搭建hibernate的步骤:
1.首先下载hibernate源码https://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/hibernate/hibernate4/4.3.11.Final/hibernate-release-4.3.11.Final.zip
2.创建一个java项目,hibernate是对数据库操作的,所以创建一个普通的java项目就可以了。然后把解压的hibernate-release-4.3.11.Final中lib里的required中的所有jar包放到项目中
3.配置hibernate.cfg.xml(名称随意,但一般是这个名称,因为Configuration调用configure时默认的文件名称就是它)
4.创建实体类,并配置实体类的映射配置文件
开始创建java项目:
1.在创建完java项目后,再创建一个lib文件夹,把所有的jar放到lib中,然后选中所有jar,右键add,把它加入就可以了。(注:创建的动态web项目是不用add的,直接放到lib中它会自动添加的)
2.创建 hibernate.cfg.xm文件
在src下创建xml文件,然后在hibernate-core的jar包中找到dtd校验的文件头
配置连接数据库的相关内容
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<!-- 配置数据库连接相关内容 -->
<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">
com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.url">
jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/testdb?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.username">
root
</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.password">
123
</property>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
创建实体类
package com.pojo;
/**
* 用户实体类
* @author zy
*
*/
public class UserInfo {
private int userId;
private String userName;
private String userSex;
public int getUserId() {
return userId;
}
public void setUserId(int userId) {
this.userId = userId;
}
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public String getUserSex() {
return userSex;
}
public void setUserSex(String userSex) {
this.userSex = userSex;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "UserInfo [userId=" + userId + ", userName=" + userName + ", userSex=" + userSex + "]";
}
}
创建实体类的映射文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="com.pojo">
<!-- 配置UserInfo的ORM映射 :配置package可以让class中的name只写类名-->
<class name="UserInfo" table="t_user">
<!-- 配置主键映射 -->
<!-- id ->name:UserInfo类中的主键属性名称 ,区分大小写
column->name:不区分大小写,数据库表中的字段
-->
<id name="userId" type="int">
<column name="user_id"/>
<!-- 配置主键的生成策略
identity
increment
native
如果设置了主键自动增长就把下面generator的注释打开
-->
<!-- <generator class="native"></generator> -->
</id>
<!-- 属性映射 -->
<property name="userName" column="user_name"></property>
<property name="userSex" column="user_sex"></property>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
再在hibernate.cfg.xml中加载实体类的映射文件。完整版:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<!-- 配置数据库连接相关内容 -->
<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">
com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.url">
jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/testdb?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.username">
root
</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.password">
123
</property>
<!-- 加入ORM映射文件 -->
<mapping resource="com/pojo/UserInfo.hbm.xml"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
创建测试类:
package com.test;
/**
* 测试hibernate的使用
* @author zy
*
*/
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.boot.registry.StandardServiceRegistryBuilder;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;
import com.pojo.UserInfo;
@SuppressWarnings("all")
public class Test {
private static SessionFactory sessionFactory;
//SessionFactory是重量级的对象,很占内存,所以使用静态块只创建一次。
static{
//加载并解析hibernate的配置文件configure()中可以不写,因为默认的就是/hibernate.cfg.xml
Configuration cfg=new Configuration().configure("/hibernate.cfg.xml");
//创建注册服务对象
ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry=new StandardServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(cfg.getProperties()).build();
//创建SessionFactory对象
sessionFactory=cfg.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
myquery();
}
//单条查询
private static void queryOne(){
Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
//简单单条查询,查询表中的第一条数据
UserInfo userInfo=(UserInfo) session.get(UserInfo.class, 1);
System.out.println(userInfo);
}
//更新
private static void update(){
Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
//开启事务
Transaction tx=session.beginTransaction();
//简单单条查询,查询表中的第2条数据
UserInfo userInfo=(UserInfo) session.get(UserInfo.class, 2);
//更新
userInfo.setUserName("胡歌");
session.update(userInfo);
tx.commit();
}
//添加
private static void save(){
Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
//开启事务
Transaction tx=session.beginTransaction();
UserInfo userInfo=new UserInfo();
userInfo.setUserId(5);
userInfo.setUserName("怎么说");
userInfo.setUserSex("男");
session.save(userInfo);
tx.commit();
}
//删除
private static void delete(){
Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
//开启事务
Transaction tx=session.beginTransaction();
//简单单条查询,查询表中的第3条数据
UserInfo userInfo=(UserInfo) session.get(UserInfo.class,3);
session.delete(userInfo);
tx.commit();
}
//自定义查询yuj
private static void myquery(){
Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
//查询特定类属性,from+类名不是表名
String hql="from com.pojo.UserInfo";
//查询某个字段
hql="select us.userName from UserInfo us";
//where条件查询
hql="from UserInfo us where us.userId=2";
Query query = session.createQuery(hql);
//使用命名参数查询
/* String hql = "FROM UserInfo us WHERE us.userId = :us_id";
Query query = session.createQuery(hql);
query.setParameter("us_id",4);
List results = query.list();*/
List lists = query.list();
for (Object list : lists) {
System.out.println(list);
}
session.close();
}
/**
* UPDATE 语句能够更新一个或多个对象的一个或多个属性。下面是使用 UPDATE 语句的简单的语法:
String hql = "UPDATE UserInfo set userName = :userName " +
"WHERE userId = :userId";
Query query = session.createQuery(hql);
query.setParameter("userName", "忽悠");
query.setParameter("userId", 10);
int result = query.executeUpdate();
System.out.println("Rows affected: " + result);
*/
/**
* DELETE 语句可以用来删除一个或多个对象。以下是使用 DELETE 语句的简单语法:
String hql = "DELETE FROM UserInfo " +
"WHERE userId = :userId";
Query query = session.createQuery(hql);
query.setParameter("userId", 10);
int result = query.executeUpdate();
System.out.println("Rows affected: " + result);
*/
/**
* HQL 只有当记录从一个对象插入到另一个对象时才支持 INSERT INTO 语句。下面是使用 INSERT INTO 语句的简单的语法:
String hql = "INSERT INTO UserInfo(userId, userName, userSex)" +
"SELECT userId, userName, userSex FROM old_UserInfo";
Query query = session.createQuery(hql);
int result = query.executeUpdate();
System.out.println("Rows affected: " + result);
*/
}