目录标题
一:2个视图基类
1.GenericAPIView的属性和方法
属性:
属性 | 作用 |
---|---|
queryset | 要序列化的数据 |
serializer_class | 序列化类 |
lookup_field | 通过get_object获取单个对象的查询key值,value值是路由中传进来的 |
filter_backends | 过滤类 |
pagination_class | 分页类 |
方法:
方法 | 作用 |
---|---|
get_queryset | 获取要序列化的所有数据 |
get_object | 获取要序列化的单条数据 |
get_serializer | 获取序列化类 |
get_serializer_class | 获取序列化类,不是直接用的get_serializer调用的它 |
filter_queryset | 跟过滤有关系 |
paginate_xxx | 跟分页有关系 |
二:基于APIView写5个接口
Class UserView(APIView):
def get(self, request):
res_list = User.object.all()
ser = UserSerializer(instance=res_list, many=True)
return Response(ser.data)
def post(self.request):
ser = UserSerializer(data=request.data)
if ser.is_valid():
ser.save()
return Response({'code': 100, 'msg': '新增成功'}, status=201)
else:
return Response({'code': 101, 'msg': ser.errors})
class UserDetailView(APIView):
def get(self, request, pk):
obj = User.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()
ser = UserSerializer(instance=obj)
return Response(ser.data)
def put(self, request, pk):
obj = User.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()
ser = UserSerializer(instance=obj, data=request.data)
if ser.is_valid():
ser.save()
return Response({'code': 100, 'msg': "修改成功"}, status=201)
else:
return Response({'code': 101, 'msg': ser.errors})
def delete(self, request, pk):
User.objects.filter(pk=pk).delete()
return Response('')
三:基于GenericAPIView写5个接口
class UserView(GenericAPIView):
queryset = User.object.all()
serializer_class = UserSerializer
def get(self, request):
res_list = self.get_queryset()
ser = self.get_serializer(instance=res_list, many=True)
return Response(ser.data)
def post(self, request):
ser = self.get_queryset(data=request.data)
if ser.is_valid():
return Response({'code': 100, 'msg': '新增成功'}, status=201)
else:
return Response({'code': 101, 'msg': ser.errors})
class UserDetailView(GenericAPIView):
queryset = User.objects.all()
serializer_class = UserSerializer
def get(self, request, pk):
obj = self.get_object()
ser = self.get_serializer(instance=obj)
return Response(ser.data)
def put(self, request, pk):
obj = self.get_object()
ser = self.get_serializer(instance=obj, data=request.data)
if ser.is_Valid():
ser.save()
return Response('code': 100, 'msg': '修改成功' )
else:
return Response('code': 101, 'msg': ser.errors)
def delete(self, request, pk):
self.get_queryset().filter(pk=pk).delete()
return Response('')
四:五个视图扩展类
1…基于GenericAPIView+5个视图扩展类写接口
1.必须配合GenericAPIView使用,不能配合APIView使用
from rest_framework.mixins import RetrieveModelMixin, CreateModelMixin, UpdateModelMixin, DestoryModelMixin, ListModelMixin
class UserView(GenericAPIView, ListModelMixin, CreateModelMixin):
# 配置两个类属性
queryset = User.object.all()
serializer_class = UserSerializer
def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
return self.list(request, *args, **kwargs)
def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
return self.create(request, *args, **kwargs)
class UserDetailView(GenericAPIView, RetrieveModelMixin, UpdateModelMixin, DestoryModelMixin):
queryset = User.object.all()
serializer_class = UserSerializer
def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
return self.retrieve(request, *args, **kwargs)
def put(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
return self.update(request, *args, **kwargs)
def delete(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
return self.destory(request, *args, **kwargs)
视图扩展类 | 方法 | 对应视图类中的方法 |
---|---|---|
CreateModelMixin | create | post |
RetrieveModelMixin | retrieve | get |
UpdateModelMixin | update | put |
ListModelMixin | list | get |
DestoryModelMixin | destory | delete |
五:9个视图子类
from rest_framework.generics import ListAPIView,CreateAPIView, RetrieveAPIView,DestroyAPIView,UpdateAPIView
from rest_framework.generics import ListCreateAPIView, RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView,RetrieveUpdateAPIView,RetrieveDestroyAPIView
class UserView(ListCreateAPIView):
# 配置两个 类属性
queryset = User.object.all()
serializer_class = UserSerializer
class UserDetailAPIView(RetrieveUpdateDestoryAPIView):
queryset = User.object.all()
serializer_class = UserSerializer
六:视图集
1.继承ModelViewSet编写5个接口
views.py
form rest_framework.viewsets import ModelViewSet, ReadOnlyModelViewSet
class UserView(ModelViewSet):
queryset = User.object.all()
serializer_class = UserSerializer
urls.py
path('user/', views.UserView.as_view({'get': 'list', 'post': 'create'})),
path('user/<int:pk>', views.UserView.as_view({'get': 'retrieve', 'put': 'update', 'delete': 'destroy'})),
七:源码分析
@classonlymethod
def as_view(cls, actions=None, **initkwargs):
# 路由中as_view中必须传参数,必须传字典:{'get': 'list', 'post': 'create'}
if not actions:
raise TypeError("The `actions` argument must be provided when "
"calling `.as_view()` on a ViewSet. For example "
"`.as_view({'get': 'list'})`")
# 路由匹配成功,执行view(request),request是老的request
def view(request, *args, **kwargs):
# actions={'get': 'list', 'post': 'create'}
for method, action in actions.items():
# method:get action:list
# self 是视图类的对象中通过反射,查找list,
# handler视图类中的list方法
handler = getattr(self, action)
# 向视图类的对象中,反射 method:get,handler:list方法
# self.get=list
setattr(self, method, handler)
return self.dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
return csrf_exempt(view)
# 只要继承了ViewSetMixin,以后路由写法变量,都要协程:views.UserView.as_view({'get': 'list', 'post': 'create'}))
# 这样写好以后,对应的请求方式来了,就会执行配置的方法
# 扩展:
-以后只要继承了ViewSetMixin,视图类中可以写任意名字的方法,不用非得写get,post,delete