Linux环境Elasticsearch、Kibana、IK分词器，最全安装步骤

要开心吖ZSH

已于 2024-04-12 17:45:26 修改

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分类专栏： ES 文章标签： elasticsearch 大数据搜索引擎后端

于 2024-04-12 16:32:28 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/ZhShH0413/article/details/137672277

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1. 下载Elasticsearch、Kibana、IK分词器

注意：es、kibana、ik的版本要保持一致。并且es版本与Java的jdk版本也需匹配。

1.1 es与jdk版本匹配一览表

参考网址：支持一览表 | Elastic

1.2 下载地址

注：我这里版本都是选择7.8.0，根据自己环境下载

（1）Elasticsearch：Download Elasticsearch | Elastic

（2）Kibana：Download Kibana Free | Get Started Now | Elastic

（3）IK分词器：GitHub - infinilabs/analysis-ik: 🚌 The IK Analysis plugin integrates Lucene IK analyzer into Elasticsearch and OpenSearch, support customized dictionary.

打包好的网址：Index of: (infinilabs.com)

2. 上传文件并解压

2.1 使用xftp将文件上传到指定目录下

2.2 解压elasticsearch、kibana、ik分词器

（1）解压elasticsearch

tar -zxvf elasticsearch-7.8.0-linux-x86_64.tar.gz elasticsearch-7.8.0

（2）解压kibana

tar -zxvf kibana-7.8.0-linux-x86_64.tar.gz

修改文件名：

mv kibana-7.8.0-linux-x86_64 kibana-7.8.0

（3）解压ik分词器

注：ik分词器要解压到elasticsearch-7.8.0的plugins目录中。解压后，重启es没问题，表示安装成功，验证可以看第7条（安装和验证ik分词器）

首先进入elasticsearch-7.8.0的plugins目录，创建ik目录

将elasticsearch-analysis-ik-7.8.0.zip移动到ik目录下：

mv /opt/bigmw/es/elasticsearch-analysis-ik-7.8.0.zip /opt/bigmw/es/elasticsearch-7.8.0/plugins/ik/

