1、确保环境中已经安装过openssl
openssl version -a 查看是否安装过
2、安装nginx
说明:安装编译的时候必须增加上:
--with-http_ssl_module
3、使用openssl实现证书中心
由于是使用openssl架设私有证书中心,因此要保证以下字段在证书中心的证书、服务端证书、客户端证书中都相同
Country Name
State or Province Name
Locality Name
Organization Name
Organizational Unit Name
编辑证书中心配置文件
vim /etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf
[ CA_default ]
dir = /etc/pki/CA # Where everything is kept (CA中心的目录)
certs = $dir/certs # Where the issued certs are kept (证书保存目录)
crl_dir = $dir/crl # Where the issued crl are kept (被吊销证书的目录)
database
= $dir/index.txt # database index file. (证书索引文件)
#unique_subject = no # Set to 'no' to allow creation of
certificate = $dir/my-ca.crt # The CA certificate (CA的公钥文件名)
serial = $dir/serial # The current serial number (CA中心的颁发证书序列号)
crlnumber = $dir/crlnumber # the current crl number (已吊销证书序列号)
crl = $dir/my-ca.crl # The current CRL (证书吊销列表)
private_key = $dir/private/my-ca.key # The private key (CA私钥文件)
RANDFILE = $dir/private/.rand # private random number file
x509_extensions = usr_cert # The extentions to add to the cert
default_days = 365 # how long to certify for (证书有效期)
default_crl_days= 30 # how long before next CRL
default_md = default # use public key default MD
preserve = no # keep passed DN ordering
[ req_distinguished_name ]
countryName = Country Name(2 letter code)
countryName_default = CN
countryName_min = 2
countryName_max = 2
stateOrProvinceName = State or Province Name (full name)
stateOrProvinceName_default = Beijing
localityName = Locality Name (eg, city)
localityName_default = Beijing
0.organizationName = Organization Name (eg, company)
0.organizationName_default = founder
organizationalUnitName = Organizational Unit Name (eg, section)
organizationalUnitName_default = founder
创建相应的文件:
cd /etc/pki/CA
touch index.txt
echo "00"> serial
创建证书私钥
cd /etc/pki/CA/private
umask 077
openssl genrsa -out cakey.pem 2048
生成自签证书
cd /etc/pki/CA/
openssl req -new -x509 -key private/cakey.pem -out cacert.pem
4、创建服务器证书
mkdir /usr/local/nginx/ssl
cd /usr/local/nginx/ssl
umask 077
openssl genrsa -out nginx.key 1024
openssl req -new -key nginx.key -out nginx.csr
openssl ca -in nginx.csr -out nginx.crt
5、创建客户端浏览器证书
umask 077
openssl genrsa -out client.key 1024
openssl req -new -key client.key -out client.csr
openssl ca -in client.csr -out client.crt
将文本格式的证书转换成可以导入浏览器的证书
openssl pkcs12 -export -clcerts -in client.crt -inkey client.key -out client.p12
6、配置nginx服务器验证
vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
ssl on;
ssl_certificate /usr/local/nginx/ssl/nginx.crt;
ssl_certificate_key /usr/local/nginx/ssl/nginx.key;
ssl_client_certificate /usr/local/nginx/ssl/cacert.pem;
ssl_session_timeout 5m;
#ssl_verify_client on; 服务器验证客户端,暂时不开启,让没有证书的客户端可以访问,先完成单向验证
ssl_protocols SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1;
点击“我已充分了解可能的风险”
点击“添加例外”
点击“确认安全例外”
7、配置双向验证
nginx配置开启ssl_verify_client on;
在客户端浏览器没有安装证书的情况下访问
在客户端浏览器导入证书
将在Linux服务器上生成的客户端证书下载到windows上
打开火狐浏览器的高级选项卡
在证书管理器中的您的证书中点击导入
选择证书并导入
再次刷新网页,弹出“使用确认”点击确定,就实现了双向验证