二进制格式mysql安装与mysql交叉连接

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已于 2022-10-11 15:38:10 修改

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分类专栏： MySQL 文章标签： mysql linux 数据库

于 2022-07-27 18:02:24 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/ZJunWhite/article/details/126020389

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二进制格式mysql安装与mysql交叉连接

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二进制格式mysql安装

前往mysql官网下载二进制安装包https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/（注意：选择操作系统时选Linux-Generic）我这里下载的是mysql-8.0.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

//下载二进制包
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/src/
[root@192 src]# wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

//创建用户和组
[root@192 src]# useradd -M -r -s /sbin/nologin mysql
[root@192 src]# id mysql 
uid=995(mysql) gid=992(mysql) groups=992(mysql)


//解压二进制包
[root@192 src]# tar xf mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@192 src]# ls /usr/local/
bin    include  libexec                              share
etc    lib      mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64  src
games  lib64    sbin


//创建软连接
[root@192 ~]# cd /usr/local/
[root@192 local]# ln -sv mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql
'mysql' -> 'mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/'
[root@192 local]# ll
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jun 22  2021 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jun 22  2021 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jun 22  2021 games
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jun 22  2021 include
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jun 22  2021 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root  17 Jul 25 20:12 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jun 22  2021 libexec
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root  36 Jul 27 15:39 mysql -> mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/
drwxr-xr-x. 9 root root 129 Jul 27 15:38 mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jun 22  2021 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root  49 Jul 25 20:12 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jun 22  2021 src

//修改目录/usr/local/mysql的属主属组
[root@192 local]# chown -R mysql.mysql mysql*
[root@192 local]# ll
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root    6 Jun 22  2021 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root    6 Jun 22  2021 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root    6 Jun 22  2021 games
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root    6 Jun 22  2021 include
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root    6 Jun 22  2021 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root  root   17 Jul 25 20:12 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root    6 Jun 22  2021 libexec
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql  36 Jul 27 15:39 mysql -> mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/
drwxr-xr-x. 9 mysql mysql 129 Jul 27 15:38 mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root    6 Jun 22  2021 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root  root   49 Jul 25 20:12 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root    6 Jun 22  2021 src


//添加环境变量
[root@192 ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
[root@192 bin]# pwd
/usr/local/mysql/bin
[root@192 bin]# echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@192 bin]# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@192 bin]# echo $PATH
/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin


//创建头文件软连接到/usr/incloud/mysql
[root@192 mysql]# ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include/ /usr/include/mysql
'/usr/include/mysql' -> '/usr/local/mysql/include/'

//配置lib
[root@192 mysql]# vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
[root@192 mysql]# cat /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
/usr/local/mysql/lib/
[root@192 mysql]# ldconfig 

//配置man
[root@192 mysql]# vim /etc/man_db.conf 
MANDATORY_MANPATH                       /usr/man
MANDATORY_MANPATH                       /usr/share/man
MANDATORY_MANPATH                       /usr/local/share/man
MANDATORY_MANPATH                       /usr/local/mysql/man

//建立数据存放目录
[root@192 ~]# mkdir /opt/data
[root@192 ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data/

//初始化数据库，请注意，这个命令的最后会生成一个临时密码
[root@192 ~]#  mysqld --initialize --user mysql --datadir /opt/data/
2022-07-27T07:52:57.535818Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2022-07-27T07:52:57.720839Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2022-07-27T07:52:57.765114Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2022-07-27T07:52:57.830226Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 214280fd-0d81-11ed-9a09-000c29a9872e.
2022-07-27T07:52:57.831162Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2022-07-27T07:52:58.048317Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2022-07-27T07:52:58.048356Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1.1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2022-07-27T07:52:58.048747Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2022-07-27T07:52:58.138803Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: hAxQ36EpNK<j


//生成配置文件
[root@192 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[root@192 ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /opt/data
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
port = 3306
pid-file = /opt/data/mysql.pid
user = mysql
skip-name-resolve
sql-mode = STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
[root@192 ~]# 