直接解压即可：

unzip elasticsearch-analysis-ik-7.8.0.zip

3. 创建普通用户，供es使用

注：出于安全考虑，elasticsearch默认不允许以root账号运⾏，, 所以要创建一个ES专属的普通用户es

3.1 创建elastic用户

创建用户名：sudo useradd elastic

设置密码：sudo passwd elastic

输入命令验证切换用户：su elastic

3.2 给创建的elastic用户赋权

（1）切换回root用户：su root

（2）输入命令赋权：

chown -R elastic:elastic /opt/bigmw/es/elasticsearch-7.8.0/

（3）给elastic用户赋予sudo权限

vim /etc/sudoers

在文件中的root ALL=(ALL) ALL新增elastic ALL=(ALL) ALL

## Allow root to run any commands anywhere
root ALL=(ALL) ALL
elastic ALL=(ALL) ALL

4. 运行的前置配置操作

4.1 vim /etc/security/limits.conf

（1）编辑文件

vim /etc/security/limits.conf

（2）添加配置

每个进程可以打开的文件数的限制

elastic soft nofile 65536
elastic hard nofile 65536

4.2 vim /etc/security/limits.d/20-nproc.conf

（1）编辑文件

vim /etc/security/limits.d/20-nproc.conf

（2）添加配置

每个进程可以打开的文件数的限制；操作系统级别对每个用户创建的进程数的限制

注：* 带表 Linux 所有用户名称

elastic soft nofile 65536
elastic hard nofile 65536

* hard nproc 4096

4.3 修改jvm.options，配置内存大小

注：结合服务器环境的内存，进行更改（默认1g）

（1）编辑文件

jvm.options在es的config目录下

vim /opt/bigmw/es/elasticsearch-7.8.0/config/jvm.options

（2）修改配置

# Xms represents the initial size of total heap space
# Xmx represents the maximum size of total heap space

-Xms1g
-Xmx1g

4.4 配置远程连接，则设置elasticsearch.yml 文件

编辑文件，elasticsearch.yml在es的config目录下

vim /opt/bigmw/es/elasticsearch-7.8.0/config/elasticsearch.yml

elasticsearch.yml文件参考：

# ======================== Elasticsearch Configuration =========================
# ------------------------------------ Node ------------------------------------
#
# Use a descriptive name for the node:
#
node.name: elastic-1
#
# Add custom attributes to the node:
#
#node.attr.rack: r1
#
# ----------------------------------- Paths ------------------------------------
#
# Path to directory where to store the data (separate multiple locations by comma):
#
path.data: /opt/bigmw/es/elasticsearch-7.8.0/data
#
# Path to log files:
#
path.logs: /opt/bigmw/es/elasticsearch-7.8.0/logs
#
# ----------------------------------- Memory -----------------------------------
#
# Lock the memory on startup:
#
#bootstrap.memory_lock: true
#
# Make sure that the heap size is set to about half the memory available
# on the system and that the owner of the process is allowed to use this
# limit.
#
# Elasticsearch performs poorly when the system is swapping the memory.
#
# ---------------------------------- Network -----------------------------------
#
# Set the bind address to a specific IP (IPv4 or IPv6):
#
#network.host: 192.168.0.1
network.host: 0.0.0.0
#
# Set a custom port for HTTP:
#
http.port: 39200
#
# For more information, consult the network module documentation.
#
# --------------------------------- Discovery ----------------------------------
#
# Pass an initial list of hosts to perform discovery when this node is started:
# The default list of hosts is ["127.0.0.1", "[::1]"]
#
#discovery.seed_hosts: ["host1", "host2"]
#
# Bootstrap the cluster using an initial set of master-eligible nodes:
#
#cluster.initial_master_nodes: ["node-1", "node-2"]
cluster.initial_master_nodes: ["elastic-1"]
#
# For more information, consult the discovery and cluster formation module documentation.
#
# ---------------------------------- Gateway -----------------------------------
#
# Block initial recovery after a full cluster restart until N nodes are started:
#
#gateway.recover_after_nodes: 3
#
# For more information, consult the gateway module documentation.
#
# ---------------------------------- Various -----------------------------------
#
# Require explicit names when deleting indices:
#
#action.destructive_requires_name: true
#
#以下皆是跨域配置
http.cors.allow-origin: "*" 
http.cors.enabled: true
http.cors.allow-headers : X-Requested-With,X-Auth-Token,Content-Type,Content-Length,Authorization
http.cors.allow-credentials: true
#开启xpack验证（开启用户名、密码验证）
xpack.security.enabled: true
xpack.security.transport.ssl.enabled: true
xpack.license.self_generated.type: basic

4.4.1 修改数据和日志目录

这里可以不用修改，如果不修改，默认放在elasticsearch根目录下

在elasticsearch-7.8.0中创建data目录，并赋予权限

mkdir data

chmod 777 data

vim编辑elasticsearch.yml

# ----------------------------------- Paths ------------------------------------
#
# Path to directory where to store the data (separate multiple locations by comma):
#
path.data: /opt/bigmw/es/elasticsearch-7.8.0/data
#
# Path to log files:
#
path.logs: /opt/bigmw/es/elasticsearch-7.8.0/logs

4.4.2 修改绑定的ip允许远程访问

#默认只允许本机访问，修改为0.0.0.0后则可以远程访问
# 绑定到0.0.0.0，允许任何ip来访问
network.host: 0.0.0.0

4.4.3 初始化节点名称

# Use a descriptive name for the node:
#
node.name: elastic-1

# Bootstrap the cluster using an initial set of master-eligible nodes:
#
#cluster.initial_master_nodes: ["node-1", "node-2"]
cluster.initial_master_nodes: ["elastic-1"]

4.4.4 修改端口号（非必须）

# Set a custom port for HTTP:
#
http.port: 39200

4.4.5 添加跨域配置

#以下皆是跨域配置
http.cors.allow-origin: "*"
http.cors.enabled: true
http.cors.allow-headers : X-Requested-With,X-Auth-Token,Content-Type,Content-Length,Authorization
http.cors.allow-credentials: true