2019.10.08 工作进度报告

一、完成的事项

1.完成了部分 week 2 的 Python Basics with Numpy

二、笔记

1. sigmoid function, np.exp()

作用

np.exp(x) = e^x

对比math.exp()

math.exp() 只能用于x为具体数值的情况
而 np.exp() 可用于x为矩阵和向量（）的情况

2.image.shape[]

作用

提取某维度的项数
可参考代码4

三、代码

1.sigmoid function

# GRADED FUNCTION: basic_sigmoid

import math

def basic_sigmoid(x):
    """
    Compute sigmoid of x.

    Arguments:
    x -- A scalar

    Return:
    s -- sigmoid(x)
    """
    
    ### START CODE HERE ### (≈ 1 line of code)
    s =  1.0 / ( 1 + 1/math.exp(x) )
    ### END CODE HERE ###
    
    return s

basic_sigmoid(3)

0.9525741268224334

2. Implement the sigmoid function using numpy

# GRADED FUNCTION: sigmoid

import numpy as np # this means you can access numpy functions by writing np.function() instead of numpy.function()

def sigmoid(x):
    """
    Compute the sigmoid of x

    Arguments:
    x -- A scalar or numpy array of any size

    Return:
    s -- sigmoid(x)
    """
    
    ### START CODE HERE ### (≈ 1 line of code)
    s = 1.0 / (1+1/(np.exp(x)))
    ### END CODE HERE ###
    
    return s

x = np.array([1, 2, 3])
sigmoid(x)

array([0.73105858, 0.88079708, 0.95257413])

3.Implement the function sigmoid_grad() to compute the gradient of the sigmoid function with respect to its input x.

# GRADED FUNCTION: sigmoid_derivative

def sigmoid_derivative(x):
    """
    Compute the gradient (also called the slope or derivative) of the sigmoid function with respect to its input x.
    You can store the output of the sigmoid function into variables and then use it to calculate the gradient.
    
    Arguments:
    x -- A scalar or numpy array

    Return:
    ds -- Your computed gradient.
    """
    
    ### START CODE HERE ### (≈ 2 lines of code)
    s = 1.0 / (1 + 1 / (np.exp(x)))
    ds = s* ( 1 - s )
    ### END CODE HERE ###
    
    return ds

x = np.array([1, 2, 3])
print ("sigmoid_derivative(x) = " + str(sigmoid_derivative(x)))

sigmoid_derivative(x) = [0.19661193 0.10499359 0.04517666]

4.Implement image2vector() that takes an input of shape (length, height, 3) and returns a vector of shape (lengthheight3, 1).

# GRADED FUNCTION: image2vector
def image2vector(image):
    """
    Argument:
    image -- a numpy array of shape (length, height, depth)
    
    Returns:
    v -- a vector of shape (length*height*depth, 1)
    """
    
    ### START CODE HERE ### (≈ 1 line of code)
    v = image.reshape((image.shape[0] * image.shape[1] * image.shape[2], 1))
    ### END CODE HERE ###
    
    return v

# This is a 3 by 3 by 2 array, typically images will be (num_px_x, num_px_y,3) where 3 represents the RGB values
image = np.array([[[ 0.67826139,  0.29380381],
        [ 0.90714982,  0.52835647],
        [ 0.4215251 ,  0.45017551]],

       [[ 0.92814219,  0.96677647],
        [ 0.85304703,  0.52351845],
        [ 0.19981397,  0.27417313]],

       [[ 0.60659855,  0.00533165],
        [ 0.10820313,  0.49978937],
        [ 0.34144279,  0.94630077]]])

print ("image2vector(image) = " + str(image2vector(image)))

image2vector(image) = [[0.67826139]
 [0.29380381]
 [0.90714982]
 [0.52835647]
 [0.4215251 ]
 [0.45017551]
 [0.92814219]
 [0.96677647]
 [0.85304703]
 [0.52351845]
 [0.19981397]
 [0.27417313]
 [0.60659855]
 [0.00533165]
 [0.10820313]
 [0.49978937]
 [0.34144279]
 [0.94630077]]