拟实现一个基于文本界面的《客户信息管理软件》
进一步掌握编程技巧和调试技巧，熟悉面向对象编程
主要涉及以下知识点：
▶类结构的使用：
▶对象的创建与使用
▶类的封装性
▶声明和使用数组
▶数组的插入、删除和替换
▶关键字的使用：this
import java.util.*;
/**
* CMUtility工具类：
* 将不同的功能封装为方法，就是可以直接通过调用方法使用它的功能，而无需考虑具体的功能实现细节。
*/
public class CMUtility {
private static Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
/**
用于界面菜单的选择。该方法读取键盘，如果用户键入’1’-’5’中的任意字符，则方法返回。返回值为用户键入字符。
*/
public static char readMenuSelection() {
char c;
for (; ; ) {
String str = readKeyBoard(1, false);
c = str.charAt(0);
if (c != '1' && c != '2' &&
c != '3' && c != '4' && c != '5') {
System.out.print("选择错误，请重新输入：");
} else break;
}
return c;
}
/**
从键盘读取一个字符，并将其作为方法的返回值。
*/
public static char readChar() {
String str = readKeyBoard(2, false);
return str.charAt(0);
}
/**
从键盘读取一个字符，并将其作为方法的返回值。
如果用户不输入字符而直接回车，方法将以defaultValue 作为返回值。
*/
public static char readChar(char defaultValue) {
String str = readKeyBoard(2, true);
return (str.length() == 0) ? defaultValue : str.charAt(0);
}
/**
从键盘读取一个长度不超过2位的整数，并将其作为方法的返回值。
*/
public static int readInt() {
int n;
for (; ; ) {
String str = readKeyBoard(2, false);
try {
n = Integer.parseInt(str);
break;
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
System.out.print("数字输入错误，请重新输入：");
}
}
return n;
}
/**
从键盘读取一个长度不超过2位的整数，并将其作为方法的返回值。
如果用户不输入字符而直接回车，方法将以defaultValue 作为返回值。
*/
public static int readInt(int defaultValue) {
int n;
for (; ; ) {
String str = readKeyBoard(2, true);
if (str.equals("")) {
return defaultValue;
}
try {
n = Integer.parseInt(str);
break;
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
System.out.print("数字输入错误，请重新输入：");
}
}
return n;
}
/**
从键盘读取一个长度不超过limit的字符串，并将其作为方法的返回值。
*/
public static String readString(int limit) {
return readKeyBoard(limit, false);
}
/**
从键盘读取一个长度不超过limit的字符串，并将其作为方法的返回值。
如果用户不输入字符而直接回车，方法将以defaultValue 作为返回值。
*/
public static String readString(int limit, String defaultValue) {
String str = readKeyBoard(limit, true);
return str.equals("")? defaultValue : str;
}
/**
用于确认选择的输入。该方法从键盘读取‘Y’或’N’，并将其作为方法的返回值。
*/
public static char readConfirmSelection() {
char c;
for (; ; ) {
String str = readKeyBoard(1, false).toUpperCase();
c = str.charAt(0);
if (c == 'Y' || c == 'N') {
break;
} else {
System.out.print("选择错误，请重新输入：");
}
}
return c;
}
private static String readKeyBoard(int limit, boolean blankReturn) {
String line = "";
while (scanner.hasNextLine()) {
line = scanner.nextLine();
if (line.length() == 0) {
if (blankReturn) return line;
else continue;
}
if (line.length() < 1 || line.length() > limit) {
System.out.print("输入长度（不大于" + limit + "）错误，请重新输入：");
continue;
}
break;
}
return line;
}
}
public class Customer {
private String name;
private char gender = '男';
private int age;
private String phone;
private String email;
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setGender(char gender) {
this.gender = gender;
}
public char getGender() {
return gender;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setPhone(String phone) {
this.phone = phone;
}
public String getPhone() {
return phone;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
//测试
public static void main(String[] args) {
Customer a = new Customer();
a.setAge(28);
a.setEmail("3466@qq.com");
a.setGender('女');
a.setName("张三");
a.setPhone("10086");
System.out.println(a.age+" "+a.email+" "+a.gender+" "+a.name+" "+a.phone);
}
}
public class CustomerList {
private int total = 0;
private Customer[] customers;
private int totalCustomer;
public int getTotalCustomer() {
return totalCustomer;
}
/**
* 用于初始化用户信息数组
* @param totalCustomer
*/
public CustomerList(int totalCustomer) {
this.totalCustomer = totalCustomer;
customers = new Customer[totalCustomer];
}
/**
* 用于增加新的客户
* @param customer 新增客户的信息
* @return 提示增加客户是否成功
*/
public boolean addCustomer(Customer customer) {
if(total < customers.length) {
customers[total] = customer;
this.total++;
return true;
}
return false;
}
/**
* 用途修改指定客户信息
* @param index 客户索引
* @param cust 用于替换的客户信息
* @return 提示替换是否成功
*/
