1 学生成绩管理系统V5.0(4分)
题目内容:
某班有最多不超过30人(具体人数由键盘输入)参加期末考试,最多不超过6门(具体门数由键盘输入)。参考学生成绩管理系统V4.0,定义结构体类型,用结构体数组作函数参数,编程实现如下菜单驱动的学生成绩管理系统:
(1)录入每个学生的学号、姓名和各科考试成绩;
(2)计算每门课程的总分和平均分;
(3)计算每个学生的总分和平均分;
(4)按每个学生的总分由高到低排出名次表;
(5)按每个学生的总分由低到高排出名次表;
(6)按学号由小到大排出成绩表;
(7)按姓名的字典顺序排出成绩表;
(8)按学号查询学生排名及其考试成绩;
(9)按姓名查询学生排名及其考试成绩;
(10)按优秀(90~100)、良好(80~89)、中等(70~79)、及格(60~69)、不及格(0~59)5个类别,对每门课程分别统计每个类别的人数以及所占的百分比;
(11)输出每个学生的学号、姓名、各科考试成绩,以及每门课程的总分和平均分。
要求程序运行后先显示如下菜单,并提示用户输入选项:
Management for Students' scores
1.Input record
2.Caculate total and average score of every course
3.Caculate total and average score of every student
4.Sort in descending order by score
5.Sort in ascending order by score
6.Sort in ascending order by number
7.Sort in dictionary order by name
8.Search by number
9.Search by name
10.Statistic analysis
11.List record
0.Exit
Please Input your choice:
然后,根据用户输入的选项执行相应的操作。
程序的主要框架如下,请将主函数里的函数调用语句中缺少的实参、以及自定义函数中的函数体(用.......替代的部分)补充完整。
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#define MAX_LEN 10 /* 字符串最大长度 */
#define STU_NUM 30 /* 最多的学生人数 */
#define COURSE_NUM 6 /* 最多的考试科目数 */
typedef struct student
{
long num; /* 每个学生的学号 */
char name[MAX_LEN]; /* 每个学生的姓名 */
float score[COURSE_NUM]; /* 每个学生COURSE_NUM门功课的成绩 */
float sum; /* 每个学生的总成绩 */
float aver; /* 每个学生的平均成绩 */
}STU;
int Menu(void);
void ReadScore(STU stu[], int n, int m);
void AverSumofEveryStudent(STU stu[], int n, int m);
void AverSumofEveryCourse(STU stu[], int n, int m);
void SortbyScore(STU stu[],int n,int m,int (*compare)(float a,float b));
int Ascending(float a, float b);
int Descending(float a, float b);
void SwapFloat(float *x, float *y);
void SwapLong(long *x, long *y);
void SwapChar(char x[], char y[]);
void AsSortbyNum(STU stu[], int n, int m);
void SortbyName(STU stu[], int n, int m);
void SearchbyNum(STU stu[], int n, int m);
void SearchbyName(STU stu[], int n, int m);
void StatisticAnalysis(STU stu[], int n, int m);
void PrintScore(STU stu[], int n, int m);
int main()
{
char ch;
int n = 0, m = 0; /* 学生人数为n,课程门数为m */
STU stu[STU_NUM];
printf("Input student number(n<=30):\n", STU_NUM);
scanf("%d", &n);
while (1)
{
ch = Menu(); /* 显示菜单,并读取用户输入 */
switch (ch)
{
case 1:
printf("Input course number(m<=%d):\n",COURSE_NUM);
scanf("%d", &m);
ReadScore(..........);
break;
case 2:
AverSumofEveryCourse(..........);
break;
case 3:
AverSumofEveryStudent(..........);
break;
case 4:
SortbyScore(..........);
printf("Sort in descending order by score:\n");
PrintScore(..........);
break;
case 5:
SortbyScore(..........);
printf("Sort in ascending order by score:\n");
PrintScore(..........);
break;
case 6:
AsSortbyNum(..........);
printf("Sort in ascending order by number:\n");
PrintScore(..........);
break;
case 7:
SortbyName(..........);
printf("Sort in dictionary order by name:\n");
PrintScore(..........);
break;
case 8:
SearchbyNum(..........);
break;
case 9:
SearchbyName(..........);
break;
case 10:
StatisticAnalysis(..........);
break;
case 11:
PrintScore(..........);
break;
case 0:
printf("End of program!");
exit(0);
default: printf("Input error!\n");
}
}
return 0;
}
/* 函数功能:显示菜单并获得用户键盘输入的选项 */
int Menu(void)
{
..........
