selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: unknown error: Chrome

环境

IDE: Pycharm 2020.2
系统版本： Ubuntu16.04

起因

在使用selenium时，配置浏览器驱动，运行代码出现异常。

代码

from selenium import webdriver

url = "https://www.baidu.com"
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get(url)
print(driver.page_source)
driver.close()

异常信息

1. Chrome

selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: unknown error: Chrome failed to start: exited abnormally
  (unknown error: DevToolsActivePort file doesn't exist)
  (The process started from chrome location /usr/bin/google-chrome is no longer running, so ChromeDriver is assuming that Chrome has crashed.)

3. Firefox

selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: invalid argument: can't kill an exited process

报错原因

chrome和firefox都不支持以root方式启动。

解决方案

1. 使用非root用户打开pycharm
2. 仅适用于Chrome

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options

url = "https://www.baidu.com"
# 添加参数
options = Options()
# 关闭沙盒启动
options.add_argument('--no-sandbox')

driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options = options)
driver.get(url)
print(driver.page_source)
driver.close()