//配置mysql启动配置
[root@192 ~]# cp /usr/lib/systemd/system/sshd.service .
[root@192 ~]# mv sshd.service mysqld.service
[root@192 ~]# vim mysqld.service 
[root@192 ~]# cat mysqld.service
[Unit]
Description=mysql server daemon
After=network.target sshd-keygen.target

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start
ExecStop=/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server stop
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[root@192 ~]# mv mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system
[root@192 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload 
[root@192 ~]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@192 ~]# systemctl status mysqld.service 
● mysqld.service - mysql server daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; disab>
   Active: active (running) since Wed 2022-07-27 16:03:17 CST; 3>
  Process: 2705 ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.s>
 Main PID: 2718 (mysqld_safe)
    Tasks: 28 (limit: 11217)
   Memory: 175.9M
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           ├─2718 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --dat>
           └─2918 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/loc>

Jul 27 16:03:16 192.168.159.162 systemd[1]: Starting mysql serve>
Jul 27 16:03:16 192.168.159.162 mysql.server[2705]: Starting MyS>
Jul 27 16:03:17 192.168.159.162 mysql.server[2705]:  SUCCESS!
Jul 27 16:03:17 192.168.159.162 systemd[1]: Started mysql server>
lines 1-15/15 (END)
[root@192 ~]# ss -antl
State  Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:PortProcess 
LISTEN 0      128          0.0.0.0:22        0.0.0.0:*           
LISTEN 0      80                 *:3306            *:*           
LISTEN 0      128             [::]:22           [::]:*

安装完成进入数据库

输入初始化时给的临时密码

[root@192 ~]# mysql -uroot -p'hAxQ36EpNK<j'
mysql: error while loading shared libraries: libncurses.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
//这没有进入是因为缺少一个包，不要慌下载一个就好了
[root@192 ~]# yum whatprovides libncurses.so.5
Last metadata expiration check: 0:11:11 ago on Wed 27 Jul 2022 03:58:38 PM CST.
ncurses-compat-libs-6.1-9.20180224.el8.i686 : Ncurses
     ...: compatibility libraries
Repo        : base
Matched from:
Provide    : libncurses.so.5

[root@192 ~]# yum -y install ncurses-compat-libs

//再次进入成功
[root@192 ~]# mysql -uroot -p'hAxQ36EpNK<j'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.38

Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 

//修改密码
mysql> set password = password('123');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye
[root@192 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.38 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

破解密码

[root@192 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
skip-grant-tables  //手动添加这一行

//免密进入数据库修改密码
[root@192 ~]# mysql  
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.38 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> use mysql;  //进入mysql库
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> update user set //修改root密码authentication_string=password('456') where user='root';
;
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 1

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

//编辑配置文件将skip-grant-tables参数注释或删除
[root@192 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf 
#skip-grant-tables

//登录测试
[root@192 ~]# mysql -uroot -p456
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.38 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

多表联合查询

前面所讲的查询语句都是针对一个表的，但是在关系型数据库中，表与表之间是有联系的，所以在实际应用中，经常使用多表查询。多表查询就是同时查询两个或两个以上的表。
在 MySQL 中，多表查询主要有交叉连接、内连接、外连接、分组查询与子查询等5种。

交叉连接(CROSS JOIN)

交叉连接(CROSS JOIN)：有两种，显式的和隐式的2种，一般用来返回连接表的笛卡尔积。
笛卡尔积（Cartesian product）是指两个集合 X 和 Y 的乘积。

多表查询遵循的算法就是以上提到的笛卡尔积，表与表之间的连接可以看成是在做乘法运算。在实际应用中，应避免使用笛卡尔积，因为笛卡尔积中容易存在大量的不合理数据，简单来说就是容易导致查询结果重复、混乱。