}
/* 函数功能:输入n个学生的m门课成绩 */
void ReadScore(STU stu[], int n, int m)
{
..........
}
/* 函数功能:计算每个学生各门课程的总分和平均分 */
void AverSumofEveryStudent(STU stu[], int n, int m)
{
..........
}
/* 函数功能:计算每门课程的总分和平均分 */
void AverSumofEveryCourse(STU stu[], int n, int m)
{
..........
}
/* 函数功能:按选择法将数组sum的元素值排序 */
void SortbyScore(STU stu[], int n, int m, int (*compare)(float a, float b))
{
..........
}
/* 使数据按升序排序 */
int Ascending(float a, float b)
{
..........
}
/* 使数据按降序排序 */
int Descending(float a, float b)
{
..........
}
/* 交换两个单精度浮点型数据 */
void SwapFloat(float *x, float *y)
{
..........
}
/* 交换两个长整型数据 */
void SwapLong(long *x, long *y)
{
..........
}
/* 交换两个字符串 */
void SwapChar(char x[], char y[])
{
..........
}
/* 函数功能:按选择法将数组num的元素值按从低到高排序 */
void AsSortbyNum(STU stu[], int n, int m)
{
..........
}
/* 函数功能:交换法实现字符串按字典顺序排序 */
void SortbyName(STU stu[], int n, int m)
{
..........
}
/* 函数功能:按学号查找学生成绩并显示查找结果 */
void SearchbyNum(STU stu[], int n, int m)
{
..........
}
/* 函数功能:按姓名的字典顺序排出成绩表 */
void SearchbyName(STU stu[], int n, int m)
{
..........
}
/* 函数功能:统计各分数段的学生人数及所占的百分比 */
void StatisticAnalysis(STU stu[], int n, int m)
{
..........
}
/* 函数功能: 打印学生成绩 */
void PrintScore(STU stu[], int n, int m)
{
..........
}
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#define MAX_LEN 10 /* 字符串最大长度 */
#define STU_NUM 30 /* 最多的学生人数 */
#define COURSE_NUM 6 /* 最多的考试科目数 */
typedef struct student
{
long num; /* 每个学生的学号 */
char name[MAX_LEN]; /* 每个学生的姓名 */
float score[COURSE_NUM]; /* 每个学生COURSE_NUM门功课的成绩 */
float sum; /* 每个学生的总成绩 */
float aver; /* 每个学生的平均成绩 */
} STU;
int Menu(void);
void ReadScore(STU stu[], int n, int m);
void AverSumofEveryStudent(STU stu[], int n, int m);
void AverSumofEveryCourse(STU stu[], int n, int m);
void SortbyScore(STU stu[], int n, int m, int (*compare)(float a, float b));
int Ascending(float a, float b);
int Descending(float a, float b);
void SwapFloat(float *x, float *y);
void SwapLong(long *x, long *y);
void SwapChar(char x[], char y[]);
void AsSortbyNum(STU stu[], int n, int m);
void SortbyName(STU stu[], int n, int m);
void SearchbyNum(STU stu[], int n, int m);
void SearchbyName(STU stu[], int n, int m);
void StatisticAnalysis(STU stu[], int n, int m);
void PrintScore(STU stu[], int n, int m);
int main()
{
char ch;
int n = 0, m = 0; /* 学生人数为n,课程门数为m */
STU stu[STU_NUM];
printf("Input student number(n<=30):\n", STU_NUM);
scanf("%d", &n);
while (1)
{
ch = Menu(); /* 显示菜单,并读取用户输入 */
switch (ch)
{
case 1:
printf("Input course number(m<=%d):\n", COURSE_NUM);
scanf("%d", &m);
ReadScore(stu, n, m);
break;
case 2:
AverSumofEveryCourse(stu, n, m);
break;
case 3:
AverSumofEveryStudent(stu, n, m);
break;
case 4:
SortbyScore(stu, n, m, Descending);
