们完成主键自增

(4)strategy = generationType.AUTO
由程序自动帮助我们选择主键生成策略

2.2 配置属性和字段映射关系

@Column
name:数据库表中字段名称

2.3.一些方法

EntityManager
beginTransaction:创建事务对象
persist :保存(增)
merge :更新（改）

	 Customer customer1 = entityManager.getReference(Customer.class, 1);
        customer1.setAddress("this is a new address!");
        System.out.println(customer1.toString());
        entityManager.merge(customer1);

remove :删除（删）

	  Customer customer1 = entityManager.getReference(Customer.class, 2);
//        System.out.println(customer1.toString());
        entityManager.remove(customer1);

find/getReference:根据id查询（查）
getReference -> 产生了代理

Transaction:
begin:开启事务
commit:提交事务
rollback:回滚

2.4. JPQL查询

Java Persistence Query Language
SQL：查询的是表和表中的字段；
JPQL：查询的是实体类和类中的属性

1.查询全部

 TypedQuery<Customer> from_customer = entityManager.createQuery("from Customer order by id desc", Customer.class);
        List<Customer> resultList = from_customer.getResultList();
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(resultList.toArray()));

2.分页查询（我测试时失败）

 TypedQuery<Customer> from_customer = entityManager.createQuery("from Customer", Customer.class);
        from_customer.setFirstResult(0);
        from_customer.setMaxResults(10);
        System.out.println(from_customer.getResultList());

3.统计查询

 TypedQuery<Long> query = entityManager.createQuery("select count(id) from Customer ", Long.class);
        Long singleResult = query.getSingleResult();
        System.out.println(singleResult);

4.条件查询

TypedQuery<Customer> query = entityManager.createQuery("from Customer  where id=?1", Customer.class);
        query.setParameter(1, 2);
        Customer singleResult = query.getSingleResult();
        System.out.println(singleResult);

5.排序

p32

Spring Data JPA

1.概述

Spring基于ORM的框架的JPA框架；
Java Persistence API为一套规范，内部由接口和抽象类组成，hibernate是一套成熟的ORM框架，而且Hibernate实现了JPA规范，所以也可以将HIbernate成为JPA的一种实现方式，我们使用JPA的API规范，意味着站在更高的角度上看待问题（面向接口编程）

2.基本操作

3.运行过程及原理

4.复杂查询

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa https://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.liyuan"/>

    <bean id="entityManagerFactory"
          class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <property name="packagesToScan" value="com.liyuan.model"/>
        <property name="persistenceProvider">
            <bean class="org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider"/>
        </property>
        <property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
            <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
                <property name="generateDdl" value="false"/>
                <property name="database" value="MYSQL"/>
                <property name="databasePlatform" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL8Dialect"/>
                <property name="showSql" value="true"/>
            </bean>
        </property>
        <!--        JPA Dialect 高级特性-->
        <property name="jpaDialect">
            <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect"/>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="user" value="root"/>
        <property name="password" value="123456"/>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?serverTimezone=GMT%2B8"/>
        <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
    </bean>
<!--    dao层包扫描-->
    <jpa:repositories base-package="com.liyuan.dao"
                      transaction-manager-ref="transactionManager"
                      entity-manager-factory-ref="entityManagerFactory"/>
<!--    事务管理器-->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
        <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"/>
    </bean>
<!--   -->
</beans>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>JPALearning</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <version>2.3.2.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
        </dependency>
<!--        //jpa->hibernate/spring data\\-->
<!--        //jap->spring data-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.el</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.el-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.glassfish</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.el</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.1-b11</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.5.5</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

        ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("application.xml");
        CustomerDao customerDao = (CustomerDao) applicationContext.getBean("customerDao");
        Optional<Customer> byId = customerDao.findById(2);
        System.out.println(byId.toString());

public interface CustomerDao extends JpaRepository<Customer,Integer>, JpaSpecificationExecutor<Customer> {
}

P47
动态代理了该CustomerDao接口，
JdkDynamicAopProxy
在这里插入图片描述
最终得到的代理类为SimpleJpaRepository

1 通过JdkDynamicAopProxy创建动态代理对象
2 动态代理对象：simpleJpaRepository
3 由下可知simpleJpsRepository也实现了JpaRepository方法，可知其为接口JpaRepository具体实现类
3.1 public class SimpleJpaRepository<T, ID> implements JpaRepositoryImplementation<T, ID>
3.2 public interface JpaRepositoryImplementation<T, ID> extends JpaRepository<T, ID>, JpaSpecificationExecutor
4 通过entityManager完成查询操作
5 JPA规范
6 Hibernate封装jdbc查询数据库

立即加载以及延迟加载；
JPQL;查询实体类
e.g.根据客户名称查询客户

    @Query(value = "from Customer where name= ?1")
    List<Customer> queryByName(String customerName);

p54

Yuan_xii

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JPA笔记

persistence.xml<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?><persistence xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.j
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