Hadoop搭建笔记（23）

本文是我学习Hadoop搭建过程中的各种笔记，内容来自于各种公开的教程，起点非常低，从Linux基础开始，直至在PC上搭建Hadoop成功，是真正的从零开始。

 

感谢过程中帮助我的各位认识的和不认识的老师。

40、Ssh免登陆配置：

上面集群搭建好，也已经测试成功，但是在启停集群服务时需要输入密码，如果是几十台的就要一直输入密码，密码多次输入会导致服务不能正常启动或停止

借助ssh的免登陆：ssh：安全的一个shell，用它进行免登陆，在此启停服务，操作此台机子，跨机子操作另一台服务器都不用密码了

配置ssh:    ssh-keygen –t rsa

[root@hadoop01 hadoop-2.7.1]# ssh-keygen -t rsa

Generating public/private rsa key pair.

Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): （按回车）

Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): （按回车）

Enter same passphrase again: （按回车）

Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.

Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.

The key fingerprint is: （按回车）

ac:b6:58:3c:95:ec:4c:42:3a:6d:16:90:dd:b2:11:0a root@hadoop01

The key's randomart image is: （按回车）

+--[ RSA 2048]----+

|  E .o.o         |

|   ..o+ .        |

|    . o+         |

|     +.+ .       |

|    o = S        |

|     = B         |

|      * o        |

|     + o         |

|    . .          |

+-----------------+

rsa指加密的类型。  按回车、回车、回车，生成一种图时可以了

此时多了两个目录id_rsa和id_rsa.pub：  ll ~/ .ssh/

相当于生成公钥，私钥的对id_rsa和id_rsa.pub  known-hosts：记载着访问过这台主机的一些主机名】

[root@hadoop01 hadoop-2.7.1]# ll ~/.ssh/

total 12

-rw-------. 1 root root 1675 Apr 26 10:24 id_rsa

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  395 Apr 26 10:24 id_rsa.pub

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1218 Apr 26 08:41 known_hosts

在hadoop02上没有任何文件的： 

[root@hadoop02 local]# ll ~/.ssh/

total 0

设置免密码.ssh的三种方式：

选用第三种方式：

拷贝前，此时需要输密码 root：   ssh hadoop01

[root@hadoop01 hadoop-2.7.1]# ssh hadoop01

root@hadoop01's password:

Last login: Thu Apr 26 10:37:47 2018 from hadoop01

退出去：  exit

[root@hadoop01 ~]# exit

logout

Connection to hadoop01 closed.

把公钥拷贝到当前的机子上：ssh-copy-id hadoop01需要输密码

[root@hadoop01 hadoop-2.7.1]# ssh-copy-id hadoop01

root@hadoop01's password:

Now try logging into the machine, with "ssh 'hadoop01'", and check in:

  .ssh/authorized_keys

to make sure we haven't added extra keys that you weren't expecting.

看有没有这个文件     ll ~/ .ssh/

[root@hadoop01 ~]# ll ~/.ssh/

total 16

-rw-------. 1 root root  395 Apr 26 10:41 authorized_keys

-rw-------. 1 root root 1675 Apr 26 10:24 id_rsa

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  395 Apr 26 10:24 id_rsa.pub

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1218 Apr 26 08:41 known_hosts

刚才执行的命令，产生了authorized_keys这个文件，相当于把公钥复制的这个authorized_keys钥匙的文件里面

 

再次访问hadoop01，此时就不需要密码了  ssh hadoop01

[root@hadoop01 ~]# ssh hadoop01

Last login: Thu Apr 26 10:59:58 2018 from hadoop01

-bash: my: command not found  问

在hadoop01远程登录hadoop02：  ssh hadoop02

此时不能过来，需要输入密码

[root@hadoop01 ~]# ssh hadoop02

root@hadoop02's password:

Last login: Thu Apr 26 09:13:22 2018 from 192.168.216.1

-bash: my: command not found

退出去：exit  

[root@hadoop02 ~]# exit

logout

Connection to hadoop02 closed.

在hadoop02上查看： ll ~/ .ssh/

[root@hadoop02 local]# ll ~/.ssh/

total 0

在hadoop01执行：ssh-copy-id hadoop02

[root@hadoop01 ~]# ssh-copy-id hadoop02

root@hadoop02's password:

Now try logging into the machine, with "ssh 'hadoop02'", and check in:

  .ssh/authorized_keys

to make sure we