printf("Sort in descending order by score:\n");
PrintScore(stu, n, m);
break;
case 5:
SortbyScore(stu, n, m, Ascending);
printf("Sort in ascending order by score:\n");
PrintScore(stu, n, m);
break;
case 6:
AsSortbyNum(stu, n, m);
printf("Sort in ascending order by number:\n");
PrintScore(stu, n, m);
break;
case 7:
SortbyName(stu, n, m);
printf("Sort in dictionary order by name:\n");
PrintScore(stu, n, m);
break;
case 8:
SearchbyNum(stu, n, m);
break;
case 9:
SearchbyName(stu, n, m);
break;
case 10:
StatisticAnalysis(stu, n, m);
break;
case 11:
PrintScore(stu, n, m);
break;
case 0:
printf("End of program!");
exit(0);
default:
printf("Input error!\n");
}
}
return 0;
}
/* 函数功能:显示菜单并获得用户键盘输入的选项 */
int Menu(void)
{
int ch;
printf("Management for Students' scores\n"
"1.Input record\n"
"2.Caculate total and average score of every course\n"
"3.Caculate total and average score of every student\n"
"4.Sort in descending order by score\n"
"5.Sort in ascending order by score\n"
"6.Sort in ascending order by number\n"
"7.Sort in dictionary order by name\n"
"8.Search by number\n"
"9.Search by name\n"
"10.Statistic analysis\n"
"11.List record\n"
"0.Exit\n"
"Please Input your choice:\n");
scanf("%d", &ch);
return ch;
}
/* 函数功能:输入n个学生的m门课成绩 */
void ReadScore(STU stu[], int n, int m)
{
printf("Input student's ID, name and score:\n");
for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
{
scanf("%ld%s", &stu[i].num, stu[i].name);
for (int j = 0; j < m; ++j)
{
scanf("%f", &stu[i].score[j]);
}
}
}
/* 函数功能:计算每个学生各门课程的总分和平均分 */
void AverSumofEveryStudent(STU stu[], int n, int m)
{
float sum2;
for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
{
sum2 = 0;
for (int j = 0; j < m; ++j)
{
sum2 += stu[i].score[j];
}
stu[i].aver = sum2 / m;
stu[i].sum = sum2;
printf("student %d: sum=%.0f,aver=%.0f\n", i + 1, stu[i].sum, stu[i].aver);
}
}
/* 函数功能:计算每门课程的总分和平均分 */
void AverSumofEveryCourse(STU stu[], int n, int m)
{
float sum;
for (int i = 0; i < m; ++i)
{
sum = 0;
for (int j = 0; j < n; ++j)
{
sum += stu[j].score[i];
}
printf("course %d:sum=%.0f,aver=%.0f\n", i + 1, sum, sum / n);
}
}
/* 函数功能:按选择法将数组sum的元素值排序 */
void SortbyScore(STU stu[], int n, int m, int (*compare)(float a, float b))
{
int flag;
for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
{
flag = 0;
for (int j = 0; j < n - i - 1; ++j)
{
if ((*compare)(stu[j].sum, stu[j + 1].sum))
{
SwapFloat(&stu[j].sum, &stu[j + 1].sum);
//课程分数交换
for (int k = 0; k < m; ++k)
{
SwapFloat(&stu[j].score[k], &stu[j + 1].score[k]);
}
SwapFloat(&stu[j].aver, &stu[j + 1].aver);
SwapLong(&stu[j].num, &stu[j + 1].num);
SwapChar(stu[j].name, stu[j + 1].name);
flag = 1;
}
}
if (!flag)
{
break;
}
}
}
int Ascending(float a, float b)
{