语法说明如下：

字段名：需要查询的字段名称。
<表1><表2>：需要交叉连接的表名。
WHERE 子句：用来设置交叉连接的查询条件。

注意：多个表交叉连接时，在 FROM 后连续使用 CROSS JOIN 或,即可。以上两种语法的返回结果是相同的，但是第一种语法才是官方建议的标准写法。

当连接的表之间没有关系时，我们会省略掉 WHERE 子句，这时返回结果就是两个表的笛卡尔积，返回结果数量就是两个表的数据行相乘。需要注意的是，如果每个表有 1000 行，那么返回结果的数量就有 1000×1000 = 1000000 行，数据量是非常巨大的。

交叉连接可以查询两个或两个以上的表，为了更好的理解，我们就讲解两个表的交叉连接查询。
例 1
查询学生信息表和科目信息表，并得到一个笛卡尔积。

为了方便观察学生信息表和科目表交叉连接后的运行结果，我们先分别查询出这两个表的数据，再进行交叉连接查询。

   //创建tb_students_info表并插入以下数据

//先创建一个数据库
mysql> create database runtime;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
//进入数据库
mysql> use runtime;
Database changed
//创建表并设置字段类型
mysql> create table tb_students_info(id int not null primary keyauto_increment,name varchar(50),age tinyint,sex varchar(4),height float,course_id int) default charset=utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
//查看表结构
mysql> desc tb_students_info;
+-----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field     | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
+-----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id        | int(11)     | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |
| name      | varchar(50) | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| age       | tinyint(4)  | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| sex       | varchar(4)  | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| height    | float       | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| course_id | int(11)     | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
+-----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
//插入字段
mysql> insert into tb_students_info (name,age,sex,height,course_id) values('Dany',25,'男',160,1),('Green',23,'男',158,2),('Henry',223,'女',185,1),('Jane',22,'男',162,3),('Jim',24,'女',175,2),('Johnn',21,'女',172,4),('Lily',22,'男',165,4),('Susan',23,'男',170,5),(('Thomas',22,'女',178,5),('Tom',23,'女',165,5);
Query OK, 10 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 10  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0
//显示表内容
mysql> select * from tb_students_info;
+----+--------+------+------+--------+-----------+
| id | name   | age  | sex  | height | course_id |
+----+--------+------+------+--------+-----------+
|  1 | Dany   |   25 | 男   |    160 |         1 |
|  2 | Green  |   23 | 男   |    158 |         2 |
|  3 | Henry  |   23 | 女   |    185 |         1 |
|  4 | Jane   |   22 | 男   |    162 |         3 |
|  5 | Jim    |   24 | 女   |    175 |         2 |
|  6 | John   |   21 | 女   |    172 |         4 |
|  7 | Lily   |   22 | 男   |    165 |         4 |
|  8 | Susan  |   23 | 男   |    170 |         5 |
|  9 | Thomas |   22 | 女   |    178 |         5 |
| 10 | Tom    |   23 | 女   |    165 |         5 |
+----+--------+------+------+--------+-----------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)
//再创建一个tb_course表如下

//创建表字段类型
mysql> create table tb_course(id int not null primary key auto_increment,course_name varchar(50));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
//表结构
mysql> desc tb_course;
+-------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field       | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
+-------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id          | int(11)     | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |
| course_name | varchar(50) | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
+-------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

//插入数据
mysql> insert into tb_course(course_name) values('Java'),('MySQL')),('Python'),('Go'),('C++');
Query OK, 5 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 5  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

//查看表数据
mysql> select * from tb_course;
+----+-------------+
| id | course_name |
+----+-------------+
|  1 | Java        |
|  2 | MySQL       |
|  3 | Python      |
|  4 | Go          |
|  5 | C++         |
+----+-------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

