Python栈的C++实现

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最新推荐文章于 2023-12-04 15:00:16 发布

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分类专栏： Python C/C++ 软件开发文章标签： python c++ destructor null struct module

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Python栈的C++实现

这几天学Python，顺便用C++写了个栈程序供Python调用。现在贴出来。共分三个文件：stack.h、stack.cpp、Resources.cpp。如下：

1. stack.h:声明了一些必须的静态函数、用到的结构以及一些DocString的声明。

/*=========================================================================*/ Copyright (c) YaFengZhang. All rights reserved. File: DocStrings.h Time: 2010.11.7 Email: zyfgood12@163.com Description: DocString的定义处. /*=========================================================================*/ #pragma once /*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* DocString的导入声明. */ /*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ extern char szPushDoc[]; //入栈DocString. extern char szPopDoc[]; //出栈DocString. extern char szSizeDoc[]; //获取栈大小DocString. extern char szClearDoc[]; //清空栈DocString. extern char szTopDoc[]; //获取栈顶元素DocString. extern char szEmptyDoc[]; //栈是否为空DocString. extern char szStackDoc[]; //栈类ClassDocString. extern char szModuleDoc[]; //模块DocString. /*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* 栈节点定义. */ /*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ typedef struct _NODE { int _Element; _NODE* _pNextNode; }node; /*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* stack类的定义. */ /*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ typedef struct _STACK { PyObject_HEAD node* _pHead; int _iStackLen; }stack; /*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* stack支持的所有方法声明. */ /*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ // // 构造函数. // static void stack_init(stack* pSelf); // // 析构函数. // static void stack_destructor(stack* pSelf); // // 清空栈. // static PyObject* stack_clear(stack* pSelf); // // __str__. // static PyObject* statck_str(stack* pSelf); // // __repr__. // static PyObject* stack_repr(stack* pSelf); // // 入栈操作. // static PyObject* stack_push(stack* pSelf, PyObject* pPushVal); // // 出栈操作. // static PyObject* stack_pop(stack* pSelf); // // 获取栈顶元素. // static PyObject* stack_top(stack* pSelf); // // 获得栈中元素个数. // static PyObject* stack_size(stack* pSelf); // // 栈是否为空. // static PyObject* stack_empty(stack* pSelf); //:-)