return a > b;
}
int Descending(float a, float b)
{
return a < b;
}
void SwapFloat(float *x, float *y)
{
float temp;
temp = *x;
*x = *y;
*y = temp;
}
void SwapLong(long *x, long *y)
{
long temp;
temp = *x;
*x = *y;
*y = temp;
}
void SwapChar(char x[], char y[])
{
char temp[MAX_LEN];
strcpy(temp, x);
strcpy(x, y);
strcpy(y, temp);
}
/* 函数功能:按选择法将数组num的元素值按从低到高排序 */
void AsSortbyNum(STU stu[], int n, int m)
{
int flag;
for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
{
flag = 0;
for (int j = 0; j < n - i - 1; ++j)
{
if (stu[j].num > stu[j + 1].num)
{
SwapFloat(&stu[j].sum, &stu[j + 1].sum);
//课程分数交换
for (int k = 0; k < m; ++k)
{
SwapFloat(&stu[j].score[k], &stu[j + 1].score[k]);
}
SwapFloat(&stu[j].aver, &stu[j + 1].aver);
SwapLong(&stu[j].num, &stu[j + 1].num);
SwapChar(stu[j].name, stu[j + 1].name);
flag = 1;
}
}
if (!flag)
{
break;
}
}
}
/* 函数功能:交换法实现字符串按字典顺序排序 */
void SortbyName(STU stu[], int n, int m)
{
int flag;
for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
{
flag = 0;
for (int j = 0; j < n - i - 1; ++j)
{
if (strcmp(stu[j].name, stu[j + 1].name) > 0)
{
SwapFloat(&stu[j].sum, &stu[j + 1].sum);
//课程分数交换
for (int k = 0; k < m; ++k)
{
SwapFloat(&stu[j].score[k], &stu[j + 1].score[k]);
}
SwapFloat(&stu[j].aver, &stu[j + 1].aver);
SwapLong(&stu[j].num, &stu[j + 1].num);
SwapChar(stu[j].name, stu[j + 1].name);
flag = 1;
}
}
if (!flag)
{
break;
}
}
}
/* 函数功能:按学号查找学生成绩并显示查找结果 */
void SearchbyNum(STU stu[], int n, int m)
{
int number, flag = 0, i;
printf("Input the number you want to search:\n");
scanf("%d", &number);
for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
{
if (stu[i].num == number)
{
flag = 1;
break;
}
}
if (flag)
{
printf("%ld\t%s\t", stu[i].num, stu[i].name);
for (int j = 0; j < m; ++j)
{
printf("%.0f\t", stu[i].score[j]);
}
printf("%.0f\t%.0f\n", stu[i].sum, stu[i].aver);
} else
{
printf("Not found!\n");
}
}
/* 函数功能:按姓名的字典顺序排出成绩表 */
void SearchbyName(STU stu[], int n, int m)
{
char name2[MAX_LEN];
int flag = 0, i;
printf("Input the name you want to search:\n");
scanf("%s", name2);
for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
{
if (strcmp(name2, stu[i].name) == 0)
{
flag = 1;
break;
}
}
if (flag)
{
printf("%ld\t%s\t", stu[i].num, stu[i].name);
for (int j = 0; j < m; ++j)
{
printf("%.0f\t", stu[i].score[j]);
}
printf("%.0f\t%.0f\n", stu[i].sum, stu[i].aver);
} else
{
printf("Not found!\n");
}
}
/* 函数功能:统计各分数段的学生人数及所占的百分比 */
void StatisticAnalysis(STU stu[], int n, int m)
{
int a, b, c, d, e, f;
float score;
for (int i = 0; i < m; ++i)
{
a = b = c = d = e = f = 0;
for (int j = 0; j < n; ++j)
{
score = stu[j].score[i];
if (score == 100)
{
a++;
} else if (score >= 90 && score < 100)
{
b++;
} else if (score >= 80)