//使用 CROSS JOIN 查询出两张表中的笛卡尔积，SQL 语句和运行结果如下：
mysql> select * from tb_course cross join tb_students_info;
+----+-------------+----+--------+------+------+--------+-----------+
| id | course_name | id | name   | age  | sex  | height | course_id |
+----+-------------+----+--------+------+------+--------+-----------+
|  1 | Java        |  1 | Dany   |   25 | 男   |    160 |         1 |
|  2 | MySQL       |  1 | Dany   |   25 | 男   |    160 |         1 |
|  3 | Python      |  1 | Dany   |   25 | 男   |    160 |         1 |
|  4 | Go          |  1 | Dany   |   25 | 男   |    160 |         1 |
|  5 | C++         |  1 | Dany   |   25 | 男   |    160 |         1 |
|  1 | Java        |  2 | Green  |   23 | 男   |    158 |         2 |
|  2 | MySQL       |  2 | Green  |   23 | 男   |    158 |         2 |
|  3 | Python      |  2 | Green  |   23 | 男   |    158 |         2 |
|  4 | Go          |  2 | Green  |   23 | 男   |    158 |         2 |
|  5 | C++         |  2 | Green  |   23 | 男   |    158 |         2 |
|  1 | Java        |  3 | Henry  |   23 | 女   |    185 |         1 |
|  2 | MySQL       |  3 | Henry  |   23 | 女   |    185 |         1 |
|  3 | Python      |  3 | Henry  |   23 | 女   |    185 |         1 |
|  4 | Go          |  3 | Henry  |   23 | 女   |    185 |         1 |
|  5 | C++         |  3 | Henry  |   23 | 女   |    185 |         1 |
|  1 | Java        |  4 | Jane   |   22 | 男   |    162 |         3 |
|  2 | MySQL       |  4 | Jane   |   22 | 男   |    162 |         3 |
|  3 | Python      |  4 | Jane   |   22 | 男   |    162 |         3 |
|  4 | Go          |  4 | Jane   |   22 | 男   |    162 |         3 |
|  5 | C++         |  4 | Jane   |   22 | 男   |    162 |         3 |
|  1 | Java        |  5 | Jim    |   24 | 女   |    175 |         2 |
|  2 | MySQL       |  5 | Jim    |   24 | 女   |    175 |         2 |
|  3 | Python      |  5 | Jim    |   24 | 女   |    175 |         2 |
|  4 | Go          |  5 | Jim    |   24 | 女   |    175 |         2 |
|  5 | C++         |  5 | Jim    |   24 | 女   |    175 |         2 |
|  1 | Java        |  6 | John   |   21 | 女   |    172 |         4 |
|  2 | MySQL       |  6 | John   |   21 | 女   |    172 |         4 |
|  3 | Python      |  6 | John   |   21 | 女   |    172 |         4 |
|  4 | Go          |  6 | John   |   21 | 女   |    172 |         4 |
|  5 | C++         |  6 | John   |   21 | 女   |    172 |         4 |
|  1 | Java        |  7 | Lily   |   22 | 男   |    165 |         4 |
|  2 | MySQL       |  7 | Lily   |   22 | 男   |    165 |         4 |
|  3 | Python      |  7 | Lily   |   22 | 男   |    165 |         4 |
|  4 | Go          |  7 | Lily   |   22 | 男   |    165 |         4 |
|  5 | C++         |  7 | Lily   |   22 | 男   |    165 |         4 |
|  1 | Java        |  8 | Susan  |   23 | 男   |    170 |         5 |
|  2 | MySQL       |  8 | Susan  |   23 | 男   |    170 |         5 |
|  3 | Python      |  8 | Susan  |   23 | 男   |    170 |         5 |
|  4 | Go          |  8 | Susan  |   23 | 男   |    170 |         5 |
|  5 | C++         |  8 | Susan  |   23 | 男   |    170 |         5 |
|  1 | Java        |  9 | Thomas |   22 | 女   |    178 |         5 |
|  2 | MySQL       |  9 | Thomas |   22 | 女   |    178 |         5 |
|  3 | Python      |  9 | Thomas |   22 | 女   |    178 |         5 |
|  4 | Go          |  9 | Thomas |   22 | 女   |    178 |         5 |
|  5 | C++         |  9 | Thomas |   22 | 女   |    178 |         5 |
|  1 | Java        | 10 | Tom    |   23 | 女   |    165 |         5 |
|  2 | MySQL       | 10 | Tom    |   23 | 女   |    165 |         5 |
|  3 | Python      | 10 | Tom    |   23 | 女   |    165 |         5 |
|  4 | Go          | 10 | Tom    |   23 | 女   |    165 |         5 |
|  5 | C++         | 10 | Tom    |   23 | 女   |    165 |         5 |
+----+-------------+----+--------+------+------+--------+-----------+
50 rows in set (0.00 sec)

