C++ 二进制转BCD码

二进制转 BCD 码, 进而可以转为十进制字符串表示.

这里采用"移位加三"方法, 也叫"Double Dabble 算法".  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_dabble 

template<size_t _BITS>
std::vector<unsigned char> bcd( const std::bitset<_BITS>& bits )
{
    std::vector<unsigned char> buf;
    buf.push_back( 0 );
    for( auto i = bits.size(); i-- != 0; )
    {
        int carries0 = bits.test( i ) ? 1 : 0;

        for( auto& n : buf )
        {
            if( ( n & 0xf0 ) >= 0x50 )
            {
                n += 0x30;
            }
            if( ( n & 0x0f ) >= 5 )
            {
                n += 3;
            }

            int carries1 = n > 127 ? 1 : 0;

            n <<= 1;
            n |= carries0;
            carries0 = carries1;
        }

        if( carries0 != 0 )
        {
            buf.push_back( 1 );
        }
    }
    return buf;
}