{
c++;
} else if (score >= 70)
{
d++;
} else if (score >= 60)
{
e++;
} else
{
f++;
}
}
printf("For course %d:\n", i + 1);
printf("<60\t%d\t%.2f%%\n", f, (float) (100 * f) / n);
printf("%d-%d\t%d\t%.2f%%\n", 60, 69, e, (float) (100 * e) / n);
printf("%d-%d\t%d\t%.2f%%\n", 70, 79, d, (float) (100 * d) / n);
printf("%d-%d\t%d\t%.2f%%\n", 80, 89, c, (float) (100 * c) / n);
printf("%d-%d\t%d\t%.2f%%\n", 90, 99, b, (float) (100 * b) / n);
printf("%d\t%d\t%.2f%%\n", 100, a, (float) (100 * a) / n);
}
}
/* 函数功能: 打印学生成绩 */
void PrintScore(STU stu[], int n, int m)
{
for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
{
printf("%ld\t%s\t", stu[i].num, stu[i].name);
for (int j = 0; j < m; ++j)
{
printf("%.0f\t", stu[i].score[j]);
}
printf("%.0f\t%.0f\n", stu[i].sum, stu[i].aver);
}
}
2 字符串中的字符排序(4分)
题目内容:
编写一个函数,对一个字符串中的字符进行升序排序,并输出字符排序后的字符串,字符串长度小于20。
void Sort(char str[], int n);
int main()
{
char str[21];
printf("Input a string:\n");
gets(str);
Sort(str, strlen(str));
printf("%s", str);
return 0;
}
void Sort(char str[], int n)
{
int flag;
char temp;
for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
{
flag = 0;
for (int j = 0; j < n - i - 1; ++j)
{
if(str[j] > str[j + 1])
{
temp = str[j + 1];
str[j + 1] = str[j];
str[j] = temp;
flag = 1;
}
}
if(!flag)
{
break;
}
}
}
3 纯数字字符串检验(4分)
题目内容:
按给定函数原型编程检查一个字符串是否全由数字组成。
int IsAllDigit(char p[]);/*若全由数字组成,则函数返回1,否则返回0*/
在主函数中,从键盘输入一个字符串(假设字符串的最大长度为20个字符),调用函数IsAllDigit(),检查该字符串是否全由数字组成,然后在主函数中根据函数IsAllDigit()的返回值输出相应的提示信息。
int IsAllDigit(char p[]);
int main()
{
char str[21];
int result;
printf("Please input a string:\n");
gets(str);
result = IsAllDigit(str);
if(result)
{
printf("The string is digit string.");
}
else {
printf("The string is not digit string.");
}
return 0;
}
int IsAllDigit(char p[])
{
int flag = 1;
int i = 0;
while (p[i] != '\0')
{
if(p[i] < '0' || p[i] > '9')
{
flag = 0;
break;
}
i++;
}
return flag;
}
4 孪生素数(4分)
题目内容:
相差为2的两个素数称为孪生素数。例如,3与5,41与43等都是孪生素数。设计程序求出指定区间上的所有孪生素数对。区间上限和下限由键盘获取。
int IsPrime(long n)
{
int flag = 1;
for (long i = 2; i <= n / 2; ++i)
{
if(n % i == 0)
{
flag = 0;
break;
}
}
return flag;
}
int main()
{
long c, d;
int count = 0;
printf("please input c,d(c>2):\n");
scanf("%ld,%ld", &c, &d);
for (long i = c; i < d ; ++i)
{
if(IsPrime(i) && IsPrime(i + 2))
{
printf("(%ld,%ld)\n", i, i + 2);
count++;
}
}
printf("total=%d\n", count);
return 0;
}
5 求解不等式(4分)
题目内容:
对指定正实数n(采用双精度浮点型表示),试求满足下面平方根不等式的最小整数m,并输出不等式左边的值。程序中浮点数的数据类型均为double。
int main()
{
double n, s;
int i, m;
printf("Input n:\n");
scanf("%lf", &n);
for (m = 1; m <= 10000; m++)
{
s = 0;
for (i = m; i <= 2 * m; i++)
{
s += sqrt(i);
}
if (s > n)
break;
}
printf("Result:m>=%d\n", m);
printf("s=%.2f\n", s);
return 0;
}