出处:http://www.jb51.net/article/82920.htm
var code = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/".split(""); //索引表
/**
* @author laixiangran@163.com
* @description 将二进制序列转换为Base64编码
* @param {String}
* @return {String}
*/
function binToBase64(bitString) {
var result = "";
var tail = bitString.length % 6;
var bitStringTemp1 = bitString.substr(0, bitString.length - tail);
var bitStringTemp2 = bitString.substr(bitString.length - tail, tail);
for (var i = 0; i < bitStringTemp1.length; i += 6) {
var index = parseInt(bitStringTemp1.substr(i, 6), 2);
result += code[index];
}
bitStringTemp2 += new Array(7 - tail).join("0");
if (tail) {
result += code[parseInt(bitStringTemp2, 2)];
result += new Array((6 - tail) / 2 + 1).join("=");
}
return result;
}
/**
* @author laixiangran@163.com
* @description 将base64编码转换为二进制序列
* @param {String}
* @return {String}
*/
function base64ToBin(str) {
var bitString = "";
var tail = 0;
for (var i = 0; i < str.length; i++) {
if (str[i] != "=") {
var decode = code.indexOf(str[i]).toString(2);
bitString += (new Array(7 - decode.length)).join("0") + decode;
} else {
tail++;
}
}
return bitString.substr(0, bitString.length - tail * 2);
}
/**
* @author laixiangran@163.com
* @description 将字符转换为二进制序列
* @param {String} str
* @return {String}
*/
function stringToBin(str) {
var result = "";
for (var i = 0; i < str.length; i++) {
var charCode = str.charCodeAt(i).toString(2);
result += (new Array(9 - charCode.length).join("0") + charCode);
}
return result;
}
/**
* @author laixiangran@163.com
* @description 将二进制序列转换为字符串
* @param {String} Bin
*/
function BinToStr(Bin) {
var result = "";
for (var i = 0; i < Bin.length; i += 8) {
result += String.fromCharCode(parseInt(Bin.substr(i, 8), 2));
}
return result;
}
将图片数据进行Base64编码
将图片数据转换为Base64,首先要获取到图片的二进制数据。图片的二进制数据可以通过canvas接口得到。
具体实现为:
function getCanvas(w, h) {
var c = document.createElement('canvas');
c.width = w;
c.height = h;
return c;
}
function getPixels(img) {
var c = getCanvas(img.width, img.height);
var ctx = c.getContext('2d');
ctx.drawImage(img, 0, 0);
return ctx.getImageData(0, 0, c.width, c.height);
}
取到图片的二进制数据后,接下来就要进行编码了。因为图片不仅包含像素信息,还包含长度,宽度信息。所以在编码像素信息的同时也应将宽度和高度信息按某一约定进行编码,我是这样处理的:
将图片的像素数值数据转换为二进制序列;将宽度和高度信息组合成字符串
width,height
,转换为二进制序列;将图片像素信息的二进制序列和图片宽高度的二进制序列组合起来,然后再进行Base64的编码
具体实现为:
function img2Base64(img) {
var imgData = getPixels(img).data;
var imgWidth = getPixels(img).width;
var imgHeight = getPixels(img).height;
var bin = "";
for (var i = 0; i < imgData.length; i++) {
bin += base.numToString(imgData[i]);
}
bin = bin + base.stringToBin("$$" + imgWidth + "," + imgHeight + "$$");
return base.binToBase64(bin);
}
将图片Base64数据进行解码
解码是编码的逆过程。过程大致为:
将图片的Base64信息进行解码,得到包含图片像素信息和宽高度信息的二进制序列;然后将这个二进制序列解码成字符串,获取高度和宽度信息;去除二进制序列中的高度和宽度信息,得到像素信息;根据像素信息生成像素矩阵;根据像素矩阵、宽度和高度创建图片对象ImageData;利用putImageData将图像绘制出来。
具体的代码实现为
function paint(imgData) {
var canvas = document.getElementById("myCanvas");
var ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");
ctx.fillRect(0, 0, imgData.width, imgData.height);
ctx.putImageData(imgData, 0, 0);
}
function base642img(data) {
var str = base.BinToStr(base.base64ToBin(data));
var imgWidth = str.match(/\$\$(\d+),(\d+)\$\$$/, "")[1];
var imgHeight = str.match(/\$\$(\d+),(\d+)\$\$$/, "")[2]
var imgData = base.base64ToBin(data).replace(base.stringToBin("$$" + imgWidth + "," + imgHeight + "$$"), "");
var ImageDataArray = new Uint8ClampedArray(imgWidth * imgHeight * 4);
for (var i = 0; i < ImageDataArray.length; i++) {
ImageDataArray[i] = parseInt(imgData.substr(i * 8, 8), 2);
}
return new ImageData(ImageDataArray, imgWidth, imgHeight);
}