2. stack.cpp:各个静态函数的具体实现。栈的导出工作实现。

/*=========================================================================*/ Copyright (c) YaFengZhang. All rights reserved. File: stack.cpp Time: 2010.11.7 Email: zyfgood12@163.com Module Name: stack. Description: 为Python导出一个可用的stack类. /*=========================================================================*/ #include <iostream> #include <Python.h> #include <sstream> #include <structmember.h> #include "stack.h" using namespace std; /*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* stack数据成员定义. */ /*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static PyMemberDef dataMember[] = { {"headNode", T_LONG, offsetof(stack, _pHead), 0, "The head node of stack."}, {"stackLength", T_LONG, offsetof(stack, _iStackLen), 0, "The length of stack."}, {NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL} }; /*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* stack所有支持的方法定义. */ /*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static void stack_init(stack* pSelf) { pSelf->_pHead = 0; pSelf->_iStackLen = 0; } static PyObject* stack_clear(stack* pSelf) { node* pNode = pSelf->_pHead; while(pNode) { node* pNextNode = pNode->_pNextNode; delete pNode; pNode = pNextNode; } pSelf->_pHead = 0; pSelf->_iStackLen = 0; Py_INCREF(Py_None); return Py_None; } static void stack_destructor(stack* pSelf) { stack_clear(pSelf); } static PyObject* statck_str(stack* pSelf) { ostringstream strStream; strStream<<"| "; node* pNode = pSelf->_pHead; while(pNode) { strStream<<pNode->_Element; pNode = pNode->_pNextNode; if(pNode) { strStream<<", "; } } strStream<<" |"<<endl; string retString = strStream.str(); return Py_BuildValue("s", retString.c_str()); } static PyObject* stack_repr(stack* pSelf) { return statck_str(pSelf); } static PyObject* stack_push(stack* pSelf, PyObject* pPushVal) { int iPushVal = 0; if(PyArg_ParseTuple(pPushVal, "i", &iPushVal)) { node* pNewNode = new node(); pNewNode->_Element = iPushVal; pNewNode->_pNextNode = pSelf->_pHead; pSelf->_pHead = pNewNode; ++pSelf->_iStackLen; } Py_INCREF(Py_None); return Py_None; } static PyObject* stack_pop(stack* pSelf) { PyObject* pReturn = 0; if(pSelf->_pHead) { pReturn = Py_BuildValue("i", pSelf->_pHead->_Element); node* pPopNode = pSelf->_pHead; pSelf->_pHead = pSelf->_pHead->_pNextNode; delete pPopNode; //释放节点. --pSelf->_iStackLen; } else { Py_INCREF(Py_None); pReturn = Py_None; } return pReturn; } static PyObject* stack_top(stack* pSelf) { PyObject* pReturn = 0; if(pSelf->_pHead) { pReturn = Py_BuildValue("i", pSelf->_pHead->_Element); } else { Py_INCREF(Py_None); pReturn = Py_None; } return pReturn; } static PyObject* stack_size(stack* pSelf) { return Py_BuildValue("i", pSelf->_iStackLen); } static PyObject* stack_empty(stack* pSelf) { PyObject* pReturn = 0; if(pSelf->_iStackLen > 0) { pReturn = Py_False; } else { pReturn = Py_True; } Py_INCREF(pReturn); return pReturn; } /*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* stack的成员函数说明. */ /*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static PyMethodDef methodMember[] = { {"push", (PyCFunction)stack_push, METH_VARARGS, szPushDoc}, {"pop", (PyCFunction)stack_pop, METH_NOARGS, szPopDoc}, {"top", (PyCFunction)stack_top, METH_NOARGS, szTopDoc}, {"size", (PyCFunction)stack_size, METH_NOARGS, szSizeDoc}, {"clear", (PyCFunction)stack_clear, METH_NOARGS, szClearDoc}, {"empty", (PyCFunction)stack_empty, METH_NOARGS, szEmptyDoc}, {NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL} }; /*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* stack类的总体规划说明. */ /*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static PyTypeObject classDescription = { PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL, 0) "stack", //stack.__name__ sizeof(stack), 0, (destructor)stack_destructor, //Destructor of stack. 0, 0, 0, 0, (reprfunc)stack_repr, //stack.__repr__ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, (reprfunc)statck_str, //stack.__str__ --> print(stack). 0, 0, 0, Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT | Py_TPFLAGS_BASETYPE, szStackDoc, //stack.__doc__ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, methodMember, //All method information. dataMember, //All data information. 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, (initproc)stack_init, //Constructor of stack.__doc__ 0, }; /*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* 填充stack模块说明信息. */ /*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static PyModuleDef moduleDescription = { PyModuleDef_HEAD_INIT, "stack", //module.__name__ szModuleDoc, //module.__doc__ -1, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL }; /*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* 生成模块. */ /*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_stack() { PyObject* pReturn = 0; classDescription.tp_new = PyType_GenericNew; if(PyType_Ready(&classDescription) < 0) { return NULL; } // // 创建模块. // pReturn = PyModule_Create(&moduleDescription); if(!pReturn) { return NULL; } Py_INCREF(&moduleDescription); //增加引用计数. PyModule_AddObject( pReturn, "stack", (PyObject*)&classDescription ); return pReturn; } //:-)

3. Resources.cpp:一些DocString的定义。

// // Resources.cpp: 用到的各项资源的定义. // char szPushDoc[] = "stack.push(val):/n" / " push a value to stack top./n"/ " Here is no return value./n"; char szPopDoc[] = "stack.pop():/n"/ " pop the top value of stack./n"/ " Return the poped value/n"; char szTopDoc[] = "stack.top():/n"/ " Get the top element of stack./n"; char szSizeDoc[] = "stack.size():/n"/ " Get the size of stack./n"; char szClearDoc[] = "stack.clear():/n"/ " Clear the stack./n"; char szEmptyDoc[] = "stack.empty:/n"/ " If stack is empty, return True./n"/ " Else return False./n"; char szStackDoc[] = "stack class:/n"/ " Implement a LIFO stack structure./n"/ " - push(val) : push a value to top of stack./n"/ " - pop() : pop the top value of stack and return it./n"/ " - size() : return the size of stack./n"; char szModuleDoc[] = "-----------------------------------------/n"/ "stack module:/n"/ " Author : YaFengZhang/n"/ " Mail : zyfgood12@163.com/n"/ " Version : v1.0/n"/ " Time : 2010.11.7/n"/ " /n"/ " CopyRight (C) 2010/n"/ "-----------------------------------------/n"; //:-)

用C++编译器按DLL工程进行编译，将最后的DLL文件改为.pyd文件——Python可导入的模块文件，然后就可以在Python中自由调用了。

4. 具体调用：