public boolean replaceCustomer(int index, Customer cust) {
if(index < 0||index >= total) return false;
if(customers[index] == null) return false;
else{
customers[index].setAge(cust.getAge() == -1?customers[index].getAge():cust.getAge());
customers[index].setEmail(cust.getEmail() == null?customers[index].getEmail():cust.getEmail());
customers[index].setGender(cust.getGender() == ' '?customers[index].getGender():cust.getGender());
customers[index].setName(cust.getName() == null?customers[index].getName():cust.getName());
customers[index].setPhone(cust.getPhone() == null?customers[index].getPhone():cust.getPhone());
}
return true;
}
/**
* 用于删除指定客户
* @param index 客户索引
* @return 提示删除是否成功
*/
public boolean deleteCustomer(int index) {
if(index < 0||index >= total) return false;
if(customers[index] == null) return false;
else {
for(int i = index; i < total; i++) {
customers[i] = customers[i+1];
}
}
total--;
return true;
}
/**
* 用于获取全部客户
* @return 返回所有客户列表
*/
public Customer[] getAllCustomer() {
Customer[] allCustomer = new Customer[total];
for(int i = 0; i < total; i++) {
allCustomer[i] = customers[i];
}
return allCustomer;
}
/**
* 获取指定客户
* @param index 客户索引
* @return 返回指定客户信息
*/
public Customer getCustomer(int index) {
if(index < 0||index >= total) return null;
return customers[index];
}
/**
* 用于获取计入客户的个数
* @return 返回计入的客户个数
*/
public int getTotal(){
return total;
}
//测试
public static void main(String[] args) {
CustomerList customerList = new CustomerList(5);
Customer a = new Customer();
Customer b = new Customer();
Customer c = new Customer();
Customer d = new Customer();
//Customer e = new Customer();
//Customer f = new Customer();
a.setAge(28);
a.setEmail("3466@qq.com");
a.setGender('F');
a.setName("张三");
a.setPhone("10086");
b.setAge(22);
b.setEmail("12345@qq.com");
b.setGender('M');
b.setName("李四");
b.setPhone("10001");
boolean test1 = customerList.replaceCustomer(0, a);
boolean test2 = customerList.deleteCustomer(0);
boolean test3 = customerList.replaceCustomer(-1, a);
boolean test4 = customerList.deleteCustomer(-1);
Customer test5 = customerList.getCustomer(-1);
boolean test6 = customerList.addCustomer(b);
System.out.println(customerList.total);
boolean test7 = customerList.deleteCustomer(3);
boolean test8 = customerList.deleteCustomer(0);
boolean t1 = customerList.addCustomer(a);
boolean t2 = customerList.addCustomer(b);
boolean t3 = customerList.addCustomer(c);
boolean t4 = customerList.addCustomer(d);
boolean t5 = customerList.deleteCustomer(2);
boolean t6 = customerList.deleteCustomer(0);
System.out.println(test1+" "+ test2+" "+ test3+" "+ test4+" "+ test5+" "+test6
+" "+ test7+" "+test8);
System.out.println(t1+" "+t2+" "+t3+" "+t4+" "+t5+" "+t6+" ");
Customer[] allCustomer = new Customer[0];
allCustomer = customerList.getAllCustomer();
System.out.println(allCustomer.length);
System.out.println(allCustomer[0].getName());
}
}
public class CustomerView {
CustomerList customerList = new CustomerList(10);
//
public void enterMainMenu() {
CustomerView customerView = new CustomerView();
abc: while (true) {
try {
Thread.sleep(300);
System.out.println("--------------客户信息管理软件---------------");
System.out.println("\n\t\t 1 添 加 用 户");
System.out.println("\t\t 2 修 改 用 户");
System.out.println("\t\t 3 删 除 客 户");
System.out.println("\t\t 4 客 户 列 表");
System.out.println("\t\t 5 退 出");
System.out.println("\n\t\t 请选择 (1-5):__");
char num = CMUtility.readMenuSelection();
switch (num) {
case '1':
customerView.addNewCustomer();
break;
case '2':
customerView.modifyCustomer();
break;
case '3':
customerView.deleteCustomer();
break;
case '4':
customerView.listAllCustomers();
break;
case '5':
System.out.println("正在退出...");
break abc;
default:
break;
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
System.out.println("已退出，祝你生活愉快");
}
/**
* 添加客户
*/
private void addNewCustomer() {
if (customerList.getTotal() >= customerList.getTotalCustomer()) {
System.out.println("客户数量已满，无法添加，即将返回主菜单...");
return;
}
