android 如何将链接添加到 TextView,基于官方示例＜TextLinkify＞分析

官方示例:go!go!go

String.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>

    <string name="intro">This sample illustrates how links can be added to a TextView.
    \nThis can be done either automatically by setting the <i>autoLink</i> property
    or explicitly.</string>
    <string name="link_text_auto"><b>text_auto_linkify: Various kinds
      of data that will be auto-linked.</b>
      In this text are some things that are actionable.  For instance,
      you can click on http://www.google.com and it will launch the
      web browser.  You can click on google.com too.  If you
      click on (415) 555-1212 it should dial the phone.  Or just write
      foobar@example.com for an e-mail link.  If you have a URI like
      http://www.example.com/lala/foobar@example.com you should get the
      full link not the e-mail address.  Or you can put a location
      like 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA 94043.  To summarize:
      https://www.google.com, or 650-253-0000, somebody@example.com,
      or 9606 North MoPac Expressway, Suite 400, Austin, TX 78759.</string>
    <string name="link_text_manual"><![CDATA[<b>text_html_resource:
      Explicit links using &lt;a&gt; markup.</b>
      This has markup for a <a href="http://www.google.com">link</a> specified
      via an &lt;a&gt; tag.  Use a \"tel:\" URL
      to <a href="tel:4155551212">dial a phone number</a>.]]></string>

</resources>

布局文件：

<ScrollView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="fill_parent"
        android:orientation="vertical"
        android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
        android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
        android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
        android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin">


        <TextView
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="@string/intro" />

        <!-- text_auto_linkify automatically linkifies things like URLs and phone numbers. -->
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/text_auto_linkify"
            style="@style/LinkText"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:autoLink="all"
            android:text="@string/link_text_auto" />

        <!--
               text_html_resource uses a string resource containing explicit anchor tags (<a>)
               to specify links.
        -->
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/text_html_resource"
            style="@style/LinkText"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

        <!-- text_html_program builds the text in the Java code using HTML. -->
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/text_html_program"
            style="@style/LinkText"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

        <!-- text_spannable builds the text in the Java code without using HTML. -->
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/text_spannable"
            style="@style/LinkText"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
    </LinearLayout>
</ScrollView>

效果：

java代码：

/*
 * Copyright 2013 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package com.example.android.textlinkify;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.graphics.Typeface;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.text.Html;
import android.text.SpannableString;
import android.text.Spanned;
import android.text.method.LinkMovementMethod;
import android.text.style.StyleSpan;
import android.text.style.URLSpan;
import android.widget.TextView;

/**
 * This sample demonstrates how clickable links can be added to a
 * {@link android.widget.TextView}.
 *
 * <p>This can be done in three ways:
 * <ul>
 * <li><b>Automatically:</b> Text added to a TextView can automatically be linkified by enabling
 * autoLinking. In XML, use the android:autoLink property, programatically call
 * {@link android.widget.TextView#setAutoLinkMask(int)} using an option from
 * {@link android.text.util.Linkify}</li>
 *
 * <li><b>Parsing a String as HTML:</b> See {@link android.text.Html#fromHtml(String)})</li>
 *
 * <li><b>Manually by constructing a {@link android.text.SpannableString}:</b> Consisting of
 * {@link android.text.style.StyleSpan} and {@link android.text.style.URLSpan} objects that
 * are contained within a {@link android.text.SpannableString}</li>
 * </ul></p>
 *
 */
public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        setContentView(R.layout.sample_main);

        // BEGIN_INCLUDE(text_auto_linkify)
        /*
         *  text_auto_linkify shows the android:autoLink property, which
         *  automatically linkifies things like URLs and phone numbers
         *  found in the text. No java code is needed to make this
         *  work.
         *  This can also be enabled programmatically by calling
         *  .setAutoLinkMask(Linkify.ALL) before the text is set on the TextView.
         *
         *  See android.text.util.Linkify for other options, for example only
         *  auto-linking email addresses or phone numbers
         */
        // END_INCLUDE(text_auto_linkify)

        // BEGIN_INCLUDE(text_html_resource)
        /*
         * text_html_resource has links specified by putting anchor tags (<a>) in the string
         * resource. By default these links will appear but not
         * respond to user input. To make them active, you need to
         * call setMovementMethod() on the TextView object.
         */
        TextView textViewResource = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.text_html_resource);
        textViewResource.setText(
                Html.fromHtml(getResources().getString(R.string.link_text_manual)));
        textViewResource.setMovementMethod(LinkMovementMethod.getInstance());
        // END_INCLUDE(text_html_resource)

        // BEGIN_INCLUDE(text_html_program)
        /*
         * text_html_program shows creating text with links from HTML in the Java
         * code, rather than from a string resource. Note that for a
         * fixed string, using a (localizable) resource as shown above
         * is usually a better way to go; this example is intended to
         * illustrate how you might display text that came from a
         * dynamic source (eg, the network).
         */
        TextView textViewHtml = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.text_html_program);
        textViewHtml.setText(
                Html.fromHtml(
                        "<b>text_html_program: Constructed from HTML programmatically.</b>"
                                + "  Text with a <a href=\"http://www.google.com\">link</a> "
                                + "created in the Java source code using HTML."));
        textViewHtml.setMovementMethod(LinkMovementMethod.getInstance());
        // END_INCLUDE(text_html_program)

        // BEGIN_INCLUDE(text_spannable)
        /*
         * text_spannable illustrates constructing a styled string containing a
         * link without using HTML at all. Again, for a fixed string
         * you should probably be using a string resource, not a
         * hardcoded value.
         */
        SpannableString ss = new SpannableString(
                "text_spannable: Manually created spans. Click here to dial the phone.");

        /*
         * Make the first 38 characters bold by applying a StyleSpan with bold typeface.
         *
         * Characters 45 to 49 (the word "here") is made clickable by applying a URLSpan
         * pointing to a telephone number. Clicking it opens the "tel:" URL that starts the dialer.
         *
         * The SPAN_EXCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE flag defines this span as exclusive, which means
         * that it will not expand to include text inserted on either side of this span.
         */
        ss.setSpan(new StyleSpan(Typeface.BOLD), 0, 39,
                Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE);
        ss.setSpan(new URLSpan("tel:4155551212"), 40 + 6, 40 + 10,
                Spanned.SPAN_EXCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);

        TextView textViewSpan = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.text_spannable);
        textViewSpan.setText(ss);

        /*
         * Set the movement method to move between links in this TextView.
         * This means that the user traverses through links in this TextView, automatically
         * handling appropriate scrolling and key commands.
         */
        textViewSpan.setMovementMethod(LinkMovementMethod.getInstance());
        // END_INCLUDE(text_spannable)
    }

}

总结：

从整个项目来看是比较容易理解的，里面的重要属性就是 “autoLink”，通过设置“autoLink”属性自动完成此操作，也可以显式地完成此操作。设置了 android:autoLink="all" 后里面的邮箱、链接、电话会自动标注。

在String.xml中经常使用的一些标签[CDATA的使用可参考：go!go!go]：

<b></b>加粗字体

<i></i> 斜体字体

<u></u> 给字体加下划线

\n 换行

\u0020表示空格

\u2026表示省略号

&lt; 小于

&gt; 大于