文件查找
grep: 文件内容过滤find: 文件查找,针对文件名
一、命令文件
# which ls //从PATH环境变量 (echo $PATH)# whereis vim
二、任意文件
A. locate (查询的数据库: /var/lib/mlocate/mlocate.db)计划任务:每天自动更新数据库 /etc/cron.daily/mlocate.cron
手动更新数据库:updatedb
# locate ifcfg-eth0
B. findfind [options] [path...] [expression]
按文件名:
[root@localhost ~]# find /etc -name "ifcfg-eth0"
[root@localhost ~]# find /etc -iname "ifcfg-eth0" //-i忽略大小写
[root@localhost ~]# find /etc -iname "ifcfg-eth*"
按文件大小:
[root@localhost ~]# find /etc -size +5M //大于5M
[root@localhost ~]# find /etc -size 5M
[root@localhost ~]# find /etc -size -5M
[root@localhost ~]# find /etc -size +5M -ls //-ls找到的处理动作
指定查找的目录深度:
-maxdepth levels
-mindepth levels
[root@localhost~]# find / -maxdepth 3 -a -name "ifcfg-eth0"
按时间找(atime,mtime,ctime):
[root@localhost ~]# find /etc -mtime +5 //修改时间超过5天
[root@localhost ~]# find /etc -mtime 5 //修改时间等于5天
[root@localhost ~]# find /etc -mtime -5 //修改时间5天以内
按文件属主、属组找:
[root@localhost ~]# find /home -user jack //属主是jack的文件
[root@localhost ~]# find /home -group hr //属组是hr组的文件
[root@localhost ~]# find /home -user jack -group hr
[root@localhost ~]# find /home -user jack -a -group hr
[root@localhost ~]# find /home -user jack -o -group hr
[root@localhost ~]# find /home -nouser
[root@localhost ~]# find /home -nogroup
[root@localhost ~]# find /home -nouser -o -nogroup
按文件类型:
[root@localhost ~]# find /dev -type f //f普通
[root@localhost ~]# find /dev -type d //d目录
[root@localhost ~]# find /dev -type l //l链接
[root@localhost ~]# find /dev -type b //b块设备
[root@localhost ~]# find /dev -type c //c字符设备
[root@localhost ~]# find /dev -type s //s套接字
[root@localhost ~]# find /dev -type p //p管道文件
按文件权限:
[root@localhost ~]# find . -perm 644 -ls
[root@localhost ~]# find . -perm -644 -ls
[root@localhost ~]# find . -perm -600 -ls
[root@localhost ~]# find . -perm -222 -ls //全局可写
[root@localhost ~]# find /sbin -perm -4000 -ls //包含set uid
[root@localhost ~]# find /sbin -perm -2000 -ls //包含set gid
[root@localhost ~]# find /sbin -perm -1000 -ls //包含sticky
按正则表达式:
-regex pattern
[root@localhost ~]# find /etc -regex '.*ifcfg-eth[0-9]'
.* 任意多个字符
[0-9] 任意一个数字
找到后处理的动作 ACTIONS: (默认动作-print)==
-print-ls
-delete
-exec 后面跟自定义的shell命令
-ok 后面跟自定义的shell命令
[root@localhost ~]# find /etc -name "ifcfg*"
[root@localhost ~]# find /etc -name "ifcfg*" -print
[root@localhost ~]# find /etc -name "ifcfg*" -ls
[root@localhost ~]# find /etc -name "ifcfg*" -exec cp -rvf {} /tmp \;
[root@localhost ~]# find /etc -name "ifcfg*" -ok cp -rvf {} /tmp \;
[root@localhost ~]# find /etc -name "ifcfg*" -exec rm -rf {} \;
[root@localhost ~]# find /etc -name "ifcfg*" -delete
注:find结合xargs
[root@localhost ~]# find . -name "yang*.txt" |xargs rm -rf
[root@localhost ~]# find /etc -name "ifcfg-eth0" |xargs -I {} cp -rf {} /var/tmp