System.out.println("-----------------添加客户------------------");
Customer newCust = new Customer();
System.out.print("姓名：");
newCust.setName(CMUtility.readString(10));
// System.out.println();
System.out.print("性别：");
newCust.setGender(CMUtility.readChar());
// System.out.println();
System.out.print("年龄：");
newCust.setAge(CMUtility.readInt());
// System.out.println();
System.out.print("电话：");
newCust.setPhone(CMUtility.readString(15));
// System.out.println();
System.out.print("邮箱：");
while (true) {
String str = CMUtility.readString(20);
String emailMatcher = "[0-9A-Za-z]+@[0-9A-Za-z]+\\.[0-9A-Za-z]+";
if(!str.matches(emailMatcher)) {
System.out.println("邮箱不合法，请重新输入");
continue;
}
newCust.setEmail(str);
break;
}
// System.out.println();
if (customerList.addCustomer(newCust)) {
System.out.println("-----------------添加成功------------------");
System.out.println("正在返回主菜单...");
}
;
}
/**
* 修改客户
*/
private void modifyCustomer() {
if (customerList.getTotal() == 0) {
System.out.println("当前无可修改的客户信息，即将返回主菜单...");
return;
}
System.out.println("-----------------修改客户------------------");
Customer cust = new Customer();
int index = 0;
for (;;) {
System.out.println("请选择待修改客户编号(-1退出)：");
index = CMUtility.readInt();
if (index == -1) {
System.out.println("正在返回...");
return;
}
if (index >= customerList.getTotal()) {
System.out.println("无该编号的客户");
continue;
}
break;
}
Customer oldcust = customerList.getCustomer(index);
System.out.println("请在后方修改，直接回车则保持原状。");
System.out.print("姓名(" + oldcust.getName() + ")：");
cust.setName(CMUtility.readString(20, null));
System.out.print("性别(" + oldcust.getGender() + ")：");
cust.setGender(CMUtility.readChar(' '));
System.out.print("年龄(" + oldcust.getAge() + ")：");
cust.setAge(CMUtility.readInt(-1));
System.out.print("电话(" + oldcust.getPhone() + ")：");
cust.setPhone(CMUtility.readString(15, null));
System.out.print("邮箱(" + oldcust.getEmail() + ")：");
while (true) {
String str = CMUtility.readString(20,null);
if(str == null) {
cust.setEmail(null);
break;
}
String emailMatcher = "[0-9A-Za-z]+@[0-9A-Za-z]+\\.[0-9A-Za-z]+";
if(!str.matches(emailMatcher)) {
System.out.println("邮箱不合法，请重新输入：");
continue;
}
cust.setEmail(str);
}
if (customerList.replaceCustomer(index, cust)) {
System.out.println("-----------修改结束-------------");
System.out.println("正在返回主菜单...");
}
;
}
/**
* 删除客户
*/
private void deleteCustomer() {
if(customerList.getTotal() == 0) {
System.out.println("当前无可操作的客户，即将返回主菜单...");
return;
}
System.out.println("-----------------删除客户------------------");
System.out.println("请选择待删除客户编号(-1退出)：");
int index = 0;
while (true) {
index = CMUtility.readInt();
if (index == -1) {
System.out.println("正在返回...");
return;
} else if (index < 0 || index >= customerList.getTotal()) {
System.out.println("该用户不存在，请重新输入...");
continue;
}
break;
}
System.out.println("确认是否删除客户“"+customerList.getCustomer(index).getName()+"”(Y/N)：");
switch (CMUtility.readConfirmSelection()) {
case 'Y':
customerList.deleteCustomer(index);
System.out.println("-----------------删除成功------------------");
break;
case 'N':
System.out.println("-----------------取消操作------------------");
break;
}
System.out.println("正在返回主菜单...");
}
/**
* 展示所有客户信息
*/
private void listAllCustomers() {
System.out.println("-----------------客户列表------------------");
Customer[] allCustomer;
allCustomer = customerList.getAllCustomer();
System.out.println("编号\t姓名\t性别\t年龄\t电话\t\t邮箱");
for (int i = 0; i < customerList.getTotal(); i++) {
System.out.println(i + "\t" + allCustomer[i].getName() + "\t" + allCustomer[i].getGender() + "\t"
+ allCustomer[i].getAge() + "\t" + allCustomer[i].getPhone() + "\t" + allCustomer[i].getEmail());
}
CMUtility.readChar(' ');
System.out.println("----------------客户列表完成-----------------");
System.out.println("正在返回主菜单...");
}
//程序入口
public static void main(String[] args) {
CustomerView customerView = new CustomerView();
customerView.enterMainMenu();
}
}
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