//查询 tb_course 表中的 id 字段和 tb_students_info 表中的 course_id 字段相等的内容， SQL 语句和运行结果如下：
mysql> select * from tb_course cross join tb_students_info wheretb_students_info.course_id = tb_course.id;
+----+-------------+----+--------+------+------+--------+-----------+
| id | course_name | id | name   | age  | sex  | height | course_id |
+----+-------------+----+--------+------+------+--------+-----------+
|  1 | Java        |  1 | Dany   |   25 | 男   |    160 |         1 |
|  2 | MySQL       |  2 | Green  |   23 | 男   |    158 |         2 |
|  1 | Java        |  3 | Henry  |   23 | 女   |    185 |         1 |
|  3 | Python      |  4 | Jane   |   22 | 男   |    162 |         3 |
|  2 | MySQL       |  5 | Jim    |   24 | 女   |    175 |         2 |
|  4 | Go          |  6 | John   |   21 | 女   |    172 |         4 |
|  4 | Go          |  7 | Lily   |   22 | 男   |    165 |         4 |
|  5 | C++         |  8 | Susan  |   23 | 男   |    170 |         5 |
|  5 | C++         |  9 | Thomas |   22 | 女   |    178 |         5 |
|  5 | C++         | 10 | Tom    |   23 | 女   |    165 |         5 |
+----+-------------+----+--------+------+------+--------+-----------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)

//只查询课程名和对应的人名
mysql> select tb_course.course_name,tb_students_info.name from tb_course cross join tb_students_info where tb_students_info.course_id = tb_course.id;
+-------------+--------+
| course_name | name   |
+-------------+--------+
| Java        | Dany   |
| MySQL       | Green  |
| Java        | Henry  |
| Python      | Jane   |
| MySQL       | Jim    |
| Go          | John   |
| Go          | Lily   |
| C++         | Susan  |
| C++         | Thomas |
| C++         | Tom    |
+-------------+--------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)

//查询学习java的人
mysql> select tb_course.course_name,tb_students_info.name from tb_course cross join tb_students_info where tb_students_info.course_id = tb_course.id and tb_course.course_name = 'Java';
+-------------+-------+
| course_name | name  |
+-------------+-------+
| Java        | Dany  |
| Java        | Henry |
+-------------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

//查看学习java的平均年龄
mysql> select tb_course.course_name,avg(tb_students_info.age) from tb_course crross join tb_students_info where tb_students_info.course_id = tb_course.id and tb_course.course_name = 'Java';
+-------------+---------------------------+
| course_name | avg(tb_students_info.age) |
+-------------+---------------------------+
| Java        |                   24.0000 |
+-------------+---------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

-------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

//查看学习java的平均年龄
mysql> select tb_course.course_name,avg(tb_students_info.age) from tb_course crross join tb_students_info where tb_students_info.course_id = tb_course.id and tb_course.course_name = ‘Java’;
±------------±--------------------------+
| course_name | avg(tb_students_info.age) |
±------------±--------------------------+
| Java | 24.0000 |
±------------±--------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)